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Molecular Mechanisms of the Neuro-Musculoskeletal System

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2026 | Viewed by 870

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil
Interests: nuclear domain; sarcomere; telocyte; muscle-tendon perimeter; aquatic training; joint immobilization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The musculoskeletal system contains two microscopic junctions that are essential for skeletal muscle function: the myotendinous and the neuromuscular junction. These junctions play key roles in force transmission and muscle contraction and can be affected by direct and indirect stimuli, which compromise their plasticity, organization, and structural integrity. The neuromuscular junction is where communication occurs between the peripheral nervous system and muscle fibers. It is vital for the transmission of nerve impulses and the release of neurotransmitters. In contrast, the myotendinous junction consists of sarcoplasmic evaginations and invaginations, and is the main region of force transmission within the locomotor apparatus that exhibits high plasticity. Preserving the integrity of these junctions is crucial for maintaining muscle function and overall locomotor health.

This Special Issue aims to expand knowledge and present original research regarding the mechanism, morphology, and molecular aspects of neuromuscular and myotendinous junctions, considering the effects of neurodegenerative diseases and protocols that aim to explore the adaptations of these regions, affected directly and indirectly. In addition, studies that address therapeutic methodologies in the face of protocols in experimental models and in humans that contribute through preventive or healing methods to their remodeling, such as physical exercise.

Dr. Adriano Polican Ciena
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • morphology
  • molecular biology
  • microscopy
  • neuromuscular junction
  • myotendinous junction

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2316 KB  
Article
Changes in the Structure of the Neuromuscular Junction and Muscle Fiber Types Following an Acute Injury Model Induced by Eccentric Contraction
by Mariana Baptista, Jurandyr Pimentel Neto, Matheus Bertanha Fior, Isabella Gomes and Adriano Polican Ciena
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2026, 48(3), 325; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48030325 - 19 Mar 2026
Viewed by 487
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is responsible for transmitting neural signals that trigger muscle contraction. Muscle injuries cause damage to cellular structures and trigger local inflammatory processes. In this context, eccentric contraction was used as an experimental model because it involves excessive stretching, generating [...] Read more.
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is responsible for transmitting neural signals that trigger muscle contraction. Muscle injuries cause damage to cellular structures and trigger local inflammatory processes. In this context, eccentric contraction was used as an experimental model because it involves excessive stretching, generating mechanical stress. Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were distributed into groups: Control (C) (n = 5) and Injury (I) (n = 20). The protocol was performed on a treadmill and consisted of 18 sets/5 min/16 m/min speed, with intervals, and with a negative incline (−16º). The analyses consisted of histochemical techniques, such as myofibrillar ATPase and immunofluorescence (calcium channels, synaptophysin and α-bungarotoxin). Group I-0H showed alterations in the presynaptic region and an increase in Type I fibers. I-24H presented disorganization in the postsynaptic region. In I-4D, we observed the reorganization of neuromuscular activity, while I-7D presented greater density and cross-sectional area (CSA) of Type II fibers. It is concluded that the protocol promotes changes in NMJ structure and fiber distribution, mainly in I-24H. In I-4d, a reorganization of neuromuscular activity is observed, and in I-7D, a structural indicator consistent with recovery demonstrates the skeletal muscle’s ability to adapt to injury. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of the Neuro-Musculoskeletal System)
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