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Molecular Mechanism and Advances in Gynecological Pathology: From Bench to Bedside

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 629

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania ‘L. Vanvitelli’, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: molecular biology, genetics, and computational biology; genetic mutations in infertility and cancer; trace element analysis in health; machine learning for protein and disease modeling; personalized medicine and diagnostics; environmental impacts on health; innovations in genomics, biomedicine, and environmental health; genetics; cell biology; molecular biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gynecological pathologies, which include both malignant and benign conditions, represent a significant burden on women's health globally. Recent advancements in molecular research have provided unprecedented insights into the genetic, epigenetic, and cellular mechanisms underlying these diseases. This Special Issue, "Molecular Mechanism and Advances in Gynecological Pathology: From Bench to Bedside", aims to showcase cutting-edge research that explores the molecular basis of gynecological diseases, including, but not limited to, ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and vulvar cancers, as well as benign conditions such as endometriosis and fibroids. We invite original research articles, reviews, and clinical studies that focus on:

  • The identification of novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Genetic and epigenetic alterations driving disease progression.
  • The role of the tumor microenvironment and immune response in gynecological pathologies.
  • Development of targeted therapies and personalized treatment strategies.
  • Molecular insights into drug resistance and therapeutic challenges.

By bringing together different perspectives, this Special Issue will contribute to a deeper understanding of gynecological diseases and pave the way for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Dr. Ahsanullah Unar
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Issues in Molecular Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gynecological cancers
  • molecular pathology
  • biomarkers
  • genetic alterations
  • epigenetics
  • tumor microenvironment
  • personalized medicine
  • targeted therapy
  • endometriosis
  • ovarian cancer

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1007 KB  
Article
Integrating Molecular Diagnostics into Cervical Cancer Screening: A Workflow Using FFPE Tissue Samples
by Serena Varesano, Giulia Ciccarese, Paola Parente, Michele Paudice, Katia Mazzocco, Simone Ferrero and Valerio Gaetano Vellone
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(9), 679; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47090679 - 24 Aug 2025
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Abstract
Cervical cancer screening plays a crucial role in preventing invasive disease through early detection of high-grade lesions. However, traditional cytology and histology often fail to reliably differentiate between transient HPV infections and those likely to progress. This study investigates the feasibility of integrating [...] Read more.
Cervical cancer screening plays a crucial role in preventing invasive disease through early detection of high-grade lesions. However, traditional cytology and histology often fail to reliably differentiate between transient HPV infections and those likely to progress. This study investigates the feasibility of integrating molecular HPV testing into histopathological workflows using FFPE tissue samples to improve diagnostic precision. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 55 FFPE cervical specimens from patients undergoing colposcopy with biopsy or conization. The workflow included automated DNA extraction and real-time PCR-based HPV genotyping with the Seegene Anyplex II HPV28 assay. HPV DNA was detected in 56.4% of samples, with 21 genotypes, including multiple high-risk types. High viral loads correlated with high-grade lesions, supporting the clinical value of HPV quantification. Compared to histology, molecular analysis reduced potential overdiagnosis by confirming HPV absence in morphologically suspicious but HPV-negative lesions. Integrating viral load and genotyping improved risk stratification, optimizing colposcopy referrals and reducing unnecessary follow-ups. This study introduces a novel, fully automated molecular workflow applicable to FFPE samples, enhancing cervical cancer screening beyond traditional methods. Although based on a limited sample, the findings support the method’s potential for broader implementation and further validation in multicenter settings. Full article
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Review

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17 pages, 534 KB  
Review
Homologous Recombination Proficiency in High-Grade Serous Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Tumors: The Dark Side of the Moon
by Marina Pavanello, Carolina Martins Vieira, Martina Parenza Arenhardt and Angelica Nogueira-Rodrigues
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(9), 702; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47090702 (registering DOI) - 1 Sep 2025
Abstract
Extensive research on homologous-recombination-deficient (HRD) tumors has led to advancements in targeted therapies, such as PARP inhibitors (PARPis). Around 50% of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cases exhibit HR deficiency, but understanding the remaining half, referred to as homologous-recombination-proficient (HRP) tumors, is limited. [...] Read more.
Extensive research on homologous-recombination-deficient (HRD) tumors has led to advancements in targeted therapies, such as PARP inhibitors (PARPis). Around 50% of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cases exhibit HR deficiency, but understanding the remaining half, referred to as homologous-recombination-proficient (HRP) tumors, is limited. This review explores existing knowledge regarding HGSOC patients with HRP tumors and offers insights into potential targets for innovative treatments. Patients with HRP tumors do not experience the same benefits from PARPi and have poorer survival outcomes compared to those with HRD tumors. CCNE1 amplification is a common, well-established molecular feature in HGSOC HRP tumors, occurring in about 20% of cases. Targeting CCNE1 amplification and/or overexpression shows promise with emerging therapies like CDK2 or Wee1 inhibitors. Additionally, approaches using immunotherapy and antibody–drug conjugates could represent promising targets for HRP patients. This review also covers lesser-known molecular features in HRP tumors, such as fold-back inversions and CARM1 amplification and/or overexpression, as well as HRD tumors that acquire HR proficiency (BRCA1/2 reversion mutations, demethylation of BRCA1 and RAD51C). We also discuss controversial topics regarding HRP tumors and limitations of HRD detection. Addressing this need is critical to reduce toxicity and improve disease management. Full article
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