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Energies
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Sustainable Shared Mobility: Current Status and Future Prospects
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Sustainable Shared Mobility: Current Status and Future Prospects

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "E: Electric Vehicles".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2023) | Viewed by 12982

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Katarzyna Turoń

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Road Transport, Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Interests: shared mobility; car-sharing; bike-sharing; scooter-sharing; new mobility; electromobility; electric mobility; electric shared mobility; sustainable transport systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The sustainable shared mobility market is changing very rapidly. In recent years, a great number of car-sharing, bike-sharing, scooter-sharing, and moped-sharing operators have started their business, and at the same time, a large group of service providers have closed their shared mobility systems. There is a large disproportion between the operating systems, areas of their operation, fleet, and system equipment and their principles of operation. However, in connection with the trend of sustainable transport advancement, electromobility development and the need to change behavior in the mobility of society, there is a need for constant monitoring, improvement, and optimization of services operating in a shared mobility market. The current market turmoil, including the pandemic situation, is becoming an interesting research area in the field of changes taking place in shared mobility services.

This Special Issue is dedicated to the current status and future prospects of the sustainable shared mobility market. Due to the very wide range of topics related to shared mobility services, this Special Issue will be interdisciplinary. Any research that includes analysis of the existing practices of the functioning of shared mobility and shared electric mobility systems, developed mathematical, business, and descriptive models, calculations, forecasts, plans and development analyses, comparative analyses, advanced literature reviews, reviews, case studies, guidelines, and theoretical and practical studies are warmly welcome.

Dr. Katarzyna Turoń
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Shared mobility
  • Electric shared mobility
  • Electromobility
  • Mobility management
  • Sustainable transport
  • Urban transport systems
  • Mobility
  • Transportation engineering. Car-sharing Scooter-sharing Bike-sharing Moped-sharing Kick-scooter sharing

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3931 KiB  
Article
Analysis and Evaluation of Methods Used in Measuring the Intensity of Bicycle Traffic
by Piotr Kędziorek, Zbigniew Kasprzyk, Mariusz Rychlicki and Adam Rosiński
Energies 2023, 16(2), 752; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020752 - 9 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1837
Abstract
The work presents the methods of collecting and processing data with the use of devices used in individual measurement methods. Based on the collected video materials, the number of vehicles was determined, which at both measuring points actually exceeded each of the tested [...] Read more.
The work presents the methods of collecting and processing data with the use of devices used in individual measurement methods. Based on the collected video materials, the number of vehicles was determined, which at both measuring points actually exceeded each of the tested cross-sections of the bicycle path. More precise determination of the means of transport was divided into three categories: bicycles, electric scooters, and PT (personal transporters). The data collected with the use of each of the devices was properly processed and aggregated into a form that allows for their mutual comparison (they can be used to manage the energy of electric vehicles). Their greatest advantages and disadvantages were indicated, and external factors that had an impact on the size of the measurement error were identified. The cost of carrying out the traffic volume survey was also assessed, broken down into the measurement methods used. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and evaluate the methods used to measure bicycle traffic volume. Four different measurement methods were used to perform the practical part, which included such devices as a video recorder, microwave radar, perpendicular radar, and a meter connected to an induction loop embedded in the asphalt. The results made it possible to select a rational method for measuring the volume of bicycle traffic. The measurements carried out allow optimization of bicycle routes, especially for electric bicycles. The results indicate the method of physical counting of vehicles from video footage, thanks to which it is possible to achieve a level of measurement accuracy equal to 100%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Shared Mobility: Current Status and Future Prospects)
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22 pages, 5912 KiB  
Article
E-Scooter Micro-Mobility Application for Postal Service: The Case of Turkey for Energy, Environment, and Economy Perspectives
by Yunus Emre Ayözen, Hakan İnaç, Abdulkadir Atalan and Cem Çağrı Dönmez
Energies 2022, 15(20), 7587; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15207587 - 14 Oct 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2804
Abstract
In this research, the advantages of the e-scooter tool used in the mail or package delivery process were discussed by considering the Turkish Post Office (PTT) data in the districts of Istanbul (Kadıköy, Üsküdar, Kartal, and Maltepe) in Turkey. The optimization Poisson regression [...] Read more.
In this research, the advantages of the e-scooter tool used in the mail or package delivery process were discussed by considering the Turkish Post Office (PTT) data in the districts of Istanbul (Kadıköy, Üsküdar, Kartal, and Maltepe) in Turkey. The optimization Poisson regression model was utilized to deliver the maximum number of packages or mails with minimum cost and the shortest time in terms of energy consumption, cost, and environmental contribution. Statistical and optimization results of dependent and independent variables were calculated using numerical and categorical features of 100 e-scooter drivers. The Poisson regression analysis determined that the e-scooter driver’s gender (p|0.05 < 0.199) and age (p|0.05 < 0.679) factors were not effective on the dependent variable. We analysed that the experience in the profession (tenure), the size of the area responsible, and environmental factors is effective in the e-scooter distribution activity. The number of packages delivered was 234 in a day, and the delivery cost per package was calculated as 0.51 TL (Turkish Lira) for the optimum values of the dependent variables. The findings show that the choice of e-scooter vehicle in the mail or package delivery process is beneficial in terms of time, cost, energy, and environmental contribution in districts with higher population density. As the most important result, the operation of e-scooter vehicles with electrical energy shows that it is environmentally friendly and has no CO2 emission. The fact that the distribution of packages or mail should now turn to micro-mobility is emerging with the advantages of e-scooter vehicles in the mail and package delivery. Finally, this analysis aims to provide a model for integrating e-scooters in package or mail delivery to local authorities, especially in densely populated areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Shared Mobility: Current Status and Future Prospects)
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26 pages, 3085 KiB  
Article
Compromise Multi-Criteria Selection of E-Scooters for the Vehicle Sharing System in Poland
by Paweł Ziemba and Izabela Gago
Energies 2022, 15(14), 5048; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145048 - 11 Jul 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2267
Abstract
In Poland, there is a high ratio of private transport and unfavorable patterns of daily commuting. These patterns can be changed by introducing comfortable and eco-friendly vehicles, such as e-scooters and e-bikes. At the same time, the development of the e-micromobility-based vehicle sharing [...] Read more.
In Poland, there is a high ratio of private transport and unfavorable patterns of daily commuting. These patterns can be changed by introducing comfortable and eco-friendly vehicles, such as e-scooters and e-bikes. At the same time, the development of the e-micromobility-based vehicle sharing services market is developing. The aim of the article is to analyze selected e-scooters available on the Polish market and to identify the most useful vehicles from two opposing perspectives, i.e., the potential customer and owner of the vehicle sharing system. The PROSA GDSS (PROMETHEE for Sustainability Assessment—Group Decision Support System) method and the graphical representation of GAIA (Geometrical Analysis for Interactive Assistance) were used to search for a compromise and balance between the needs of the indicated stakeholders. The results of the methods used were compared with the results of the PROMETHEE GDSS method, which does not take into account the balance between the stakeholders and allows for a strong compensation of the assessments of decision makers. The conducted research allowed indicating the optimal e-scooter to meet the needs of both decision makers, and it is the JEEP 2xe Urban Camou. Both the sensitivity analysis and the solution obtained with the use of the PROMETHEE GDSS method confirmed that it is the optimal alternative, the least sensitive to changes in criteria weights and changes in the decision makers’ compensation coefficients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Shared Mobility: Current Status and Future Prospects)
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14 pages, 1733 KiB  
Article
What Car for Car-Sharing? Conventional, Electric, Hybrid or Hydrogen Fleet? Analysis of the Vehicle Selection Criteria for Car-Sharing Systems
by Katarzyna Turoń, Andrzej Kubik and Feng Chen
Energies 2022, 15(12), 4344; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15124344 - 14 Jun 2022
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2993
Abstract
Short-term car rental services called “car-sharing” or “carsharing” are systems that in recent years have been an alternative form of transport by individual car in an increasing number of cities around the world. With the growing popularity of services, new decision-making problems have [...] Read more.
Short-term car rental services called “car-sharing” or “carsharing” are systems that in recent years have been an alternative form of transport by individual car in an increasing number of cities around the world. With the growing popularity of services, new decision-making problems have arisen among system operators. Among the challenges faced by operators, due to the constantly growing environmental requirements, is the fleet of vehicles for car-sharing systems-appropriate selection. Noticing this research gap, this article was dedicated to determining the criteria that are important when choosing a fleet of vehicles for car-sharing and to indicate the best suited to the needs of car-sharing vehicles. Own research was proposed, considering desk research, expert research and analyses using the multi-criteria decision support method (ELECTRE III). This research was carried out for the Polish market of car-sharing services. Studying the Polish market is appropriate due to the occurrence of significant difficulties with the fleet incorrectly adjusted to the needs of urban conditions. This study covers vehicles with conventional, electric, hybrid and hydrogen propulsion. The analyses allowed for the determination of the vehicles best suited to the needs of car-sharing. The results show the dominance of hydrogen-powered vehicles over conventional, hybrid and electric vehicles. What is more, it was determined that the most important criteria are the purchase price of the vehicle and energy/fuel consumption per 100 km. The obtained results are a guide to proceeding when making decisions regarding the implementation or modernization of the fleet in car-sharing systems. The results also support achieving more sustainable urban mobility in the zero-emission trend through hydrogen mobility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Shared Mobility: Current Status and Future Prospects)
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16 pages, 6879 KiB  
Article
Possibility to Use Professional Bicycle Computers for the Scientific Evaluation of Electric Bikes: Velocity, Cadence and Power Data
by Tomasz Matyja, Andrzej Kubik and Zbigniew Stanik
Energies 2022, 15(3), 1127; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15031127 - 3 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2020
Abstract
The aim of this study was to check whether the data recorded by a bicycle computer paired with typical measurement sensors can be useful for a scientific evaluation of the cyclist–bicycle anthropotechnical system, including electric bicycles. The problem arose when the authors searched [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to check whether the data recorded by a bicycle computer paired with typical measurement sensors can be useful for a scientific evaluation of the cyclist–bicycle anthropotechnical system, including electric bicycles. The problem arose when the authors searched for methods to assess the energy efficiency of electric bicycles and intelligent power management systems provided by the assistance system, in accordance with the current needs of the bicycle user. This can be of great importance in the efficient use of electric bicycles and their batteries, in the event that they are rented in public access systems. This article focuses primarily on data on bicycle speed, calculated by the GPS module or obtained from speed sensors, as well as data from the cadence sensor, power measurement, pedaling technique and heart rate. An attempt was made to evaluate the correctness and consistency of the data recorded by the computer through various types of comparatives analyses. The conducted research used data recorded when traveling the same route with various bikes, including electric ones, with and without assistance. This is the second part of the research. The first part focusing on data obtained by a computer from a GPS system and a barometric altimeter was published in an earlier article. In both parts, the authors presented some advantages and disadvantages of using bicycle computers as tools for measuring and acquiring data. In general, it seems that the existing technology used by bicycle computers and the measurement sensors that cooperate with it can be used in the development of a system that optimizes energy consumption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Shared Mobility: Current Status and Future Prospects)
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