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Catalysts
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Porous Materials in Catalysis
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Porous Materials in Catalysis

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2018) | Viewed by 19763

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ignacio V. Melián Cabrera

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
European Bio-energy Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
Interests: catalysis; micro- and mesoporous materials; bio-energy; process technology
Prof. Dr. Norikazu Nishiyama

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
Interests: zeolite membrane; carbon membrane; adsorbents; zeolite catalysts
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is an ever-increasing demand to catalyze reactions with optimal porosity and functional groups. This is a crucial aspect of heterogeneous catalysis of porous solids. Porosity is a general concept that has different meanings depending on the context. Optimal porosity offers many challenges; in particular, to couple the required porosity with the reactions conditions to perform the desired transformation. A number of porous materials have been identified as heterogeneous catalysts, such as microporous compounds (zeolites, MOFs and zeotypes), mesoporous and macroporous materials (such as mesostructured silicas, mesoporous zeolites, aluminas, among others). These materials, in combination with additional functionalities, can be employed to catalyze transformations of existing petrochemical feedstocks, and more recently, have opened new routes of sustainable feedstocks, mostly from biomass.

The aim of this Special Issue is to cover promising research and novel trends in the field of porous materials in catalysis; in particular, looking into the role of the prosody on activity, selectivity, and stability of petrochemical- or bio-based transformations. This will provide an understanding of the role of porosity with the reactions conditions and feedstock.

Prof. Dr. Ignacio V. Melián Cabrera
Prof. Dr. Norikazu Nishiyama
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Zeolites
  • MOF
  • mesoporous Materials
  • zeotypes

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 6913 KiB  
Article
Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Liquefied Petroleum Gas on Copper, Zinc and Iron Oxide Impregnated on MFI Zeolite Assisted by Electric Power
by Amin Alamdari and Ramin Karimzadeh
Catalysts 2018, 8(7), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8070270 - 30 Jun 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4365
Abstract
Olefin was produced with a non-conventional method using an electric field exerted on zeolites. The lattice oxygen mobility increases with a decrease in band gap, leading to an increase in olefin yield. By impregnating the transition metal, an increase in carrier concentration occurs. [...] Read more.
Olefin was produced with a non-conventional method using an electric field exerted on zeolites. The lattice oxygen mobility increases with a decrease in band gap, leading to an increase in olefin yield. By impregnating the transition metal, an increase in carrier concentration occurs. The external electric field changes the Fermi level. In this research, HZSM-5 was placed in an external DC electric field with strength appropriate for studying its catalytic performance. The Fermi level changed with the metal type and the external electric field. The increase in permittivity with temperature extracts higher energy from the external electric field. In catalytic reactions assisted by the external DC electric field, at 510 °C, the yield was approximately equal to the yield in a conventional reaction at 650 °C. With regard to TGA, in the catalytic reaction assisted by the external DC electric field, the produced coke declined. The results showed that the maximum yield value (50.54%) and conversion (92.81%) were be obtained at 650 °C with an input electrical current of 12 mA, a gap distance of 10 mm and a metal loading of 4 wt. % over FeHZSM-5. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porous Materials in Catalysis)
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8 pages, 1477 KiB  
Article
Effects of Mesopore Internal Surfaces on the Structure of Immobilized Pd-Bisphosphine Complexes Analyzed by Variable-Temperature XAFS and Their Catalytic Performances
by Ken Motokura, Takuma Fukuda, Yohei Uemura, Daiju Matsumura, Marika Ikeda, Masayuki Nambo and Wang-Jae Chun
Catalysts 2018, 8(3), 106; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8030106 - 9 Mar 2018
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3596
Abstract
In this study, mesoporous and nonporous silica-supported Pd complexes were synthesized and characterized. Variable-temperature XAFS measurements and a curve-fitting analysis showed a slightly larger contribution of σ2static when the Pd complexes were on a nonporous support in comparison to a mesoporous [...] Read more.
In this study, mesoporous and nonporous silica-supported Pd complexes were synthesized and characterized. Variable-temperature XAFS measurements and a curve-fitting analysis showed a slightly larger contribution of σ2static when the Pd complexes were on a nonporous support in comparison to a mesoporous support. In contrast, the catalytic performance of the attached Pd complex in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction was not affected by such small differences in the static disorder of the Pd complex. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porous Materials in Catalysis)
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16 pages, 4414 KiB  
Article
Co-Processing of Jatropha-Derived Bio-Oil with Petroleum Distillates over Mesoporous CoMo and NiMo Sulfide Catalysts
by Shih-Yuan Chen, Masayasu Nishi, Takehisa Mochizuki, Hideyuki Takagi, Akira Takatsuki, Wuttichai Roschat, Makoto Toba and Yuji Yoshimura
Catalysts 2018, 8(2), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8020059 - 2 Feb 2018
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 5285
Abstract
The co-processing of an unconventional type of Jatropha bio-oil with petroleum distillates over mesoporous alumina-supported CoMo and NiMo sulfide catalysts (denoted CoMo/γ-Al2O3 and NiMo/γ-Al2O3) was studied. Either a stainless-steel high-pressure batch-type reactor or an up-flow fixed-bed [...] Read more.
The co-processing of an unconventional type of Jatropha bio-oil with petroleum distillates over mesoporous alumina-supported CoMo and NiMo sulfide catalysts (denoted CoMo/γ-Al2O3 and NiMo/γ-Al2O3) was studied. Either a stainless-steel high-pressure batch-type reactor or an up-flow fixed-bed reaction system was used under severe reaction conditions (330–350 °C and 5–7 MPa), similar to the conditions of the conventional diesel hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process. To understand the catalytic performance of the mesoporous sulfide catalysts for co-processing, we prepared two series of oil feedstocks. First, model diesel oils, consisting of hydrocarbons and model molecules with various heteroatoms (sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen) were used for the study of the reaction mechanisms. Secondly, low-grade oil feedstocks, which were prepared by dissolving of an unconventional type of Jatropha bio-oil (ca. 10 wt %) in the petroleum distillates, were used to study the practical application of the catalysts. Surface characterization by gas sorption, spectroscopy, and electron microscopy indicated that the CoMo/γ-Al2O3 sulfide catalyst, which has a larger number of acidic sites and coordinatively unsaturated sites (CUS) on the mesoporous alumina framework, was associated with small Co-incorporated MoS2-like slabs with high stacking numbers and many active sites at the edges and corners. In contrast, the NiMo/γ-Al2O3 sulfide catalyst, which had a lower number of acidic sites and CUS on mesoporous alumina framework, was associated with large Ni-incorporated MoS2-like slabs with smaller stacking numbers, yielding more active sites at the brims and corresponding to high hydrogenation (HYD) activity. Concerning the catalytic performance, the mesoporous CoMo/γ-Al2O3 sulfide catalyst with large CUS number was highly active for the conventional diesel HDS process; unfortunately, it was deactivated when oxygen- and nitrogen-containing model molecules or Jatropha bio-oil were present in the oil feedstock. In contrast, the mesoporous NiMo/γ-Al2O3 sulfide catalyst, which had a high HYD activity and low affinity for heteroatoms, was efficient in the simultaneous removal of those heteroatoms from model diesel oils, and, in particular, Jatropha bio-oil co-fed with petroleum distillates. This could allow the production of a drop-in diesel-like fuel, which would be a greener fuel and reduce the CO2 emissions and hazardous exhaust gases produced by the transport sector, reducing the burden on the environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porous Materials in Catalysis)
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17 pages, 6611 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Application of Cerium-Incorporated SBA-16 Supported Ni-Based Oxygen Carrier in Cyclic Chemical Looping Steam Methane Reforming
by Maryam Meshksar, Mohammad Reza Rahimpour, Sanaz Daneshmand-Jahromi and Ali Hafizi
Catalysts 2018, 8(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8010018 - 10 Jan 2018
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 4930
Abstract
Hydrogen, as a clean energy carrier, could be produced aided by cyclic oxidation-reduction of oxygen carriers (OCs) in contact with carbonaceous fuel in chemical looping steam methane reforming (CL-SMR) process. In this study, the cerium was incorporated into the SBA-16 support structure to [...] Read more.
Hydrogen, as a clean energy carrier, could be produced aided by cyclic oxidation-reduction of oxygen carriers (OCs) in contact with carbonaceous fuel in chemical looping steam methane reforming (CL-SMR) process. In this study, the cerium was incorporated into the SBA-16 support structure to synthesize the Ni/Ce-SBA-16 OC. The supports were synthesized using hydrothermal method followed by impregnation of Ni and characterized via low and wide angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and transmission electron micrograph (TEM) techniques. In addition, the effect of various Si/Ce molar ratios (20–60) in the support structure, Ni loading (10–30 wt %), reaction temperature (500–750 °C), and life time of optimal oxygen carrier over 16 cycles were investigated. The results of wide angle XRD and SEM revealed that the incorporation of CeO2 in the channels of SBA-16 caused the formation of nickel metallic particles with smaller size and prevents the coke formation. The results showed that OC with 15 wt % Ni and Si/Ce molar ratio of 40 (15Ni/Ce-SBA-16(40)) has the best performance when compared with other OCs in terms of catalytic activity and structural properties. The methane conversion of about 99.7% was achieved at 700 °C using 15Ni/Ce-SBA-16(40) OC. We anticipate that the strategy can be extended to investigate a variety of novel modified mesoporous silica as the supporting material for the Ni based OCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porous Materials in Catalysis)
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