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Biosensors
Special Issues
Nanotechnology-Enabled Biosensors
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Nanotechnology-Enabled Biosensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 4466

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Nikola Knežević

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Interests: nanomaterials; materials chemistry; targeted cancer therapy and imaging; drug delivery; biosensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanotechnology is gaining widespread interest due to the exceptional characteristics of fabricated nanomaterials, nanocomposites and nanoassemblies, which are capable of enhancing the effectiveness of products in desired applications, including the development of biosensors. Furthermore, applications of nanotechnology enable the miniaturization of biosensors, which is highly beneficial for the development of point-of-care biosensors, as well as their potential commercialization and widespread use. This Special Issue focuses on recent advances in the field of applying nanotechnology for the development of effective biosensors with widespread possible applications, such as the detection of analytes of concern, protecting health, the environment, agriculture and food.

Dr. Nikola Knežević
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biosensors
  • nanomaterials in biosensors
  • nanoparticles in biosensors
  • nanotechnology in biosensors
  • nanopatterning
  • nanofabrication of biosensors
  • microfluidic biosensors
  • electrochemical biosensors
  • optical biosensors
  • magnetic biosensors

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2990 KiB  
Article
Copolymer-Coated Gold Nanoparticles: Enhanced Stability and Customizable Functionalization for Biological Assays
by Dario Brambilla, Federica Panico, Lorenzo Zarini, Alessandro Mussida, Anna M. Ferretti, Mete Aslan, M. Selim Ünlü and Marcella Chiari
Biosensors 2024, 14(7), 319; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14070319 - 24 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1077
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) play a vital role in biotechnology, medicine, and diagnostics due to their unique optical properties. Their conjugation with antibodies, antigens, proteins, or nucleic acids enables precise targeting and enhances biosensing capabilities. Functionalized AuNPs, however, may experience reduced stability, leading to [...] Read more.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) play a vital role in biotechnology, medicine, and diagnostics due to their unique optical properties. Their conjugation with antibodies, antigens, proteins, or nucleic acids enables precise targeting and enhances biosensing capabilities. Functionalized AuNPs, however, may experience reduced stability, leading to aggregation or loss of functionality, especially in complex biological environments. Additionally, they can show non-specific binding to unintended targets, impairing assay specificity. Within this work, citrate-stabilized and silica-coated AuNPs (GNPs and SiGNPs, respectively) have been coated using N,N-dimethylacrylamide-based copolymers to increase their stability and enable their functionalization with biomolecules. AuNP stability after modification has been assessed by a combination of techniques including spectrophotometric characterization, nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy and functional microarray tests. Two different copolymers were identified to provide a stable coating of AuNPs while enabling further modification through click chemistry reactions, due to the presence of azide groups in the polymers. Following this experimental design, AuNPs decorated with ssDNA and streptavidin were synthesized and successfully used in a biological assay. In conclusion, a functionalization scheme for AuNPs has been developed that offers ease of modification, often requiring single steps and short incubation time. The obtained functionalized AuNPs offer considerable flexibility, as the functionalization protocol can be personalized to match requirements of multiple assays. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology-Enabled Biosensors)
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12 pages, 1316 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Field-Effect Transistors Based on Graphene Oxide and CVD Graphene in Highly Sensitive NT-proBNP Aptasensors
by Anastasiia Kudriavtseva, Stefan Jarić, Nikita Nekrasov, Alexey V. Orlov, Ivana Gadjanski, Ivan Bobrinetskiy, Petr I. Nikitin and Nikola Knežević
Biosensors 2024, 14(5), 215; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14050215 - 26 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1595
Abstract
Graphene-based materials are actively being investigated as sensing elements for the detection of different analytes. Both graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and graphene oxide (GO) produced by the modified Hummers’ method are actively used in the development of biosensors. The production [...] Read more.
Graphene-based materials are actively being investigated as sensing elements for the detection of different analytes. Both graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and graphene oxide (GO) produced by the modified Hummers’ method are actively used in the development of biosensors. The production costs of CVD graphene- and GO-based sensors are similar; however, the question remains regarding the most efficient graphene-based material for the construction of point-of-care diagnostic devices. To this end, in this work, we compare CVD graphene aptasensors with the aptasensors based on reduced GO (rGO) for their capabilities in the detection of NT-proBNP, which serves as the gold standard biomarker for heart failure. Both types of aptasensors were developed using commercial gold interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) with either CVD graphene or GO formed on top as a channel of liquid-gated field-effect transistor (FET), yielding GFET and rGO-FET sensors, respectively. The functional properties of the two types of aptasensors were compared. Both demonstrate good dynamic range from 10 fg/mL to 100 pg/mL. The limit of detection for NT-proBNP in artificial saliva was 100 fg/mL and 1 pg/mL for rGO-FET- and GFET-based aptasensors, respectively. While CVD GFET demonstrates less variations in parameters, higher sensitivity was demonstrated by the rGO-FET due to its higher roughness and larger bandgap. The demonstrated low cost and scalability of technology for both types of graphene-based aptasensors may be applicable for the development of different graphene-based biosensors for rapid, stable, on-site, and highly sensitive detection of diverse biochemical markers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology-Enabled Biosensors)
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Review

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35 pages, 3384 KiB  
Review
Boosting Electrochemical Sensing Performances Using Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticles
by Francesco Gagliani, Tiziano Di Giulio, Muhammad Ibrar Asif, Cosimino Malitesta and Elisabetta Mazzotta
Biosensors 2024, 14(7), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14070358 - 22 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1256
Abstract
Nanoparticles of molecularly imprinted polymers (nanoMIPs) combine the excellent recognition ability of imprinted polymers with specific properties related to the nanosize, such as a high surface-to-volume ratio, resulting in highly performing recognition elements with surface-exposed binding sites that promote the interaction with the [...] Read more.
Nanoparticles of molecularly imprinted polymers (nanoMIPs) combine the excellent recognition ability of imprinted polymers with specific properties related to the nanosize, such as a high surface-to-volume ratio, resulting in highly performing recognition elements with surface-exposed binding sites that promote the interaction with the target and, in turn, binding kinetics. Different synthetic strategies are currently available to produce nanoMIPs, with the possibility to select specific conditions in relation to the nature of monomers/templates and, importantly, to tune the nanoparticle size. The excellent sensing properties, combined with the size, tunability, and flexibility of synthetic protocols applicable to different targets, have enabled the widespread use of nanoMIPs in several applications, including sensors, imaging, and drug delivery. The present review summarizes nanoMIPs applications in sensors, specifically focusing on electrochemical detection, for which nanoMIPs have been mostly applied. After a general survey of the most widely adopted nanoMIP synthetic approaches, the integration of imprinted nanoparticles with electrochemical transducers will be discussed, representing a key step for enabling a reliable and stable sensor response. The mechanisms for electrochemical signal generation will also be compared, followed by an illustration of nanoMIP-based electrochemical sensor employment in several application fields. The high potentialities of nanoMIP-based electrochemical sensors are presented, and possible reasons that still limit their commercialization and issues to be resolved for coupling electrochemical sensing and nanoMIPs in an increasingly widespread daily-use technology are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology-Enabled Biosensors)
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