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Nanostructured Materials Deposition Techniques and Characterization
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Nanostructured Materials Deposition Techniques and Characterization

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 5270

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Virginia Dinca

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Department of Physics, Ovidius University of Constanta, Mamaia Av. No 124, 900527 Constanta, Romania
Interests: thin films; materials characterization; plasma vacuum deposition techniques; surface measurements
Dr. Aurelia Mandes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Department of Physics, Ovidius University of Constanta, Mamaia Av. No 124, 900527 Constanta, Romania
Interests: thin films; mechanical characterization; plasma deposition techniques

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is focused on contributions related to the most current results obtained from nanocomposite coatings development, processing–structure–property–performance relationships and specific applications. Thin film nanocomposites technology represents a field with a wide range of applications such as protective coatings in mechanical, optical, biomedical, thermal and electronics.

With nanocomposites thin films, the results should showcase leading cutting-edge data about the growth mechanism that should be described considering the conditions for the formation of thin films. The characterization techniques used for the characterization of chemical composition, morphology, stress, and electrical conductivity should be described along with their principle.

This Special Issue will be an overview of the characterization and applications of the nanocomposites thin films by using different methods for synthesis. The topics of interest include but are not limited to:

  • Plasma films deposition, technology and applications;
  • Preparation by vacuum deposition techniques;
  • Thin films synthesis;
  • Surfaces and interfaces characterization;
  • Nanostructured thin films.

Dr. Virginia Dinca
Dr. Aurelia Mandes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thin film applications
  • surfaces and interfaces
  • nanofilms deposition techniques

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3576 KiB  
Article
Nickel Coatings on Ceramic Materials Using Different Diffusion Techniques
by Mala M. Sharma, Amanda M. Stutzman, Jeremy M. Schreiber, Douglas E. Wolfe and Timothy J. Eden
Coatings 2023, 13(12), 2072; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13122072 - 12 Dec 2023
Viewed by 830
Abstract
Diffusion bonding is a process that has proven effective for the joining of metal to ceramic, but the differences in coefficient of thermal expansion still pose challenges during and after the bonding process. This work details the exploration of traditional diffusion-bonding processes using [...] Read more.
Diffusion bonding is a process that has proven effective for the joining of metal to ceramic, but the differences in coefficient of thermal expansion still pose challenges during and after the bonding process. This work details the exploration of traditional diffusion-bonding processes using two traditional approaches, which include bonding of a 99.9+% pure Ni foil to SiC, Si3N4, and YSZ disks using (1) a hot isostatic press (HIP), with and without added weight to promote interfacial contact, and (2) field-assisted sintering (FAST). Samples were consolidated by heating to 1200 °C and held for 6 h under vacuum before cooling to room temperature during the HIP method. For the FAST technique, bonding experiments were performed at both 800 °C and 1200 °C in a vacuum environment under 10 MPa uniaxial pressure. After the Ni was bonded to the ceramics, diffusion heat treatments were carried out in the HIP. For electroless-plated samples, the heat-treatment temperature was chosen as 825 °C to avoid melting. For electroplated samples, heat treatment occurred at 925 °C or higher. Electroplated YSZ samples were heat-treated at 1150 °C as the Ni-Si eutectic is not a concern in this system. The time at temperature varied from 6 h to 48 h depending on the material combination tested. Post-heat-treatment diffusion characteristics were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). A main cause of poor bonding performance in the HIP samples was reduced interfacial contact, while cohesive failures in the FAST samples are likely due to the formation of brittle intermetallic Ni-Si phases. Preliminary results indicate success in bonding Ni to SiC, Si3N4, and YSZ using a diffusion-enhanced approach on electroplated specimens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials Deposition Techniques and Characterization)
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17 pages, 42229 KiB  
Article
Design and Preparation of Anti-Reflection Nanoarray Structure on the Surface of Space Solar Cell Glass Cover
by Guanglu Zhang, Jindong Huang, Luoshu Wang, Zhenbo Geng, Dequan Zhang and Juncheng Liu
Coatings 2023, 13(6), 1092; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061092 - 13 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1128
Abstract
Space solar cell glass covers require high radiation resistance and wide-spectrum high light transmittance. The existing research on the preparation of thin films or special optical structures on the surface of solar cells rarely involves systematic research and the precise control of the [...] Read more.
Space solar cell glass covers require high radiation resistance and wide-spectrum high light transmittance. The existing research on the preparation of thin films or special optical structures on the surface of solar cells rarely involves systematic research and the precise control of the high transmittance structural parameters of specific spectral bands by glass covers. Nanoarray structures were designed and constructed on high-purity quartz glass covers, achieving high anti-reflection within the 350–1100 nm range, the high energy part of the solar spectrum on Mars, regardless of the preparation of antireflective film and its radiation resistance. First, G-Solver software package was used to establish a nanoarray structure model according to the equivalent medium theory, and the effects of structural parameters such as the grating period, grating depth, and duty cycle on the glass cover transmittance were investigated. The results show that when the grating period is 50–200 nm, the transmittance ranges from 97.8% to 99.9%. When the grating period further increases from 300 nm, the lowest point of the transmittance spectrum moves to the longwave direction, and the transmittance from 350 nm to the lowest transmittance point significantly reduces. The optimal grating depth is 500 nm for a 300 nm grating period, the transmittance at 350 nm reaches 88.91%, and the average transmittance is 98.23%. When the period is 300 nm and the depth is 500 nm, the optimal duty cycle is 0.67, the transmittance at 350 nm reaches 96.52%, and the average transmittance is 99.23%. Nanoarray structures were constructed on the glass covers with nanoimprint and plasma etching, then modified with atomic layer deposition (ALD) to adjust their depth and duty cycle. The influence rules of the grating period, depth, and duty cycle on the cover transmittance from the experimental results are basically consistent with those from the simulation calculation. The nanoarray structure increases the average transmittance within 350–1100 nm of the glass cover by an average of 2.02% and the peak transmittance by 2.66%. The research results and experimental methods of this study have application value and promotion prospects for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of space solar cells and ground solar cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials Deposition Techniques and Characterization)
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18 pages, 3372 KiB  
Article
A Comparative Study on the Influence of Al2O3-ZnO ALD Nanolaminates on the Properties of CrCN PVD Sputtered Coatings with Distinctive Morphologies and Microstructures
by Elias Kaady, Syreina Sayegh, Mikhael Bechelany, Roland Habchi and Akram Alhussein
Coatings 2023, 13(6), 1017; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061017 - 30 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1567
Abstract
Chromium carbonitride (CrCN) coatings present the desired characteristics for improving the mechanical properties and the corrosion resistance of marine components. The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of carbon insertion, using CH4 gas flow as the carbon precursor in [...] Read more.
Chromium carbonitride (CrCN) coatings present the desired characteristics for improving the mechanical properties and the corrosion resistance of marine components. The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of carbon insertion, using CH4 gas flow as the carbon precursor in magnetron sputtering, on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the CrN coating. Moreover, the influence of the Al2O3-ZnO nanolaminates sealing layers deposited by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) on the properties of distinctive CrCN sputtered coatings (dense and columnar) is investigated. Structural, morphological, and topographical analyses were performed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. The nanoindentation measurements determined the mechanical properties and the electrochemical behavior was evaluated in a saline solution. The results revealed new important insights in the field of duplex treatment based on hybrid deposition using magnetron sputtering and ALD techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials Deposition Techniques and Characterization)
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16 pages, 3984 KiB  
Article
Microstructural and Morphological Characterization of the Cobalt-Nickel Thin Films Deposited by the Laser-Induced Thermionic Vacuum Arc Method
by Virginia Dinca, Aurelia Mandes, Rodica Vladoiu, Gabriel Prodan, Victor Ciupina and Silviu Polosan
Coatings 2023, 13(6), 984; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13060984 - 25 May 2023
Viewed by 1437
Abstract
Laser Induced-Thermionic Vacuum Arc (LTVA) technology was used for depositing uniform intermetallic CoNi thin films of 100 nm thickness. LTVA is an original deposition method using a combination of the typical Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) system and a laser beam provided by a [...] Read more.
Laser Induced-Thermionic Vacuum Arc (LTVA) technology was used for depositing uniform intermetallic CoNi thin films of 100 nm thickness. LTVA is an original deposition method using a combination of the typical Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) system and a laser beam provided by a QUANTEL Q-Smart 850 Nd:YAG compact Q-switched laser with a second harmonic module. The novelty is related to the simultaneous deposition of a bi-component metallic thin film using photonic processes of the laser over the plasma deposition, which improves the roughness but also triggers the composition of the deposited thin film. Structural analysis of the deposited thin films confirms the formation of face-centered cubic (fcc) as the main phase CoNi and hexagonal Co3Ni as the minority phase, observed mainly using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The magneto-optical measurements suggest an isotropic distribution of the CoNi alloy thin films for the in-plan angular rotation. From the low coercive field of Hc = 40 Oe and a saturation field at 900 Oe, the CoNi thin films obtained by LTVA are considered semi-hard magnetic materials. Magnetic force microscopy reveals spherical magnetic nanoparticles with mean size of about 40–50 nm. The resistivity was estimated at ρ = 34.16 μΩ cm, which is higher than the values for bulk Co and Ni. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials Deposition Techniques and Characterization)
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