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Advancements in Energy Efficiency and Conservation for Sustainable Buildings

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "G: Energy and Buildings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 May 2026 | Viewed by 2508

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Architecture, Design and Media Technology, Human Building Interaction, Aalborg University, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark
Interests: energy conservation; energy efficiency in buildings; building energy performance; human-building interaction; building performance optimization; indoor environmental quality; circular economy in the built environment; life cycle assessment
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The green transition of energy systems introduces new challenges for the design and operation of energy-efficient and sustainable buildings. Integrating passive and active building technologies now requires criteria that extend beyond traditional energy efficiency metrics and critical Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) indicators.

A key aspect of this transition is the interface between Front-of-the-Meter (FTM) and Behind-the-Meter (BTM) energy systems, particularly in buildings equipped with on-site energy generation technologies. The interplay between FTM, BTM, and occupant behavior adds complexity to energy optimization strategies during both design and operational phases.

Furthermore, climate change introduces uncertainty into the contextual design of buildings. Strategies—both passive and active, including vernacular approaches—may become suboptimal or inadequate under future climate conditions. Identifying such vulnerabilities and adapting building systems accordingly is essential.

In addition, the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, such as heatwaves and wind-driven phenomena like dust storms, poses significant risks to energy systems and occupant health. This underscores the importance of advancing research into thermal autonomy, the passive survivability of buildings, the interaction between air quality and building energy performance, and the broader concepts of resilience and sufficiency in building design.

This Special Issue invites research on the following topics:

  • Interaction between Front-of-the-Meter (FTM) and Behind-the-Meter (BTM) in buildings;
  • Occupant behavior and building energy performance;
  • Building energy performance gap;
  • Interplay between FTM, BTM, and building occupants’ behavior;
  • Novel indoor environmental quality indicators, including energy and non-energy related indicators—thermal autonomy, air quality, daylight availability, visual comfort, view access and quality, among others—and their energy implications;
  • Building energy resiliency and sufficiency;
  • Adaptation of active and passive building systems to future climate scenarios;
  • Mitigating the impact of extreme weather events on building energy and environmental systems;
  • Material systems to modulate the environmental behavior of buildings and their energy implications.

Dr. Luis Santos
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • building energy efficiency
  • uncertainty causes in building energy efficiency
  • integration of front-of-the-meter and behind-the-meter in building design
  • integration of passive and active strategies for building design and operation
  • interaction between users and building energy systems
  • integration of material and energy systems in building design
  • energy efficient buildings for climate transition
  • interplay between indoor environmental quality and building energy performance

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 3833 KB  
Article
Full-Load Thermal–Hydraulic Optimization of Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Vaults
by Seyed Majid Bigonah Ghalehsari, Yu Zhao, Heng Zhou and Tianyi Zhao
Energies 2026, 19(3), 681; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030681 - 28 Jan 2026
Viewed by 414
Abstract
The increasing use of nuclear energy, a reliable baseload power with minimal greenhouse gas emissions, makes managing the heat of dry storage for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) a key engineering issue. Our research indicates that strong heat layers form in standard setups, with [...] Read more.
The increasing use of nuclear energy, a reliable baseload power with minimal greenhouse gas emissions, makes managing the heat of dry storage for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) a key engineering issue. Our research indicates that strong heat layers form in standard setups, with over 40% of the vault exceeding 85 °C when airflow stops. A staggered cask setup with outlets on both sides and a 0° inlet yielded the best results, exhibiting the lowest standardized temperature (θave = 0.23) and maintaining wall temperatures below 65 °C. Input speed (4.0–6.0 m/s) is the most significant factor, dropping output temperature from 80 °C to 38 °C. While convection is the primary method of heat transfer (over 90%), radiation becomes significant in low-flow areas, although its effect diminishes as surface temperatures increase. Pressure loss stays low (about 3.2 Pa), which is suitable for mechanics. To improve the system’s practicality and sustainability, it is advised to use both active and passive cooling and to reuse low-grade heat. This work provides reliable guidance for HVAC design under full-load conditions, enhancing the safety, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of SNF storage. Full article
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57 pages, 4707 KB  
Article
Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in Supertall and Megatall Buildings: Challenges of Multi-Criteria Certification Implementation
by Anna Piętocha and Eugeniusz Koda
Energies 2026, 19(1), 133; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010133 - 26 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1736
Abstract
Rapid urbanization, rising energy consumption, and the environmental pressures of the 21st century have led the construction sector to focus on sustainable design solutions to protect the natural environment and combat climate change. Technological advances are leading to an increasing number of ultratall [...] Read more.
Rapid urbanization, rising energy consumption, and the environmental pressures of the 21st century have led the construction sector to focus on sustainable design solutions to protect the natural environment and combat climate change. Technological advances are leading to an increasing number of ultratall buildings. However, due to the complex issues involved, these structures currently serve primarily as symbols and serve as testing grounds for technological innovation. Therefore, there is a clear need to analyze the issues involved in designing high-rise buildings sustainably in the context of contemporary environmental challenges. Global multi-criteria certifications exist to establish parameters verifying a building’s impact on its surroundings. This study systematically assessed the sustainable strategies of the world’s twenty tallest buildings using a four-category model: A—passive design, B—active mechanical systems, C—renewable energy integration, and D—materials, water, and circularity strategies. The quantitative assessment (0–60) was supplemented with qualitative analysis and correlational research, including LEED certification. A novel element of the study is a multi-criteria comparative analysis, culminating in an assessment of the degree of implementation of sustainable development strategies in the world’s tallest buildings and linking the results to LEED certification levels. The results identify categories requiring further improvement. The results indicate that Merdeka 118 (46.7%), followed One World Trade Center (43.3%) and Shanghai Tower (41.7%) received the highest scores. Category B dominated all buildings, categories A and D demonstrated moderate implementation, and category C demonstrated the lowest performance due to economic and technical constraints at extreme heights. LEED Platinum-certified buildings demonstrated significantly higher levels of technology integration than Gold or non-certified buildings. The study results emphasize the need for integrating passive design strategies early in the design process, improving renewable energy solutions, and long-term operational monitoring supported by digital tools (such as IoT and digital twins). Full article
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