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Biosensors
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Recent Progress in DNA Nanostructure-Based Electrochemical Biosensors
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Recent Progress in DNA Nanostructure-Based Electrochemical Biosensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors and Healthcare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 11988

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jinchun Tu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Material Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
Interests: biosensors; DNA nanostructure; nanomaterials; nanotechnology; electrochemical biosensors; biomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Qiang Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, School of Tropical and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China
Interests: biosensors; DNA nanostructure; nanomaterials; nanotechnology; electrochemical biosensors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, DNA nanostructures have aroused tremendous interest as promising candidates in nanotechnology because of their excellent programming properties, remarkable controllability, and high precision, which have been extensively applied in the field of electrochemical bioanalysis. Unlike traditional DNA hybridization methods, DNA-based biosensors have higher sensitivity and lower manufacturing costs. Due to their unique advantages, DNA nanostructures can be designed to serve as universal units to form biosensors for the detection of many biomarkers. The preparation of multifunctional DNA nanostructures in a controlled and functionalized manner, and the optimization of stable and reproducible DNA-based biosensors are key to the development of DNA-based electrochemical biosensors. The merits of easy preparation, structural stability, mechanical rigidity, and high loading capacity make DNA-nanostructure-based electrochemical biosensors a significant engineering paradigm for immobilizing numerous biomolecules. Many special DNA nanostructures are currently emerging, such as DNA tetrahedra, DNA walkers, DNA G-quadruplexes, DNA dendrimers, Y-shaped DNA structures, DNA nanotweezers, etc.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to share new developments in the field of DNA-nanostructure-based electrochemical biosensors and the future prospects of this field. It also includes research on nanomaterials and DNA-based photoelectrochemical biosensors.

Prof. Dr. Jinchun Tu
Prof. Dr. Qiang Wu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biosensors
  • DNA nanostructure
  • nanomaterials
  • nanotechnology
  • electrochemical biosensors
  • DNA tetrahedron
  • DNA walker
  • DNA G-quadruplex
  • DNA dendrimer
  • Y-shaped DNA structure
  • DNA nanotweezer

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2317 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical DNA Sensor for Valrubicin Detection Based on Poly(Azure C) Films Deposited from Deep Eutectic Solvent
by Anna Porfireva, Ekaterina Begisheva, Vladimir Evtugyn and Gennady Evtugyn
Biosensors 2023, 13(10), 931; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13100931 - 18 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1850
Abstract
A novel electrochemical DNA sensor was developed for the detection of the anthracycline drug, valrubicin, on the base of poly(Azure C) electropolymerized from the deep eutectic solvent reline and covered with adsorbed DNA from calf thymus. Biosensor assembling was performed by multiple scanning [...] Read more.
A novel electrochemical DNA sensor was developed for the detection of the anthracycline drug, valrubicin, on the base of poly(Azure C) electropolymerized from the deep eutectic solvent reline and covered with adsorbed DNA from calf thymus. Biosensor assembling was performed by multiple scanning of the potential in one drop (100 µL) of the dye dissolved in reline and placed on the surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode. Stabilization of the coating was achieved by its polarization in the phosphate buffer. The electrochemical characteristics of the electron transfer were determined and compared with a similar coating obtained from phosphate buffer. The use of deep eutectic solvent made it possible to increase the monomer concentration and avoid using organic solvents on the stage of electrode modification. After the contact of the DNA sensor with valrubicin, two signals related to the intrinsic redox activity of the coating and the drug redox conversion were found on voltammogram. Their synchronous changes with the analyte concentration increased the reliability of the detection. In the square-wave mode, the DNA sensor made it possible to determine from 3 µM to 1 mM (limit of detection, 1 µM) in optimal conditions. The DNA sensor was successfully tested in the voltammetric determination of valrubicin in spiked artificial urine, Ringer-Locke solution mimicking plasma electrolytes and biological samples (urine and saliva) with a recovery of 90–110%. After further testing on clinical samples, it can find application in the pharmacokinetics studies and screening of new drugs’ interaction with DNA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in DNA Nanostructure-Based Electrochemical Biosensors)
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13 pages, 5384 KiB  
Article
A Branched Rutile/Anatase Phase Structure Electrode with Enhanced Electron-Hole Separation for High-Performance Photoelectrochemical DNA Biosensor
by Bingrong Wang, Bingdong Yan, Run Yuan, Bin Qiao, Guangyuan Zhao, Jinchun Tu, Xiaohong Wang, Hua Pei and Qiang Wu
Biosensors 2023, 13(7), 714; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13070714 - 7 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3243
Abstract
A photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection platform was built based on the branched rutile/anatase titanium dioxide (RA-TiO2) electrode. Theoretical calculations proved that the type-II band alignment of rutile and anatase could facilitate charge separation in the electrode. The self-generated electric field at the [...] Read more.
A photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection platform was built based on the branched rutile/anatase titanium dioxide (RA-TiO2) electrode. Theoretical calculations proved that the type-II band alignment of rutile and anatase could facilitate charge separation in the electrode. The self-generated electric field at the interface of two phases can enhance the electron transfer efficiency of the electrode. Carboxylated CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were applied as signal amplification factors. Without the target DNA presence, the CdTe QDs were riveted to the surface of the electrode by the hairpin probe DNA. The sensitization of CdTe QDs increased the photocurrent of the electrode significantly. When the target DNA was present, the structural changes of the hairpin probe DNA resulted in the failure of the sensitized structure. Benefiting from excellent electrode structure design and CdTe QDs sensitization strategy, the PEC assays could achieve highly sensitive and specific detection of target DNA in the range of 1 fM to 1 nM, with a detection limit of 0.23 fM. The electrode construction method proposed in this article can open a new avenue for the preparation of more efficient PEC sensing devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in DNA Nanostructure-Based Electrochemical Biosensors)
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15 pages, 5263 KiB  
Article
Impedimetric DNA Sensor Based on Electropolymerized N-Phenylaminophenothiazine and Thiacalix[4]arene Tetraacids for Doxorubicin Determination
by Tatjana Kulikova, Igor Shiabiev, Pavel Padnya, Alexey Rogov, Gennady Evtugyn, Ivan Stoikov and Anna Porfireva
Biosensors 2023, 13(5), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13050513 - 30 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2160
Abstract
Electrochemical DNA sensors are highly demanded for fast and reliable determination of antitumor drugs and chemotherapy monitoring. In this work, an impedimetric DNA sensor has been developed on the base of a phenylamino derivative of phenothiazine (PhTz). A glassy carbon electrode was covered [...] Read more.
Electrochemical DNA sensors are highly demanded for fast and reliable determination of antitumor drugs and chemotherapy monitoring. In this work, an impedimetric DNA sensor has been developed on the base of a phenylamino derivative of phenothiazine (PhTz). A glassy carbon electrode was covered with electrodeposited product of PhTz oxidation obtained through multiple scans of the potential. The addition of thiacalix[4]arene derivatives bearing four terminal carboxylic groups in the substituents of the lower rim improved the conditions of electropolymerization and affected the performance of the electrochemical sensor depending on the configuration of the macrocyclic core and molar ratio with PhTz molecules in the reaction medium. Following that, the deposition of DNA by physical adsorption was confirmed by atomic force microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The redox properties of the surface layer obtained changed the electron transfer resistance in the presence of doxorubicin due to its intercalating DNA helix and influencing charge distribution on the electrode interface. This made it possible to determine 3 pM–1 nM doxorubicin in 20 min incubation (limit of detection 1.0 pM). The DNA sensor developed was tested on a bovine serum protein solution, Ringer–Locke’s solution mimicking plasma electrolytes and commercial medication (doxorubicin-LANS) and showed a satisfactory recovery rate of 90–105%. The sensor could find applications in pharmacy and medical diagnostics for the assessment of drugs able to specifically bind to DNA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in DNA Nanostructure-Based Electrochemical Biosensors)
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19 pages, 3449 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Electrochemical Biosensor Performance for 17β-Estradiol Determination with Short Split—Aptamers
by Normazida Rozi, Sharina Abu Hanifah, Nurul Huda Abd Karim, Lee Yook Heng, Sayuri L. Higashi and Masato Ikeda
Biosensors 2022, 12(12), 1077; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12121077 - 25 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2094
Abstract
Chronic exposure of 17β-estradiol (E2) even at low concentration can disorganize the endocrine system and lead to undesirable health problems in the long run. An electrochemical biosensor for rapid detection of E2 in water samples was successfully developed. The biosensor was based on [...] Read more.
Chronic exposure of 17β-estradiol (E2) even at low concentration can disorganize the endocrine system and lead to undesirable health problems in the long run. An electrochemical biosensor for rapid detection of E2 in water samples was successfully developed. The biosensor was based on split DNA aptamers attached onto poly (methacrylic acid-co-n butyl acrylate-succinimide) microspheres deposited on polypyrrole nanowires coated electrode (PPY/PMAA-NBA). The sandwich paired of split DNA aptamers used were truncated from 75 mer parent aptamers. These two strands of 12-mer and 14-mer split DNA aptamers were then immobilized on the PMAA-NBA microspheres. In the presence of E2, the split DNA aptamers formed an apt12-E2-apt14 complex, where the binding reaction on the electrode surface led to the detection of E2 by differential pulse voltammetry using ferrocyanide as a redox indicator. Under optimum conditions, the aptasensor detected E2 concentrations in the range of 1 × 10−4 M to 1 × 10−12 M (R2 = 0.9772) with a detection limit of 4.8 × 10−13 M. E2, which were successfully measured in a real sample with 97–104% recovery and showed a good correlation (R2 = 0.9999) with the established method, such as high-performance liquid chromatography. Interactions between short and sandwich-type aptamers (split aptamers) demonstrated improvement in aptasensor performance, especially the selectivity towards several potential interferents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in DNA Nanostructure-Based Electrochemical Biosensors)
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Review

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26 pages, 6968 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in the DNA-Mediated Multi-Mode Analytical Methods for Biological Samples
by Lu Huang and Zhuomin Zhang
Biosensors 2023, 13(7), 693; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13070693 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2019
Abstract
DNA-mediated nanotechnology has become a research hot spot in recent decades and is widely used in the field of biosensing analysis due to its distinctive properties of precise programmability, easy synthesis and high stability. Multi-mode analytical methods can provide sensitive, accurate and complementary [...] Read more.
DNA-mediated nanotechnology has become a research hot spot in recent decades and is widely used in the field of biosensing analysis due to its distinctive properties of precise programmability, easy synthesis and high stability. Multi-mode analytical methods can provide sensitive, accurate and complementary analytical information by merging two or more detection techniques with higher analytical throughput and efficiency. Currently, the development of DNA-mediated multi-mode analytical methods by integrating DNA-mediated nanotechnology with multi-mode analytical methods has been proved to be an effective assay for greatly enhancing the selectivity, sensitivity and accuracy, as well as detection throughput, for complex biological analysis. In this paper, the recent progress in the preparation of typical DNA-mediated multi-mode probes is reviewed from the aspect of deoxyribozyme, aptamer, templated-DNA and G-quadruplex-mediated strategies. Then, the advances in DNA-mediated multi-mode analytical methods for biological samples are summarized in detail. Moreover, the corresponding current applications for biomarker analysis, bioimaging analysis and biological monitoring are introduced. Finally, a proper summary is given and future prospective trends are discussed, hopefully providing useful information to the readers in this research field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in DNA Nanostructure-Based Electrochemical Biosensors)
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