Allergic Airway Disease: Immunology, Pathogenesis, Inflammation

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 October 2024 | Viewed by 1407

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Guest Editor
Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
Interests: rhinitis; asthma; allergy; clinical immunology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Allergic airway diseases are common diseases in the general population causing a high negative impact on their lives. A call for further understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases is needed in order to disentangle the underlying role of possible biomarkers. This could lead to the identification of treatable traits that modern pharmacology could exploit in order to provide treatments which comply with the principles of precision medicine.

Dr. Luisa Ricciardi
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 6663 KiB  
Article
Cytological Study of Topical Effect of Azelastine Hydrochloride on the Nasal Mucous Membrane Cells in Various Nasal Rhinitis Types
by Ewa Trybus, Wojciech Trybus and Teodora Król
Cells 2023, 12(23), 2697; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12232697 - 24 Nov 2023
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Abstract
Previous reports on the benefits of using local therapy with azelastine in rhinitis focus on the assessment of clinical symptoms and the analysis of nasal lavage for the presence of inflammatory cells and the expression of adhesion molecules. Little attention has been paid [...] Read more.
Previous reports on the benefits of using local therapy with azelastine in rhinitis focus on the assessment of clinical symptoms and the analysis of nasal lavage for the presence of inflammatory cells and the expression of adhesion molecules. Little attention has been paid to studies assessing the effect of azelastine on individual cytotypes of the nasal mucosa, especially epithelial cells, also in the context of inducing morphological changes. The aim of this study was the cytological analysis of swabs taken from the surface of the nasal mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic/vasomotor rhinitis (NAR/VMR) who were subjected to 4 weeks of therapy with azelastine and then comparing the obtained results with the pre-treatment condition. The technique of obtaining materials for cytoanalysis included sampling, staining of smears, microscopic analysis, and preparation of cytograms. Our studies confirmed the therapeutic benefits of azelastine in both study groups. Significant changes were demonstrated, confirming the regeneration of ciliated cells and the induction of autophagy and apoptosis in epithelial cells. Such changes indicate new mechanisms of action of azelastine, which play a significant role in restoring homeostasis in the nasal mucosa. The presented research also results in a detailed description of cytological changes in both studied rhinitis types, which complements the knowledge regarding prognostic indicators. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Allergic Airway Disease: Immunology, Pathogenesis, Inflammation)
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