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Therapeutic Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds in the Management of Human Diseases: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 1509

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
Interests: human physiology; cell physiology; membrane transport systems; bioactive compound; oxidative stress; human health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue, entitled “Therapeutic Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds in the Management of Human Diseases: 2nd Edition”, welcomes high-quality research articles and review articles focusing on targets and molecular mechanisms underlying several common pathological conditions related to increased oxidative stress and inflammatory processes and their possible modulation through natural bioactive compounds. Recently, these molecules have attracted considerable attention due to their potential employment as low-toxicity therapies that can prevent or reduce chronic disease-induced damage or restore damaged cells.

The extraordinary activity of functional bioactives is displayed via their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycant properties, which collectively provide a potential new strategy in the management of several pathological conditions (e.g., diabetes, obesity, and rheumatic and neurodegenerative diseases, among others). Understanding the molecular and functional mechanisms and/or pathways through which these substances may support human health remains an open question worth exploring. From this perspective, studies using animal, as well as cell-based models, are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Rossana Morabito
Dr. Sara Spinelli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • natural bioactive compound
  • human health
  • chronic diseases
  • molecular target
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation
  • cancer
  • diabetes

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 8897 KB  
Article
Chemical Composition of Clove and Fennel Seed Essential Oils and a Comparison of Their In Silico and In Vitro Antibacterial Activity with That of Their Main Compounds
by Achraf Abdou, Fatima Ezzahra Maaghloud, Fatima Zahra Kamal, Said Rammali, Alin Ciobica, Vasile Burlui, Cristina Albert, Abdelhakim Elmakssoudi, Bogdan Novac and Mohamed Dakir
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(9), 694; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47090694 - 27 Aug 2025
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Abstract
This study aimed to assess the chemical composition and antibacterial potential of essential oils (EOs) from two plants: clove buds (Syzygium aromaticum) and fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare) EOs. The major compounds, eugenol and estragole, were isolated from these oils [...] Read more.
This study aimed to assess the chemical composition and antibacterial potential of essential oils (EOs) from two plants: clove buds (Syzygium aromaticum) and fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare) EOs. The major compounds, eugenol and estragole, were isolated from these oils and tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The EOs were obtained via hydrodistillation and analyzed using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Clove oil was found to be rich in eugenol (68.51%), while fennel seed oil was dominated by estragole (93.30%). Antibacterial activity, assessed by the agar disc diffusion method and supported by MIC/MBC testing, revealed that eugenol exhibited the highest efficacy, with MIC values ranging from 0.58 to 1.15 mg/mL and MBC values from 1.15 to 2.30 mg/mL, particularly against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. In silico analysis was conducted to evaluate pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and molecular docking interactions. ADME predictions indicated good oral bioavailability and high membrane permeability for both compounds, with eugenol displaying superior solubility and better compliance with Lipinski’s Rule of Five. Molecular docking simulations confirmed the antibacterial potential, with eugenol showing stronger binding affinities to bacterial targets (−7.8 kcal/mol), forming more stable and diverse interactions compared to estragole. However, toxicity predictions indicated potential mutagenic, carcinogenic, and cardiotoxic (hERG inhibition) risks for both compounds. Full article
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12 pages, 2366 KB  
Brief Report
Effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Extracts on Odontoblast Differentiation in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
by Hye-Ock Jang, Ji-Min Ju, Soo-Kyung Bae, Da-Sol Kim and Hyung-Ryong Kim
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(10), 805; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47100805 - 1 Oct 2025
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Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (E. ulmoides), a traditional medicinal plant, has been widely used for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effects on dental tissue regeneration remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the odontogenic potential of E. ulmoides extract [...] Read more.
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (E. ulmoides), a traditional medicinal plant, has been widely used for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effects on dental tissue regeneration remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the odontogenic potential of E. ulmoides extract in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and antioxidant activity was evaluated via the DPPH radical scavenging method. Odontoblast differentiation was examined using Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining, real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis of key differentiation markers, including dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). Our results demonstrated that E. ulmoides extract enhanced mineralization and upregulated both gene and protein expression of odontoblast differentiation markers in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, signaling pathway analysis revealed that E. ulmoides extract activated the SMAD pathway while downregulating ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation during odontogenic differentiation. These findings suggest that E. ulmoides extract promotes odontoblast differentiation in hDPSCs and may serve as a promising natural agent for dental tissue regeneration. These findings further underscore its potential clinical relevance as a therapeutic candidate to enhance dental tissue repair and regeneration. Full article
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