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Biosensors
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Current Challenges and Breakthroughs in Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors
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Current Challenges and Breakthroughs in Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor and Bioelectronic Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 2811

Special Issue Editors

Dr. George Tsekenis

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Guest Editor
Applied Biophysics and Surface Science Group, Bio-Medical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
Interests: biointerfaces; aptamers; surface (bio)functionalization; material-independent chemis-tries; biosensors; lab-on-a chip; NEMS; microfluidics; point-of-need; medical diagnostics; food safety; drug screening; environmental monitoring
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lise Barthelmebs

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Guest Editor
1. Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 66860 Perpignan, France
2. Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, USR 3579 Sorbonne Universités (UPMC) Paris 6 et CNRS Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
Interests: microbial ecotoxicology; biodegradation; herbicides; contaminant analysis; soil
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past decade, the field of electrochemical, aptamer-based sensors has experienced rapid growth due to the advances made both in aptamer selection techniques as well as in their implementation, along with novel nanomaterials, into highly sensitive sensing platforms. Nevertheless, and despite the progress made, a number of factors still limit the widespread adoption of electrochemical aptasensors in the field. In an attempt to address these, smart concepts exploiting the nucleic acid nature of aptamers for signal generation and amplification have been proposed, along with innovative strategies for the detection of ‘tough’ analytes, such as small molecules and hydrophobic compounds. This Special Issue aims to gather the latest solutions proposed to address challenging issues still faced by electrochemical, aptamer-based sensors that permit detection range tunability, enhance sensor stability over prolonged storage periods, and demonstrate their calibration-free operation.

Dr. George Tsekenis
Dr. Lise Barthelmebs
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aptamer-based sensors
  • electrochemical biosensors
  • bioFETs
  • nanomaterials
  • signal enhancement
  • signal stability
  • small molecule analytes

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3519 KiB  
Article
A Double-Stranded Aptamer for Highly Sensitive Fluorescent Detection of Glutathione S-Transferases
by Wei Cui, Suping Li, Jiahao Zeng, Chen Li, Zhaofeng Li, Xiaohong Wen, Suxia Bao, Yang Mei, Xiangxian Meng and Qiuping Guo
Biosensors 2024, 14(10), 476; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14100476 - 3 Oct 2024
Viewed by 507
Abstract
Aptamer-based biosensors have been widely constructed and applied to detect diverse targets. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), a pivotal phase II metabolic enzyme, plays a critical role in biotransformation in vivo, and aberrant GST expression is associated with various health risks. Herein, aptamers targeting GST [...] Read more.
Aptamer-based biosensors have been widely constructed and applied to detect diverse targets. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), a pivotal phase II metabolic enzyme, plays a critical role in biotransformation in vivo, and aberrant GST expression is associated with various health risks. Herein, aptamers targeting GST were systematically selected from a randomized single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) library of 79 nucleotides (nt) using a biotinylated GST-immobilized streptavidin agarose (SA) bead SELEX technology. Following rigorous screening across eight rounds, four aptamers with strikingly similar secondary structures emerged. Among these, Seq3 exhibited the highest affinity towards GST and was selected for further optimization. A semi-rational post-SELEX truncation strategy was then employed based on base composition analysis, secondary structure analysis and affinity assessment. This strategy enabled the systematic removal of redundant nucleotides in Seq3 without compromising its affinity, ultimately yielding a truncated aptamer, Seq3-3, which retains its specificity with a compact 39nt length. Building upon Seq3-3, a double-stranded fluorescent aptamer probe was ingeniously designed for the in vitro detection of GST. The detection mechanism hinges on the competitive displacement of the complementary chain from the probe, mediated by the target protein, leading to the separation of the antisense oligonucleotide from the double-stranded complex. This process triggers the restoration of the fluorescence signal, enabling sensitive detection, and the probe exhibits excellent response within a linear range of GST activity ranging from 0 to 1500 U/L. The results show that not only an efficient strategy for screening robust and practicable aptamers but also an ultrahighly sensitive detection platform for GST was established. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Challenges and Breakthroughs in Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors)
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16 pages, 2895 KiB  
Article
Truncated Electrochemical Aptasensor with Enhanced Antifouling Capability for Highly Sensitive Serotonin Detection
by Ziheng Hu, Ruifeng Zhu, Gabriela Figueroa-Miranda, Lei Zhou, Lingyan Feng, Andreas Offenhäusser and Dirk Mayer
Biosensors 2023, 13(9), 881; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13090881 - 11 Sep 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1808
Abstract
Accurate determination of serotonin (ST) provides insight into neurological processes and enables applications in clinical diagnostics of brain diseases. Herein, we present an electrochemical aptasensor based on truncated DNA aptamers and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecule-functionalized sensing interface for highly sensitive and selective [...] Read more.
Accurate determination of serotonin (ST) provides insight into neurological processes and enables applications in clinical diagnostics of brain diseases. Herein, we present an electrochemical aptasensor based on truncated DNA aptamers and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecule-functionalized sensing interface for highly sensitive and selective ST detection. The truncated aptamers have a small size and adopt a stable stem-loop configuration, which improves the accessibility of the aptamer for the analyte and enhances the sensitivity of the aptasensor. Upon target binding, these aptamers perform a conformational change, leading to a variation in the Faraday current of the redox tag, which was recorded by square wave voltammetry (SWV). Using PEG as blocking molecules minimizes nonspecific adsorption of other interfering molecules and thus endows an enhanced antifouling ability. The proposed electrochemical aptamer sensor showed a wide range of detection lasting from 0.1 nM to 1000 nM with a low limit of detection of 0.14 nM. Owing to the unique properties of aptamer receptors, the aptasensor also exhibits high selectivity and stability. Furthermore, with the reduced unspecific adsorption, assaying of ST in human serum and artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) showed excellent performance. The reported strategy of utilizing antifouling PEG describes a novel approach to building antifouling aptasensors and holds great potential for neurochemical investigations and clinical diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Challenges and Breakthroughs in Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors)
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