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Coatings
Special Issues
Design, Characterization and Applications of Functional Coatings
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Design, Characterization and Applications of Functional Coatings

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2021) | Viewed by 15333

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jose Antonio García

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Pamplona, Spain
Interests: thin films; nanostructured coatings; tribology; PVD; ion implantations; plasma immersion ion implantation; advanced alloys
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

In recent years, special attention has been paid to improving the efficiency of different industrial processes. The objectives are to increase productivity and energy and materials savings as well as to reduce the waste emissions of industrial processes. In this sense, surface treatments and advanced coatings must play an important role in achieving these objectives. The scope of this Special Issue is to serve as a forum for papers related to this scope and in the following concepts:

-Use of artificial intelligence and computational methods for the design of coatings and tailored surface treatments

-Development and new applications of nanostructured coatings using PVD, CVD, and plasma spraying techniques

-Coatings resistant to high temperatures and oxidation, with special attention to energy and chemical applications

-Applications and new developments of nanostructured coatings for tribological applications

Dr. Jose Antonio García
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multifunctional coatings
  • coatings for high-temperature and corrosion resistance
  • nanostructured coatings
  • advanced nanocharacterization techniques

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 9587 KiB  
Article
Improvement of the Tribocorrosion Properties of Cemented Carbide (WC-Tic-Co) Samples with PVD Coating
by José Antonio García, Adrián Claver, Mikel Marques, Eluxka Almandoz, Jonathan Fernández de Ara, José F. Palacio and Ibon Azkona
Coatings 2022, 12(12), 1884; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121884 - 4 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1519
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the improvement of the tribocorrosion properties of WC-TiC-Co substrates by coating them with hard coatings such as AlCrSiN using cathodic arc deposition. WC-TiC-Co is commonly used in the fabrication of machining and cutting tools; however, there are some [...] Read more.
This study aims to investigate the improvement of the tribocorrosion properties of WC-TiC-Co substrates by coating them with hard coatings such as AlCrSiN using cathodic arc deposition. WC-TiC-Co is commonly used in the fabrication of machining and cutting tools; however, there are some materials such as titanium or stainless steel that are difficult to work with; furthermore, in aggressive environments or under high temperatures the performance of the machining tools can be affected, and a failure may occur. This coating is intended to ensure the correct performance of the tools in any conditions. The coatings were characterized by glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Tribocorrosion, tribology and corrosion tests were performed to evaluate the tribocorrosion properties of the samples. Furthermore, mechanical and adhesive properties of the coating were studied using scratch and nanoindentation tests. The results showed improved tribocorrosion properties in the samples combined with good adhesive and mechanical properties. These results show the possibility of using these coated materials in the most demanding cutting and machining applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Characterization and Applications of Functional Coatings)
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18 pages, 9637 KiB  
Article
Rapid Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Organo-Modified Nanostructured Silica Coatings with Tunable Water-Repellence Properties
by Catalina Ioana Gȋfu, Bogdan Trică, Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu, Cătălin Ionuţ Mihăescu, Cristian Petcu, Mihaela Cristina Lite, Alina Popescu, Mihai Anastasescu, Sorina Nicoleta Voicu, Maria Antonia Tanase and Ludmila Otilia Cinteza
Coatings 2021, 11(11), 1319; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111319 - 29 Oct 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1799
Abstract
A simple method to fabricate organo-modified silane coatings for water-repellent surface modification was proposed, by using a microwave sol-gel synthesis of hybrid materials. Low-cost fluorine-free tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and dodecyltriethoxysilane (DDTES) were used as silane derivatives. The organo-modified silica coatings were prepared by the [...] Read more.
A simple method to fabricate organo-modified silane coatings for water-repellent surface modification was proposed, by using a microwave sol-gel synthesis of hybrid materials. Low-cost fluorine-free tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and dodecyltriethoxysilane (DDTES) were used as silane derivatives. The organo-modified silica coatings were prepared by the drop-casting method and were characterized by UV-VIS, FTIR spectroscopy, and AFM and SEM microscopy. The morphology of the film show the existence of submicrometer scale roughness due to the aggregation of modified silica nanoparticles. Contact angles of water and diiodomethane on surfaces modified with as prepared nanostructured film were determined in order to assess the hydrophobic and oleophobic properties. The TEOS/DDTES ratio was proved to be a crucial factor in tuning the wettability properties. The results suggest that significant increase of hydrophobicity could be achieved by using non-fluorinated cost-effective silica nanomaterials produced with a rapid ecofriendly method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Characterization and Applications of Functional Coatings)
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21 pages, 6204 KiB  
Article
Improved Adhesion and Tribological Properties of AlTiN-TiSiN Coatings Deposited by DCMS and HiPIMS on Nitrided Tool Steels
by Adrián Claver, Jesús J. Randulfe, José F. Palacio, Jonathan Fernández de Ara, Eluxka Almandoz, Francesc Montalá, Carles Colominas, Victor Cot and Jose A. García
Coatings 2021, 11(10), 1175; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11101175 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2195
Abstract
Hard coatings, such as AlTiN-TiSiN, deposited by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) techniques are widely used in industrial applications to protect and increase the lifetime of industrial components, such as cutting tools, dies, and forming tools. Despite their great properties, such as high hardness [...] Read more.
Hard coatings, such as AlTiN-TiSiN, deposited by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) techniques are widely used in industrial applications to protect and increase the lifetime of industrial components, such as cutting tools, dies, and forming tools. Despite their great properties, such as high hardness and wear and oxidation resistance, they are limited in cases of severe conditions due to the poor adhesion between the coating and the substrate. Duplex treatments have commonly been used to improve the adhesive properties of PVD coatings, especially those of the cathodic arc evaporation type. The purpose of this study is to achieve coatings with the good properties of the Magnetron Sputtering processes but with higher adhesion than that achieved with these techniques, thus achieving coatings that can be used under the most severe conditions. In this work, an AlTiN-TiSiN coating was deposited by a combination of DC Magnetron Sputtering (DCMS) and High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) after a gas nitriding pretreatment on 1.2379 and Vanadis 4 tool steels. Mechanical (ultra-microhardness and scratch tests) and tribological tests were carried out to study the improvement in the properties of the coating. Duplex-treated samples showed improved adhesion between the coating and the substrate, with second critical load (Lc2) values greater than 100 N. Furthermore, they showed great toughness and wear resistance. These results show that this type of coating technique could be used in the most extreme applications and that they can compete with other techniques and coatings that to date they have not been able to compete with. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Characterization and Applications of Functional Coatings)
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20 pages, 8004 KiB  
Article
Improved Adhesion of the DLC Coating Using HiPIMS with Positive Pulses and Plasma Immersion Pretreatment
by Iñigo Gómez, Adrián Claver, José Antonio Santiago, Iván Fernandez, Jose Fernandez Palacio, Cristina Diaz, Stephan Mändl and Jose Antonio Garcia
Coatings 2021, 11(9), 1070; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11091070 - 5 Sep 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3805
Abstract
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are used due to their extraordinary tribomechanical properties, great hardness, high elastic modulus, high wear resistance, low friction coefficient and chemical inertness, which provide them with biocompatibility. Compared to other physical vapor deposition (PVD) coatings of transition nitrides and [...] Read more.
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are used due to their extraordinary tribomechanical properties, great hardness, high elastic modulus, high wear resistance, low friction coefficient and chemical inertness, which provide them with biocompatibility. Compared to other physical vapor deposition (PVD) coatings of transition nitrides and carbonitrides, DLC has limited adhesion, so it is necessary to develop new techniques to overcome this limitation. This work reports the results of scratch testing for the measurement of adhesion and of tests for wear resistance and nanoindentation in AISI 316L stainless steel coated with a WC:C coating, produced using novel high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) technology with positive pulses. In addition, the use of a preceding surface modification technique, specifically plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII), was studied with the aim of optimizing the adhesion of the coating. The results show how the coating improved the tribomechanical properties through the use of positive pulse HiPIMS compared to conventional HiPIMS, with an adhesion result that reached critical load values of 48.5 N and a wear coefficient of 3.96 × 10−7 mm3/nm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Characterization and Applications of Functional Coatings)
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21 pages, 5231 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Tribomechanical Properties of HiPIMS with Positive Pulses DLC Coatings on Different Tools Steels
by Adrián Claver, Emilio Jiménez-Piqué, José F. Palacio, Eluxka Almandoz, Jonathan Fernández de Ara, Iván Fernández, José A. Santiago, Eneko Barba and José A. García
Coatings 2021, 11(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010028 - 29 Dec 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3232
Abstract
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are very interesting due to their extraordinary properties; their excellent wear resistance, very low friction coefficient, great hardness, high elastic modulus or biocompatibility can be highlighted, as can their multifunctionality. Because of this, over recent decades they have been [...] Read more.
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are very interesting due to their extraordinary properties; their excellent wear resistance, very low friction coefficient, great hardness, high elastic modulus or biocompatibility can be highlighted, as can their multifunctionality. Because of this, over recent decades they have been widely used in tribological applications, improving the performance and the useful life of machining tools in an effective way. However, these coatings have a disadvantage compared to other coatings deposited by commercially available techniques—their resultant adhesion is worse than that of other techniques and limits their industrial applications. In this work, tribological results of a scratch test, wear resistance and nanoindentation of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) and tungsten carbide:carbon (WC:C) DLC coatings deposited by means of novel high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) technology with positive pulses are reported. The coatings were deposited in three different tools steels: K360, vanadis 4 and vancron. These tools’ steels are very interesting because of their great and wide industrial applicability. Experimental results showed excellent tribological properties, such as resistance to wear or adhesion, in the two types of DLC coatings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Characterization and Applications of Functional Coatings)
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16 pages, 8161 KiB  
Article
Depth-Resolved Phase Analysis of Expanded Austenite Formed in Austenitic Stainless Steel
by Darina Manova, Patrick Schlenz, Jürgen W. Gerlach and Stephan Mändl
Coatings 2020, 10(12), 1250; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121250 - 18 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1957
Abstract
Expanded austenite γN formed after nitrogen insertion into austenitic stainless steel and CoCr alloys is known as a hard and very wear resistant phase. Nevertheless, no single composition and lattice expansion can describe this phase with nitrogen in solid solution. Using in [...] Read more.
Expanded austenite γN formed after nitrogen insertion into austenitic stainless steel and CoCr alloys is known as a hard and very wear resistant phase. Nevertheless, no single composition and lattice expansion can describe this phase with nitrogen in solid solution. Using in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) during ion beam sputtering of expanded austenite allows a detailed depth-dependent phase analysis, correlated with the nitrogen depth profiles obtained by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) or glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES). Additionally, in-plane XRD measurements at selected depths were performed for strain analysis. Surprisingly, an anomalous peak splitting for the (200) expanded peak was observed for some samples during nitriding and sputter etching, indicating a layered structure only for {200} oriented grains. The strain analysis as a function of depth and orientation of scattering vector (parallel/perpendicular to the surface) is inconclusive. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Characterization and Applications of Functional Coatings)
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