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Diversity
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Diversity, Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Dematiaceous Fungi
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Diversity, Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Dematiaceous Fungi

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbial Diversity and Culture Collections".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2023) | Viewed by 7400

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Isabel Antonieta Iturrieta-González

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Infectology and Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 1145, Chile
Interests: fungal diversity; taxonomy; phylogenetics; medical mycology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dematiaceous fungi are a heterogeneous group of melanized organisms, widely distributed worldwide, found as inhabitants of a wide range of substrates. Their species show fascinating lifestyles. They have been isolated from dry ecosystems, hypersaline water, cold regions, and even acidic or deep-sea habitats, to the effect that this group of fungi has been proposed to be among the most stress-resistant eukaryotes on Earth. The vast majority of species are saprobic and endophytic. However, many of their genera include species recognized as phytopathogenic. In recent decades, an increase in infectious syndromes caused by these agents has been reported in both humans and animals, leading to them being currently listed as important opportunistic fungi. The important number of cryptic species described in several of its genera make it necessary to incorporate multilocus, phylogenetic studies for an adequate knowledge of the real diversity of their taxa.

This Special Issue aims to expand knowledge about the diversity of species in this interesting group of fungi, especially in underexplored substrates or geographical regions.

Dr. Isabel Antonieta Iturrieta-González
Guest Editor

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dematiaceous fungi
  • black fungi
  • black yeasts
  • fungal diversity
  • phylogeny
  • taxonomy
  • phytopathogenic fungi
  • human infection
  • cryptic species

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 7556 KiB  
Article
Phylogeny and Taxonomy of the Genus Amphichorda (Bionectriaceae): An Update on Beauveria-like Strains and Description of a Novel Species from Marine Sediments
by Daniel Guerra-Mateo, Josepa Gené, Vladimir Baulin and José Francisco Cano-Lira
Diversity 2023, 15(7), 795; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070795 - 21 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1957
Abstract
The genus Amphichorda has been recently re-erected as an independent lineage from Beauveria, circumscribed within Cordycipitaceae. However, its phylogenetic relationships with other members of this family remain obscure. In our ongoing efforts to expand the knowledge on the diversity of culturable [...] Read more.
The genus Amphichorda has been recently re-erected as an independent lineage from Beauveria, circumscribed within Cordycipitaceae. However, its phylogenetic relationships with other members of this family remain obscure. In our ongoing efforts to expand the knowledge on the diversity of culturable ascomycetes from the Mediterranean Sea, we isolated several specimens of Amphichorda. Preliminary sequence analyses revealed great phylogenetic distance with accepted Amphichorda species and a close relation to Onychophora coprophila. Onychophora is a monotypic genus of enteroblastic conidiogenous cells, presumably related to Acremonium (Bionectriaceae), while Amphichorda exhibits holoblastic conidiogenesis. Here, we examine representative strains of Amphichorda species to elucidate the taxonomy of the genus and the aforementioned fungi, combining morphological, ultrastructure and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (ITS, LSU, tef1, BenA). The results revealed Amphichorda as a member of the Bionectriaceae, where its asexual morphs represent a transition between enteroblastic and holoblastic conidiogenesis for this group of fungi. We also describe and illustrate Amphichorda littoralis sp. nov. and propose Amphichorda coprophila comb. nov. In addition, we establish key phenotypic features to distinguish Amphichorda species and demonstrate the higher salt tolerance degree of A. littoralis, consistent with its marine origin. This work provides a comprehensive framework for future studies in the genus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity, Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Dematiaceous Fungi)
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10 pages, 6583 KiB  
Communication
Alternaria muriformis sp. nov., a New Species in Section Chalastospora Isolated from Herbivore Dung in Spain
by Isabel Iturrieta-González and Josepa Gené
Diversity 2023, 15(5), 606; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15050606 - 28 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2206
Abstract
In a survey of the mycobiota from the dung of herbivorous animals collected in natural areas in Spain, an Alternaria isolate was found. Morphological data and a multi-locus phylogenetic approach carried out through Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses with three gene markers [...] Read more.
In a survey of the mycobiota from the dung of herbivorous animals collected in natural areas in Spain, an Alternaria isolate was found. Morphological data and a multi-locus phylogenetic approach carried out through Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses with three gene markers (i.e., the internal transcribed spacer of rDNA, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and plasma membrane ATPase) revealed that it represents a novel Alternaria species in Chalastospora. Alternaria muriformis sp. nov. is described and illustrated here. It is closely related to Alternaria abundans, Alternaria armoraciae, and Alternaria breviramosa, but can be easily differentiated by its production of muriform conidia. Key morphological features of the members of the Chalastospora section are provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity, Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Dematiaceous Fungi)
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Graphical abstract

10 pages, 675 KiB  
Article
Phylogenetic Analysis and Toxigenic Profile of Alternaria Species Isolated from Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum) in Argentina
by María J. Nichea, Eugenia Cendoya, Cindy J. Romero, Juan F. Humaran, Vanessa G. L. Zachetti, Sofía A. Palacios and María L. Ramirez
Diversity 2022, 14(11), 924; https://doi.org/10.3390/d14110924 - 29 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2290
Abstract
Chickpeas are a very important legume due to their nutritional richness and high protein content and they are used as food for humans and as fodder for livestock. However, they are susceptible to fungal infections and mycotoxin contamination. The Alternaria genus was among [...] Read more.
Chickpeas are a very important legume due to their nutritional richness and high protein content and they are used as food for humans and as fodder for livestock. However, they are susceptible to fungal infections and mycotoxin contamination. The Alternaria genus was among the main fungi isolated from chickpea samples in Argentina. The species within this genus are able to produce several mycotoxins such as alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), and tenuazonic acid (TA). So, the objectives of this study were to identify the Alternaria spp. found in the chickpea samples and to determine their toxigenic potential in vitro. A phylogenetic analysis of 32 Alternaria strains was carried out based on the combined sequences of the tef1, gpd, and Alt a1 genes. All Alternaria strains clustered into the section Alternaria and were identified as A. alternata and A. arborescens. Further, the toxigenic profile of each strain was determined in a ground rice–corn steep liquor medium and analysed by HPLC. Most strains were able to co-produce AOH, AME, and TA. These results indicate a potential risk for human health when consuming chickpeas since this legume could be contaminated with Alternaria and its mycotoxins, which are not yet regulated in food. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity, Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Dematiaceous Fungi)
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