Integration of Content and Language/Literacy Learning for Multilingual Students

A special issue of Education Sciences (ISSN 2227-7102). This special issue belongs to the section "Language and Literacy Education".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 3315

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
Interests: language-rich and asset-oriented pedagogies in disciplinary instruction; teacher professional development for integration of content and language/literacy

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Guest Editor
College of Education, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
Interests: multilingual students’ academic language and literacy development; content-integrated literacy instruction/intervention; (quasi-) experimental research design

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The integration of content and language/literacy learning in educational environments has recently gained increasing attention in educational research and teaching communities. There is growing evidence to suggest that integrating content and language/literacy in classrooms can foster content knowledge and disciplinary practices, enhance reading comprehension and conceptual understanding, and promote the ability to apply higher-order language processes and critical thinking skills across various contexts. Educational standards like the Common Core State Standards in the U.S. also underline the significance of disciplinary language literacy instruction and development within content subjects, extending beyond just language arts classes.

The integration of content and language/literacy becomes even more essential for multilingual students, who typically learn new language and literacy skills while simultaneously grasping challenging content knowledge in schools. Content area teachers often grapple with the demands of supporting multilingual students’ second language and literacy skills during content teaching. Content and language/literacy integration approaches can make second language, literacy, and disciplinary learning opportunities more relevant, accessible, and equitable for multilingual students. However, less is understood regarding what an effective, systematic integration of content and language/literacy looks like in content area or ESL/dual language classrooms for multilingual students, and how teachers navigate through possible tensions in content area and language/literacy instruction to meet the needs of multilingual students.

The focus of this Special Issue is to gain a deeper understanding of cross-domain (from content areas to language/literacy) learning opportunities for multilingual students, ranging from early childhood to late adolescent periods. Such knowledge is vital to enhance the content learning and language/literacy development of multilingual students. Topics of empirical papers in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the development of subject-specific literacy (e.g., disciplinary literacy, domain-specific vocabulary, or reading comprehension) in multilingual students; language-rich practices in content area classrooms; the incorporation of bilingual/multilingual pedagogies (e.g., cognitive- and psycholinguistic-oriented second language acquisition [SLA] pedagogies, and equity-focused pedagogies such as translanguaging, funds of knowledge, and culturally sustaining pedagogies) in content area classrooms; and content-infused instruction in language and/or literacy learning settings (e.g., dual-language/bilingual program, and ESL program). We welcome empirical studies conducted in diverse school, home, community, and/or cultural settings across a range of disciplines (e.g., educational psychology, developmental psychology, learning sciences and cognition, STEM education, bilingual/ESL education, and instructional sciences and implementation research).

Proposed Submissions:

We invite the submission of proposals up to 500 words in length by 15 January 2024 to guest co-editors [email protected] and [email protected] with “Education Sciences Special Issue” in the subject line. Proposals will be reviewed and accepted proposals will be invited to submit a full manuscript for peer review. Please note that an invitation to submit a full paper does not guarantee acceptance; all papers will be subject to the full peer review process as per any submission to Education Sciences. A full manuscript should be between 4,000 and 8,000 words in length, including the abstract and tables/figures.

Dr. Jie Zhang
Dr. Jackie Eunjung Relyea
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a double-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Education Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • content and language/literacy integration
  • multilingual students
  • content area literacy
  • equity-focused pedagogies
  • language-rich practices
  • content area classrooms

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 1447 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Bilingual/ESL Teachers’ STEM Instruction with Targeted Content and Disciplinary Literacy Professional Development: A Study on Knowledge and Practice Outcomes
by Zenaida Aguirre-Muñoz, Magdalena Pando and Chen Liu
Educ. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 745; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070745 - 7 Jul 2024
Viewed by 828
Abstract
Background: The increasing presence of English learners (ELs) in U.S. schools underscores the need for effective instructional strategies tailored to their diverse needs, especially in STEM subjects. Previous research primarily focused on self-reported teacher knowledge and specific curricular programs, often neglecting the integration [...] Read more.
Background: The increasing presence of English learners (ELs) in U.S. schools underscores the need for effective instructional strategies tailored to their diverse needs, especially in STEM subjects. Previous research primarily focused on self-reported teacher knowledge and specific curricular programs, often neglecting the integration of content and language knowledge. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of a professional development (PD) program aligned with a previously reported teacher training knowledge framework aimed at improving bilingual/ESL teachers’ subject matter knowledge (SMK), pedagogical knowledge (PK), and disciplinary literacy knowledge (DLK). Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design involving 30 teachers in three cohorts, each experiencing different levels of subject matter and disciplinary literacy knowledge. The program was assessed over four time points using multiple-choice tests on math and science knowledge and an instructional strategy rubric to evaluate teaching quality. Results: Significant improvements were observed in both content knowledge and instructional quality across all cohorts, with the greatest gains in cohorts that started the PD with a focus on SMK. Teachers’ understanding of disciplinary literacy and its integration with subject matter knowledge significantly enhanced their teaching effectiveness. Conclusions: The findings suggest that structured PD programs that integrate disciplinary literacy with content knowledge effectively enhance teacher professional knowledge and classroom practices. Starting PD with a strong focus on content knowledge prepares teachers to better apply disciplinary literacy strategies, thereby supporting more effective instruction for ELs. Implications: This study highlights the importance of considering the sequence of professional learning and the integration of content and disciplinary literacy strategies in PD programs. Future PD efforts should focus on these elements to maximize the impact on teacher development and student outcomes in bilingual/ESL settings. Full article
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12 pages, 771 KiB  
Article
Pedagogical Translanguaging in Content Areas: Exploring Preservice Teachers’ Lesson Plans for Emergent Bilinguals
by Marwa Elshafie and Jie Zhang
Educ. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 702; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070702 - 28 Jun 2024
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Abstract
The increasing linguistic and cultural diversity in K-12 schools necessitates preparing preservice teachers [PSTs] to address the unique needs of Emergent Bilinguals [EBs]. This study examined elementary preservice teachers’ (PSTs) lesson plans in English Language Arts, social studies, math, and science, focusing on [...] Read more.
The increasing linguistic and cultural diversity in K-12 schools necessitates preparing preservice teachers [PSTs] to address the unique needs of Emergent Bilinguals [EBs]. This study examined elementary preservice teachers’ (PSTs) lesson plans in English Language Arts, social studies, math, and science, focusing on integrating pedagogical translanguaging strategies. The research questions were the following: (1) What translanguaging practices are evident in PSTs’ lesson plans? (2) How do PSTs integrate these practices into their instructional planning for EBs? Fifty-six PSTs enrolled in a second language methodology course at a large urban research university participated in this study. This course, taken in their senior year or during student teaching, aimed to equip PSTs with skills for delivering linguistically and culturally appropriate instructions and assessments for EBs. For the final assignment, 56 lesson plans were analyzed using deductive and inductive coding methods with the Dedoose 4.2 software. The findings reveal that while PSTs effectively identified key vocabulary and used multimodal resources to support EBs, they need more training in leveraging EBs’ home languages, strategic grouping, multilingual collaboration, and translanguaging assessments in their instructional planning. Full article
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16 pages, 304 KiB  
Article
Professional Learning for ESL Teachers: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Examine the Impact on Instruction, Collaboration, and Cultural Wealth
by Leslie M. Babinski, Steven J. Amendum, Madeline M. Carrig, Steven E. Knotek, Jennifer C. Mann and Marta Sánchez
Educ. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 690; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070690 - 25 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Using a randomized controlled trial, we examined the impact of a teacher professional learning (PL) program on English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers’ use of evidence-based instructional strategies for multilingual learners, collaboration with classroom teachers, and incorporation of Latino multilingual learners’ cultural [...] Read more.
Using a randomized controlled trial, we examined the impact of a teacher professional learning (PL) program on English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers’ use of evidence-based instructional strategies for multilingual learners, collaboration with classroom teachers, and incorporation of Latino multilingual learners’ cultural wealth into their classrooms. The analyses included 29 ESL teachers from 29 elementary schools in three school districts. The teachers completed pre–post surveys, and trained observers rated classroom instruction and cultural wealth for two cohorts of teachers in the yearlong program. The results showed that the PL program had a significant effect on the ESL teachers’ use of evidence-based instructional strategies. We also found a significant effect on the ESL teachers’ collaboration processes, including their use of an intentional framework for collaboration and their alignment with classroom teachers’ instruction. We did not find significant differences between the PL group and the control group on the ESL teachers’ incorporation of cultural wealth in their classroom environment or on the reported frequency of their collaboration. Full article
15 pages, 245 KiB  
Article
Fostering Educator Buy-in of Language and Literacy in the Science Classroom
by Jennifer Renn, Annie Laurie Duguay and Laura J. Wright
Educ. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 683; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070683 - 22 Jun 2024
Viewed by 421
Abstract
This paper describes a project to build linguistic awareness among science educators at multiple levels: pre-service K–12 teachers, in-service K–12 teachers, and university faculty in both education and STEM fields. Educational linguists from a language-focused non-profit research organization created modules on teaching culturally [...] Read more.
This paper describes a project to build linguistic awareness among science educators at multiple levels: pre-service K–12 teachers, in-service K–12 teachers, and university faculty in both education and STEM fields. Educational linguists from a language-focused non-profit research organization created modules on teaching culturally and linguistically diverse students for a Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT) program for middle school science educators at a large urban U.S. university. The module content, which was integrated into three science education methods courses, was designed around three key principles: linguistic understanding, critical language awareness, and pedagogical modeling. A critical component to the project’s success was fostering “buy-in” from the various groups of educators through multiple means, including piloting materials with in-service science teachers, training university faculty on the language and literacy materials, and revising content based on feedback from the MAT program faculty and students. The findings demonstrate that over time, the educators re-examined their roles as teachers of language and literacy and reassessed their thinking related to science instruction, highlighting the efficacy of incorporating language development content into training and professional development for STEM educators at multiple levels. Full article

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17 pages, 898 KiB  
Systematic Review
Writing Strategies for Elementary Multilingual Writers: A Systematic Review
by Bethany P. Lewis
Educ. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 759; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070759 - 11 Jul 2024
Viewed by 269
Abstract
Because of the Common Core State Standards (2010), all elementary students across the United States, including multilingual learners, must learn to compose written texts in opinion, informational, and narrative genres. By nature, writing also plays many diverse roles in educational settings, and advanced [...] Read more.
Because of the Common Core State Standards (2010), all elementary students across the United States, including multilingual learners, must learn to compose written texts in opinion, informational, and narrative genres. By nature, writing also plays many diverse roles in educational settings, and advanced writing skills are needed for students to reach interdisciplinary success. Specifically, writing can be incorporated into content-area learning in subjects such as science, social studies, and math to support genre-based writing development. While advanced writing can be challenging for any student to master, multilingual students may need additional support to develop these crucial composition skills because of the complexities of learning two languages simultaneously. Furthermore, while many educators understand that multilingual students have distinct literacy needs, not all teachers are prepared to meet these specific writing instructional demands. This article presents the results of a systematic review guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. This study investigated literacy-based empirical research used to support multilingual learners since the inception of the Common Core (2010–2023) genre-based writing standards. In characterizing effective writing supports, seven themes emerged: (a) the role of the teacher, (b) writing mentor texts, (c) the creation of multimodal texts, (d) writing scaffolds, (e) authenticity, (f) specific teacher instruction, and (g) multilingual language approaches. While this body of research is literacy-focused, these findings provide elementary teachers with specific strategies to support developing multilingual writers when implemented into traditional literacy spaces or content-area instruction. Full article
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