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Recent Advances in g-C3N4-Based Photocatalysts
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Recent Advances in g-C3N4-Based Photocatalysts

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Photocatalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 3980

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Panagiotis Dallas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research, Athens 15341, Greece
Interests: photocatalysis; fluorescent materials; semiconductors; environmental science; nanomaterials
Dr. Christos Trapalis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research, 15341 Athens, Greece
Interests: graphene; photocatalysis; nanotechnology; 2D nanostructures; chemistry; energy & environmental applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Intensive research efforts are dedicated to the development of photocatalytic systems with respect to our increased awareness for environmental protection. Graphitic carbon nitride, g-C3N4, has emerged as a leading photocatalyst with excellent chemical and thermal stability and straightforward preparation methodologies that easily allow the synthesis of large quantities. As a photocatalyst, it has been applied for a series of environmental applications, including the degradation of pollutants, hydrogen evolution, carbon dioxide reduction and removal of nitrogen oxides.

In order to outline the major recent progress in the field, this Special Issue is mainly focusing on the following topics:

- Photocatalysis for CO2 reduction, NOX removal and H2 formation;

- Decomposition of organic micropollutants;

- Synthesis and characterization of heterojunction photocatalysts with improved performance;

- Structure–properties relation and evaluation οf optimum composition;

- Water treatment and decontamination.

If you would like to submit papers to this Special Issue or have any questions, please contact the editor, Mr. Ives Liu ([email protected]).

Dr. Panagiotis Dallas
Dr. Christos Trapalis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • photocatalysis
  • carbon dioxide reduction
  • g-C3N4
  • reactive oxygen species
  • nitrogen oxides

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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18 pages, 3973 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Polymerization Atmosphere on the Microstructure and Photocatalytic Properties of Fe-Doped g-C3N4 Nanosheets
by Xiaoyu Peng, Xiufang Chen, Rui Pang, Lanlan Cheng, Fengtao Chen and Wangyang Lu
Catalysts 2024, 14(8), 520; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14080520 - 11 Aug 2024
Viewed by 465
Abstract
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS, SO52−)-based oxidation is an efficient pathway for degrading organic pollutants, but it still suffers from slow degradation efficiency and low PMS utilization. In this work, we report the preparation of porous Fe-doped g-C3N4 catalysts by [...] Read more.
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS, SO52−)-based oxidation is an efficient pathway for degrading organic pollutants, but it still suffers from slow degradation efficiency and low PMS utilization. In this work, we report the preparation of porous Fe-doped g-C3N4 catalysts by one-step thermal polymerization using urea and transition metal salts as precursors and investigate the effect of atmosphere conditions (air and nitrogen) on the catalytic performance. Systematic characterizations show that Fe-doped g-C3N4 prepared in air (FeNx-CNO) has a larger specific surface area (136.2 m2 g−1) and more oxygen vacancies than that prepared in N2 (FeNx-CNN, 74.2 m2 g−1), giving it more active sites to participate in the reaction. Meanwhile, FeNx-CNO inhibits the recombination of photogenerated carriers and improves the light utilization. The redox cycling of Fe(III) and Fe(II) species in the photocatalytic system ensures the continuous generation of SO5•− and SO4•−. Therefore, FeNx-CNO can remove CBZ up to 96% within 20 min, which is 3.4 times higher than that of CNO and 3.1 times higher than that of FeNx-CNN, and the degradation efficiency can still retain 93% after 10 cycles of reaction. This study provides an economical and efficient method for photocatalysis in the degradation of medicines in contaminated water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in g-C3N4-Based Photocatalysts)
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13 pages, 6214 KiB  
Article
Polymeric Carbon Nitride-CNTs-Ferric Oxide All-Solid Z-Scheme Heterojunction with Improved Photocatalytic Activity towards Organic Dye Removal
by Xinxin Yang, Rongcai Gong, Zhaocen Dong, Guiqing Liu, Yunyi Han, Yuwei Hou, Yanjun Li, Meili Guan, Xuezhong Gong and Jianguo Tang
Catalysts 2024, 14(8), 516; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14080516 - 9 Aug 2024
Viewed by 279
Abstract
Polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) is a kind of polymeric semiconductor that is widely popular in photocatalysis-related energy and environmental fields. However, the photocatalytic activity is still limited due to its poor conductivity and low charge separation efficiency. In this work, benzene rings were [...] Read more.
Polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) is a kind of polymeric semiconductor that is widely popular in photocatalysis-related energy and environmental fields. However, the photocatalytic activity is still limited due to its poor conductivity and low charge separation efficiency. In this work, benzene rings were introduced to adjust the electronic structure of PCN, and then a PCN-based all-solid Z-scheme heterojunction was fabricated by combing multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and ferric oxide through precipitation and the in situ deposit method. Upon optimizing the ratio between PCN, CNTs, and Fe2O3, (PCN:CNTs:Fe2O3 = 10:1:3 by weight), the composites expressed superior photocatalytic degradation activity towards methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) compared with pristine PCN and Fe2O3. The MB degradation percentage achieved 90% in 75 min, and the CV up to 99.6% within 50 min. The Z-scheme mechanism was verified by band alignment and metal selective deposition. The CNTs in the heterojunction played the role of an electron shuttling mediator and hence improved charge separation efficiency. This work provides ideas for the construction of polymer-inorganic all-solid Z-scheme photocatalysts for practical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in g-C3N4-Based Photocatalysts)
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16 pages, 7610 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2-Based Coatings by the Addition of Exfoliated g-C3N4
by Ilias Papailias, Nadia Todorova, Tatiana Giannakopoulou, Niki Plakantonaki, Michail Vagenas, Panagiotis Dallas, George C. Anyfantis, Ioannis Arabatzis and Christos Trapalis
Catalysts 2024, 14(5), 333; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14050333 - 20 May 2024
Viewed by 806
Abstract
In the last few years, increasing interest from researchers and companies has been shown in the development of photocatalytic coatings for air purification and self-cleaning applications. In order to maintain the photocatalyst’s concentration as low as possible, highly active materials and/or combinations of [...] Read more.
In the last few years, increasing interest from researchers and companies has been shown in the development of photocatalytic coatings for air purification and self-cleaning applications. In order to maintain the photocatalyst’s concentration as low as possible, highly active materials and/or combinations of them are required. In this work, novel photocatalytic formulations containing g-C3N4/TiO2 composites were prepared and deposited in the form of coatings on a-block substrates. The obtained photocatalytic surfaces were tested for NOx and acetaldehyde removal from model air. It was found that the addition of only 0.5 wt% g-C3N4 towards TiO2 content results in over 50% increase in the photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation in comparison to pure TiO2 coating, while the activity under UV light was not affected. The result was related to the creation of a g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction that improves the light absorption and the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, as well as to the inhibition of TiO2 particles’ agglomeration due to the presence of g-C3N4 sheets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in g-C3N4-Based Photocatalysts)
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15 pages, 4670 KiB  
Article
Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Oxidation and Detoxification of Simulated Agricultural Wastewater Contaminated with Boscalid Fungicide Using g-C3N4 Catalyst
by Maria Antonopoulou, Anna Tzamaria, Kleopatra Miserli, Christos Lykos and Ioannis Konstantinou
Catalysts 2024, 14(2), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14020112 - 31 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1121
Abstract
In the present study, the photocatalytic oxidation and detoxification of aqueous matrices contaminated with boscalid using g-C3N4 catalyst and UV-A light was investigated. The UV-A/g-C3N4 process was found to achieve higher than 83% removal of boscalid in [...] Read more.
In the present study, the photocatalytic oxidation and detoxification of aqueous matrices contaminated with boscalid using g-C3N4 catalyst and UV-A light was investigated. The UV-A/g-C3N4 process was found to achieve higher than 83% removal of boscalid in both matrices, with h+ and O2•− being the main species. UHPLC-HRMS analysis allowed the identification of five TPs, while the main degradation pathways involved hydroxylation, cyclization, and dechlorination. Scenedesmus rubescens microalgae species was exposed to boscalid solutions and lake water spiked with the fungicide before the photocatalytic treatment and inhibition in the growth rate was observed. An increase in the toxicity was also observed during the first stages of the treatment. The results from the in silico study correlate with the observed evolution of ecotoxicity during the application of the process, as some of the identified TPs were found to be toxic or very toxic for aquatic organisms. However, prolonged application of the process can lead to detoxification. It was also observed that the g-C3N4 catalyst can retain its photochemical stability and activity after at least three cycles. However, a slight decrease in the activity was observed when repeated another two times. This study demonstrated that the suggested photocatalytic process can both decrease the harmful effects of boscalid as well as effectively lower its concentration in water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in g-C3N4-Based Photocatalysts)
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