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Energies
Special Issues
Modeling, Control and Emerging Applications of Modular Multilevel Converters
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Modeling, Control and Emerging Applications of Modular Multilevel Converters

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F3: Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 2978

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zhihong Bai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Interests: modeling and control of power electronics; multilevel converters; renewable energy generation; grid-tied converters; distributed generation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Guest Editor is inviting submissions to a Special Issue of Energies entitled “Modeling, Control and Emerging Applications of Modular Multilevel Converters”. Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are attractive power converter topologies for medium- and high-power applications due to their modularity, scalability, high quality output, and high efficiency, among other attractive features. They have already become a competitive solution for high-voltage direct current transmission systems. Given the introduction of wide bandgap power devices and the requirements to further improve power density, efficiency, and reliability, many technological challenges still remain.

This special issue serves to document new achievements resulting from the research on MMCs, including new trends, frontiers, and advanced solutions of the practical issues associated with current and future applications. Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

  • Advanced circuit configurations;
  • Modeling of various MMC system;
  • Control of MMCs;
  • Improvement of modulations;
  • Circulating current suppression;
  • Post-fault operation;
  • Capacitor size reduction;
  • Optimization of operation;
  • Solutions in MMC-related applications;
  • Emerging applications of MMC.

Dr. Zhihong Bai
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Modular multilevel converters (MMCs)

  • Power conversion system

  • Circulating current

  • Arm stored energy

  • Pulse-width modulation

  • Submodule

  • Capacitor voltage ripple

  • High-voltage direct current transmission

  • Medium voltage drives

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 5659 KiB  
Article
Unified Strategy for Fault-Tolerant Operation of MMC with Multiple SMs Failure Based on SMs Grouping Management
by Zhihong Bai and Yifei Li
Energies 2022, 15(15), 5694; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15155694 - 5 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1137
Abstract
Modular multilevel converter (MMC) is distinguished by its modularity. In order to improve its reliability and avoid unscheduled maintenance, it requires the MMC to continue operating even though some of its submodules (SMs) have failed. In this paper, a grouping management method of [...] Read more.
Modular multilevel converter (MMC) is distinguished by its modularity. In order to improve its reliability and avoid unscheduled maintenance, it requires the MMC to continue operating even though some of its submodules (SMs) have failed. In this paper, a grouping management method of SMs in MMC is first presented where every six SMs are conceptually grouped into a virtual subunit (SU), and on this basis, a simplified space vector modulation (SVM) implementation is developed. Then, the fault-tolerant solutions are proposed by investigating the post-fault operation of the MMC based on the virtual SU concept. It is analyzed that the SU failures can be categorized into three basic types, according to the phase where the failed SMs are located, and also multiple SM failures can be decomposed into one or multiple basic fault types. In this way, the fault-tolerant solutions are unified regardless of the number of faulty SMs. Further, the sorting capacitor voltage control is combined into the proposed methods to balance all of the SM capacitor voltages. With the proposed fault-tolerant method, the amplitude and THD of the line voltages are almost unchanged under fault conditions when compared with normal operations. The simulation and experiment verify the propositions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling, Control and Emerging Applications of Modular Multilevel Converters)
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18 pages, 4650 KiB  
Article
Design Methodology Based on Prebuilt Components for Modular Multilevel Converters with Partial Integration of Energy Storage Systems
by Florian Errigo, Leandro De Oliveira Porto and Florent Morel
Energies 2022, 15(14), 5006; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145006 - 8 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1434
Abstract
To provide ancillary services in HVDC applications, modular multilevel converters (MMCs) with integration of energy storage systems are a promising solution as they take advantage of the modularity and the controllability of the stored energy. In these solutions, an energy storage system is [...] Read more.
To provide ancillary services in HVDC applications, modular multilevel converters (MMCs) with integration of energy storage systems are a promising solution as they take advantage of the modularity and the controllability of the stored energy. In these solutions, an energy storage system is connected to the DC capacitor of a submodule (SM) to make an energy storage submodule (ES-SM). An MMC with partial integration (MMC-PIES) is an MMC with each arm made of a mix of SMs and ES-SMs. In this paper, we propose a novel design methodology for these converters considering they are built based on existing prebuilt submodules, while design methodologies in the literature consider the SM and ES-SM characteristics to be degrees of freedom. Therefore, the proposed approach is closer to an industrial standpoint and computes the minimum number of ES-SMs to comply with requirements. We also include a new optimization method for the circulating currents needed to balance the energy in the SM and ES-SM capacitors. Design scenarios are presented. The results show that the value of the DC capacitance and the current limitation of the switches highly influence the design, restricting the possible operating points. In addition, half-bridge ES-SMs seem to be a more promising solution than full-bridge ES-SMs, reducing the number of ES-SMs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling, Control and Emerging Applications of Modular Multilevel Converters)
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