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Biosensors
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Bio-Electric and Electrochemical Biosensors for Respiratory Viruses Detection
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Bio-Electric and Electrochemical Biosensors for Respiratory Viruses Detection

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor and Bioelectronic Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 11946

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Spyridon Kintzios

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Cell Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Interests: biosensors; biotechnology; cell culture; cell technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sofia Mavrikou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Food, Biotechnology and Development (TBA), Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
Interests: biosensors; pharmaceuticals; point-of-care systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The recent severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak emerged the need for the accurate and on-time identification of COVID-19 disease and other emerging viruses in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Thus, several analytical techniques were developed in order to enter the battle against viral spread. The gold standard test for detecting COVID-19 is real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This methodology is highly accurate, however it is laborious and requires highly trained users. Several rapid and cheap immuno-diagnostic tests have also been developed, but their results do not present high accuracy. Biosensors represent promising alternatives to the abovementioned technoloiges as they utilize chemical and physical bio-signals coupled to a chemo/physical transducer for converting a biorecognition event into a measurable signal in a rapid, very sensitive, and often non-invasive manner. Electrochemical biosensors display several advantages over the traditional spectroscopic methods, as they are cheap, easy to use, and applicable in on-site analyses with a minimum or no sample pretreatment. On the other hand, bioelectric biosensors measure the electric properties of biorecognition elements as a reflection of cellular, biological, and biomolecular functions offering multiple options of assay targets (molecules, cells, organs, and organisms) as well as methodological approaches (e.g., potentiometry, impedance spectrometry, and patch-clamp electrophysiology). This Special Issue will provide knowledge on research and development in the fields of bio-electric and electrochemical biosensors as analytical tools for the infection caused by SARS CoV-2 and related respiratory viruses. Research papers, short communications, and reviews are all welcome. If the author is interested in submitting a review, it would be helpful to discuss this with the guest-editor before submission.

Prof. Dr. Spyridon Kintzios
Dr. Sofia Mavrikou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • SARS CoV-2 and other emerging respiratory viruses
  • COVID-19 diagnostics
  • bioelectric profiling
  • biosensor
  • electrophysiology
  • impedance spectrometry
  • microsensors
  • nanosensors
  • potentiometry
  • signal transduction
  • electrochemical biosensors
  • immobilized bioreceptors
  • biorecognition kinetics
  • modified electrodes
  • nanomaterial
  • sample interference
  • clinical analysis

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2354 KiB  
Article
An Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Carboxylated Graphene/SPCE for IgG-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Determination
by Luciana de Souza Freire, Camila Macena Ruzo, Bárbara Batista Salgado, Ariamna María Dip Gandarilla, Yonny Romaguera-Barcelay, Ana P. M. Tavares, Maria Goreti Ferreira Sales, Isabelle Cordeiro, Jaila Dias Borges Lalwani, Robert Matos, Henrique Fonseca Filho, Spartaco Astolfi-Filho, Ştefan Ţălu, Pritesh Lalwani and Walter Ricardo Brito
Biosensors 2022, 12(12), 1161; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12121161 - 13 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2950
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the importance and urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tests for detecting and screening this infection. Our proposal was to develop a biosensor based on an ELISA immunoassay for monitoring antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in human serum samples. [...] Read more.
The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the importance and urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tests for detecting and screening this infection. Our proposal was to develop a biosensor based on an ELISA immunoassay for monitoring antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in human serum samples. The nucleocapsid protein (N protein) from SARS-CoV-2 was employed as a specific receptor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid immunoglobulin G. N protein was immobilized on the surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with carboxylated graphene (CG). The percentage of IgG-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid present was quantified using a secondary antibody labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (anti-IgG-HRP) catalyzed using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) mediator by chronoamperometry. A linear response was obtained in the range of 1:1000–1:200 v/v in phosphate buffer solution (PBS), and the detection limit calculated was 1:4947 v/v. The chronoamperometric method showed electrical signals directly proportional to antibody concentrations due to antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab) specific and stable binding reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Electric and Electrochemical Biosensors for Respiratory Viruses Detection)
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11 pages, 2312 KiB  
Article
SOI-FET Sensors with Dielectrophoretic Concentration of Viruses and Proteins
by Olga Naumova, Vladimir Generalov, Dmitry Shcherbakov, Elza Zaitseva, Yuriy Zhivodkov, Anton Kozhukhov, Alexander Latyshev, Alexander Aseev, Alexander Safatov, Galina Buryak, Anastasia Cheremiskina, Julia Merkuleva and Nadezhda Rudometova
Biosensors 2022, 12(11), 992; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12110992 - 8 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2027
Abstract
Quick label-free virus screening and highly sensitive analytical tools/techniques are becoming extremely important in a pandemic. In this study, we developed a biosensing device based on the silicon nanoribbon multichannel and dielectrophoretic controlled sensors functionalized with SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies for the use as [...] Read more.
Quick label-free virus screening and highly sensitive analytical tools/techniques are becoming extremely important in a pandemic. In this study, we developed a biosensing device based on the silicon nanoribbon multichannel and dielectrophoretic controlled sensors functionalized with SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies for the use as a platform for the detection and studding of properties of viruses and their protein components. Replicatively defective viral particles based on vesicular stomatitis viruses and HIV-1 were used as carrier molecules to deliver the target SARS-CoV-2 spike S-proteins to sensory elements. It was shown that fully CMOS-compatible nanoribbon sensors have the subattomolar sensitivity and dynamic range of 4 orders. Specific interaction between S-proteins and antibodies leads to the accumulation of the negative charge on the sensor surface. Nonspecific interactions of the viral particles lead to the positive charge accumulation. It was shown that dielectrophoretic controlled sensors allow to estimate the effective charge of the single virus at the sensor surface and separate it from the charge associated with the binding of target proteins with the sensor surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Electric and Electrochemical Biosensors for Respiratory Viruses Detection)
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Review

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21 pages, 4859 KiB  
Review
Portable Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Microcontrollers for Detection of Viruses: A Review
by Muhammad Afiq Abdul Ghani, Anis Nurashikin Nordin, Munirah Zulhairee, Adibah Che Mohamad Nor, Mohd Shihabuddin Ahmad Noorden, Muhammad Khairul Faisal Muhamad Atan, Rosminazuin Ab Rahim and Zainiharyati Mohd Zain
Biosensors 2022, 12(8), 666; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12080666 - 22 Aug 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5978
Abstract
With the rise of zoonotic diseases in recent years, there is an urgent need for improved and more accessible screening and diagnostic methods to mitigate future outbreaks. The recent COVID-19 pandemic revealed an over-reliance on RT-PCR, a slow, costly and lab-based method for [...] Read more.
With the rise of zoonotic diseases in recent years, there is an urgent need for improved and more accessible screening and diagnostic methods to mitigate future outbreaks. The recent COVID-19 pandemic revealed an over-reliance on RT-PCR, a slow, costly and lab-based method for diagnostics. To better manage the pandemic, a high-throughput, rapid point-of-care device is needed for early detection and isolation of patients. Electrochemical biosensors offer a promising solution, as they can be used to perform on-site tests without the need for centralized labs, producing high-throughput and accurate measurements compared to rapid test kits. In this work, we detail important considerations for the use of electrochemical biosensors for the detection of respiratory viruses. Methods of enhancing signal outputs via amplification of the analyte, biorecognition of elements and modification of the transducer are also explained. The use of portable potentiostats and microfluidics chambers that create a miniature lab are also discussed in detail as an alternative to centralized laboratory settings. The state-of-the-art usage of portable potentiostats for detection of viruses is also elaborated and categorized according to detection technique: amperometry, voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In terms of integration with microfluidics, RT-LAMP is identified as the preferred method for DNA amplification virus detection. RT-LAMP methods have shorter turnaround times compared to RT-PCR and do not require thermal cycling. Current applications of RT-LAMP for virus detection are also elaborated upon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Electric and Electrochemical Biosensors for Respiratory Viruses Detection)
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