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Optimization and Innovations in Thermal Cycles and Heat Management Systems

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J1: Heat and Mass Transfer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 May 2026 | Viewed by 1294

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Machinery, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, China
Interests: optimization of thermal cycle and thermal management system; unsteady flow and energy transfer; fluid technology equipment

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Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, China
Interests: process system engineering; inherent safety

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the progress of society and technological advancements, the increasing amounts of energy consumed in industrial production and daily life necessitate enhanced energy utilization efficiency in thermodynamic cycle systems. This serves two purposes: conserving fossil fuel resources and promoting the development of renewable energy applications while simultaneously maximizing the net work output by these systems. These thermodynamic systems include, but are not limited to, solar power generation systems; geothermal energy conversion systems; air/water-source heat pump systems; industrial waste heat recovery systems; LNG cold energy power generation systems; and gas pressure energy recovery systems (e.g., natural gas). As these systems primarily focus on the conversion of thermal energy, their performance enhancement relies not only on the optimization of their cycle structure or working fluids but also on advanced thermal management methodologies and heat utilization technologies. Notably, efficient thermal management approaches also demonstrate the potential for their broad application across other important and emerging domains, such as HVAC systems in buildings; cooling solutions for large-scale data centres; and environmental control for extreme-condition test chambers. Innovative optimization methods for these energy utilization and heat management systems have consequently emerged as a critical research focus in the energy sector. This Special Issue is dedicated to presenting and disseminating cutting-edge advancements in the optimization and improvement of thermodynamic cycles and thermal management systems.

Dr. Yiming Zhao
Dr. Haotian Ye
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • all aspects of optimization and innovation in thermal cycles and heat management systems
  • energy and exergy analyses of thermal cycles
  • highly effective heat transfer technology and equipment
  • optimization algorithms and multipurpose optimal methods
  • selection of cycled working fluids
  • optimal operation of renewable energy
  • energy storage and heat pump systems
  • optimization of the operation and control of power systems
  • fluid energy transfer and utilization

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 5603 KB  
Article
Gradient Metal Foam and Nanoparticle Coupling Enhancement on Phase Change Heat Storage for Improving Thermal Performance of a Heat Pump
by Xiangyu Yao, Wei Li, Runran Zhou, Yuanji Li and Xiaohu Yang
Energies 2026, 19(5), 1133; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19051133 - 25 Feb 2026
Viewed by 391
Abstract
Enhancing heat transfer in latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) can help further alleviate the negative effects brought about by excessive consumption of fossil energy. This study proposes to couple and enhance LHTES through gradient pore foam and the addition of nanoparticles. Three [...] Read more.
Enhancing heat transfer in latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) can help further alleviate the negative effects brought about by excessive consumption of fossil energy. This study proposes to couple and enhance LHTES through gradient pore foam and the addition of nanoparticles. Three types of storage tanks with positive gradient porosity, uniform porosity, and negative gradient porosity were designed, and three concentrations of nanoparticle addition ratios were equipped. The research on phase change heat storage was carried out through verified numerical models. The analysis indicates that complete melting time of a tank designed with a positive gradient is decreased by 984 s and reduced by 11.23% compared with a tank without a gradient design. Tanks designed with negative gradient porosity delayed the complete melting time by 2451.8 s, which was extended by 28.00%. Adding an appropriate number of nanoparticles can help enhance heat exchange rate and improve efficiency, while excessive addition of nanoparticles will inhibit heat storage rate, causing a counterproductive effect on heat storage. When the nanoparticle filling concentration was 10%, the storage rate of the tank with positive gradient was the highest, reaching 0.04445 kW, which was 0.00605 higher than the tank without nanoparticle addition, representing a 15.76% increase. Coupling the heat storage tank to the ideal heat pump system for heating can increase its COP from 1.82 to 1.97, which represents an improvement of 8.24%. Full article
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18 pages, 3693 KB  
Article
Modeling and Performance Assessment of a NeWater System Based on Direct Evaporation and Refrigeration Cycle
by Yilin Huo, Eric Hu and Jay Wang
Energies 2026, 19(2), 468; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19020468 - 17 Jan 2026
Viewed by 510
Abstract
At present, the global shortage of water resources has led to serious challenges, and traditional water production technologies such as seawater desalination and atmospheric water harvesting have certain limitations due to inflexible operation and environmental conditions. This study proposes a novel water production [...] Read more.
At present, the global shortage of water resources has led to serious challenges, and traditional water production technologies such as seawater desalination and atmospheric water harvesting have certain limitations due to inflexible operation and environmental conditions. This study proposes a novel water production system (called “NeWater” system in this paper), which combines saline water desalination with atmospheric water-harvesting technologies to simultaneously produce freshwater from brackish water or seawater and ambient air. To evaluate its performance, an integrated thermodynamic and mathematical model of the system was developed and validated. The NeWater system consists of a vapor compression refrigeration unit (VRU), a direct evaporation unit (DEU), up to four heat exchangers, some valves, and auxiliary components. The system can be applied to areas and scenarios where traditional desalination technologies, like reverse osmosis and thermal-based desalination, are not feasible. By switching between different operating modes, the system can adapt to varying environmental humidity and temperature conditions to maximize its freshwater productivity. Based on the principles of mass and energy conservation, a performance simulation model of the NeWater system was developed, with which the impacts of some key design and operation parameters on system performance were studied in this paper. The results show that the performances of the VRU and DEU had a significant influence on system performance in terms of freshwater production and specific energy consumption. Under optimal conditions, the total freshwater yield could be increased by up to 1.9 times, while the specific energy consumption was reduced by up to 48%. The proposed system provides a sustainable and scalable water production solution for water-scarce regions. Optimization of the NeWater system and the selection of VRUs are beyond the scope of this paper and will be the focus of future research. Full article
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