Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensing and Diagnosis

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2025) | Viewed by 12871

Special Issue Editors

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
Interests: biosensing based on functional nanomaterials; microfluidic paper-based devices; fabricating and controlling solid–liquid interface; non-invasive diagnosis
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Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
Interests: ordered nanostructured arrays for nanodevices such as biosensors and gas sensors; interfacial analysis of inorganic–organic interfaces at the micro/nanoscale

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanomaterials, including carbon nanomaterials, metal nanomaterials, silica nanoparticles, quantum dots, polymeric-based materials, and other functionalized nanoparticles, have attracted the extensive attention of scientists in view of their unique chemical, physical and size properties. They have provided great contributions to the development of biosensors and diagnosis over the past few decades. The ability to tailor the structure and therefore the properties of nanomaterials enables for desirable surface properties, crystallographic orientations, and biological activities, and this allows for the fabrication of novel application platforms for biosensing and diagnosis by improving performance. So far, various nanomaterial-based techniques on account of electrochemistry, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence, fluorescence, surface plasmon resonance, and colorimetric analysis have been developed. Nevertheless, fully satisfying the continued growing demand for application platforms that have the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost, and convenient operation is still a challenge, especially for industry requirements with high-performance fabrication technology. It is believed that multidisciplinary collaborations will remain the focus for the future development of biosensing and diagnosis applications, which will further stimulate research interest from academia and industry. Accordingly, this Special Issue is devoted to a collection of significant advances on innovative research in the fabrication of different types of nanomaterial-based biosensors and diagnosis applications.

Dr. Kang Cui
Dr. Yizhong Huang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • biosensors
  • biosensing
  • health biomarker
  • point-of-care testing
  • bioimaging
  • diagnosis

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1638 KB  
Article
Gold Nanoprobes for Detection of a Crucial EGFR Deletion for Early Diagnosis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
by Maria Enea, Anupong Nuekaew, Ricardo Franco and Eulália Pereira
Biosensors 2024, 14(4), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14040162 - 29 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3369
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit improved optical and spectral properties compared to bulk materials, making them suitable for the detection of DNA, RNA, antigens, and antibodies. Here, we describe a simple, selective, and rapid non-cross linking detection assay, using approx. 35 nm spherical Au [...] Read more.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit improved optical and spectral properties compared to bulk materials, making them suitable for the detection of DNA, RNA, antigens, and antibodies. Here, we describe a simple, selective, and rapid non-cross linking detection assay, using approx. 35 nm spherical Au nanoprobes, for a common mutation occurring in exon 19 of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), associated with non-small-cell lung cancer cells. AuNPs were synthesized based on the seed-mediated growth method and functionalized with a specific 16 bp thiolated oligonucleotide using a pH-assisted method. Both AuNPs and Au nanoprobes proved to be highly stable and monodisperse through ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and electrophoretic light scattering (ELS). Our results indicate a detection limit of 1.5 µg mL−1 using a 0.15 nmol dm−3 Au nanoprobe concentration. In conclusion, this work presents an effective possibility for a straightforward, fast, and inexpensive alternative for the detection of DNA sequences related to lung cancer, leading to a potential platform for early diagnosis of lung cancer patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensing and Diagnosis)
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Review

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27 pages, 3291 KB  
Review
Recent Progress on Carbon-Dots-Based Probes for Microbial Labeling and Versatile Analysis Applications
by Ying Liu, Ping Yu, Jinhua Li, Yang Liu, Ming Ma, Sihua Qian, Yuhui Wang and Yunwei Wei
Biosensors 2026, 16(3), 137; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios16030137 - 26 Feb 2026
Viewed by 738
Abstract
Microbial imbalance and the spread of pathogenic microorganisms pose severe threats to human health and ecological security. Traditional microbial detection methods suffer from several drawbacks such as long detection time, low sensitivity, and insufficient specificity. As an emerging fluorescent probe, carbon dots (CDs) [...] Read more.
Microbial imbalance and the spread of pathogenic microorganisms pose severe threats to human health and ecological security. Traditional microbial detection methods suffer from several drawbacks such as long detection time, low sensitivity, and insufficient specificity. As an emerging fluorescent probe, carbon dots (CDs) offer an innovative direction for microbial labeling and detection due to their ultra-small particle size, unique optical properties, excellent biocompatibility, and facile surface modifiability. Herein, this article reviews the research progress of CDs on microbial labeling and detection. The content covers a brief introduction of CDs and explores the main recognition strategies including non-covalent interactions and biomolecule-mediated targeted binding. It also elaborates on the application status of multi-modal sensing technologies for microbial detection, such as CDs-based fluorescent sensing, electrochemical sensing, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing. Additionally, the challenges faced in current research, such as achieving simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens and in vivo dynamic tracking, are analyzed, and the development prospects of CDs in fields like clinical diagnosis and public health monitoring are prospected. This review aims to provide comprehensive references for further research and application of CDs in the field of microbial detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensing and Diagnosis)
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18 pages, 4379 KB  
Review
Progress in Electrochemical and Fluorescence Sensors for Propyl Gallate Monitoring in Food Samples
by Khursheed Ahmad, Sanjeevamuthu Suganthi, Chellakannu Rajkumar, Shanmugam Vignesh, Rohit Kumar Singh Gautam and Tae Hwan Oh
Biosensors 2026, 16(2), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios16020070 - 24 Jan 2026
Viewed by 712
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed significant growth in the development of propyl gallate (PG) sensors. PG can be monitored by various approaches, such as electrochemical and fluorescence methods. The electrochemical approaches have several advantages, such as low cost, a benign fabrication process, and high [...] Read more.
Recent years have witnessed significant growth in the development of propyl gallate (PG) sensors. PG can be monitored by various approaches, such as electrochemical and fluorescence methods. The electrochemical approaches have several advantages, such as low cost, a benign fabrication process, and high sensitivity and selectivity. Similarly, the fluorescence method has its own advantages, including low cost, high sensitivity, and fast response. Both methods are promising approaches for the monitoring of PG compared to chromatographic methods. In this mini-review article, we review the progress in the preparation of materials for the determination of PG using electrochemical and fluorescence methods. The fabrication of electrodes and the working principle for PG detection are illustrated. The challenges and future perspectives for PG detection are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensing and Diagnosis)
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18 pages, 4901 KB  
Review
A Review of Current Developments in Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: From Synthesis to Biosensing Applications
by Jiaojiao Zhou, Chen Liu, Yujun Zhong, Zhihui Luo and Long Wu
Biosensors 2024, 14(12), 575; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14120575 - 27 Nov 2024
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 7091
Abstract
Functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been widely investigated in the fields of nanotechnology and material science, owing to their high surface area, diverse structure, controllable cavity, high biocompatibility, and ease of surface modification. In the past few years, great efforts have been [...] Read more.
Functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been widely investigated in the fields of nanotechnology and material science, owing to their high surface area, diverse structure, controllable cavity, high biocompatibility, and ease of surface modification. In the past few years, great efforts have been devoted to preparing functionalized MSNs for biosensing applications with satisfactory performance. The functional structure and composition in the synthesis of MSNs play important roles in high biosensing performance. With the development of material science, diverse functional units have been rationally incorporated into mesoporous structures, which endow MSNs with design flexibility and multifunctionality. Here, an overview of the recent developments of MSNs as nanocarriers is provided, including the methodologies for the preparation of MSNs and the nanostructures and physicochemical properties of MSNs, as well as the latest trends of MSNs and their use in biosensing. Finally, the prospects and challenges of MSNs are presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensing and Diagnosis)
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