Organic Photovoltaics Films: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Engineering for Energy Harvesting, Conversion, and Storage".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2022) | Viewed by 5246

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Information and Physical Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
Interests: organic semiconducting materials and devices; organic transistors; biosensors; graphene electrode; organic solar cells.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change, combined with increasing global energy consumption, demands greener alternative energy generation for the power industry to replace conventional coal-fired power production. Solar energy to electricity conversion is one of the highly invested directions in the electricity generation industry. The advantages of organic solar cells that can be produced on flexible substrates with lightweight carbon-based films make this class of solar cells very attractive in terms of commercialization. Since the first heterojunction organic photovoltaics with a power conversion efficiency of less than 1%  was reported in 1986 by C. W. Tang, the performance of organic photovoltaics has greatly improved, reaching 17% in the latest reports. Fabrication methods used in organic photovoltaics, ranging from vacuum deposition and solution-processed spin-coating to roll-to-roll printing, have been explored over the past 35 years. Semiconducting materials used in organic photovoltaics can be small organic molecules or long conjugated polymers. The most crucial component of the device structure, the photoactive active layer, has undergone extensive examination in terms of its morphology, its chemical and physical properties, as well as its interaction at the interface with buffer layers. We wish to shed light on these films in greater detail in order to gain a deeper understanding of the photon–material interactions and charge generation and collection.  This Special Issue of Coatings focuses on organic photovoltaics films, their fabrication, properties, and applications.

In particular, the topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Photoactive polymers
  • Heterojunction films
  • Solution-processed photoactive films
  • Nanoparticulate photoactive film
  • Interfacial films in organic photovoltaics

Dr. Xiaojing Zhou
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2452 KiB  
Article
The Role of the Electron Transport Layer in the Degradation of Organic Photovoltaic Cells
by Alaa Al-Ahmad, Benjamin Vaughan, John Holdsworth, Warwick Belcher, Xiaojing Zhou and Paul Dastoor
Coatings 2022, 12(8), 1071; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12081071 - 29 Jul 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2228
Abstract
The performance of the electron transport layer (ETL) plays a critical role in extending the operational lifespan of organic photovoltaic devices. ZnO is an excellent electron transport layer used in the printable organic photovoltaic cells. A comparison of Ca and ZnO as the [...] Read more.
The performance of the electron transport layer (ETL) plays a critical role in extending the operational lifespan of organic photovoltaic devices. ZnO is an excellent electron transport layer used in the printable organic photovoltaic cells. A comparison of Ca and ZnO as the ETL in encapsulated bulk heterojunction OPV devices has been undertaken with the device stability dependence on light soaking, temperature, irradiance, and thermal cycling recorded. It was observed that the OPV devices using Ca ETL decayed faster than the ZnO ETL devices under the same light illumination. The degradation in a Ca ETL device is ascribed to the formation of an insulating calcium oxide layer at the ETL interfaces. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy revealed a higher PL signal for the degraded Ca ETL devices compared to the ZnO ETL devices. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the ZnO ETL devices was found to be much more stable than the Ca devices. The PCE for ZnO ETL devices still retained 40% of their initial value while the Ca ETL devices failed completely over the period of 18 days in the study, leading to a clear outcome of the study. Full article
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15 pages, 2626 KiB  
Article
Low-Temperature CVD-Grown Graphene Thin Films as Transparent Electrode for Organic Photovoltaics
by Alaa Y. Ali, Natalie P. Holmes, Mohsen Ameri, Krishna Feron, Mahir N. Thameel, Matthew G. Barr, Adam Fahy, John Holdsworth, Warwick Belcher, Paul Dastoor and Xiaojing Zhou
Coatings 2022, 12(5), 681; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12050681 - 16 May 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2568
Abstract
Good conductivity, suitable transparency and uniform layers of graphene thin film can be produced by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) at low temperature and utilised as a transparent electrode in organic photovoltaics. Using chlorobenzene trapped in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer as the carbon source, [...] Read more.
Good conductivity, suitable transparency and uniform layers of graphene thin film can be produced by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) at low temperature and utilised as a transparent electrode in organic photovoltaics. Using chlorobenzene trapped in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer as the carbon source, growth temperature (Tgrowth) of 600 °C at hydrogen (H2) flow of 75 standard cubic centimetres per minute (sccm) was used to prepare graphene by CVD catalytically on copper (Cu) foil substrates. Through the Tgrowth of 600 °C, we observed and identified the quality of the graphene films, as characterised by Raman spectroscopy. Finally, P3HT (poly (3-hexylthiophene-2, 5-diyl)): PCBM (phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester) bulk heterojunction solar cells were fabricated on graphene-based window electrodes and compared with indium tin oxide (ITO)-based devices. It is interesting to observe that the OPV performance is improved more than 5 fold with increasing illuminated areas, hinting that high resistance between graphene domains can be alleviated by photo generated charges. Full article
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