Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
6.2
3.0
Journals
Energies
Special Issues
Research and Development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
energies-logo
Submit to Energies Review for Energies Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

► Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser
share announcement

Research and Development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D2: Electrochem: Batteries, Fuel Cells, Capacitors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 February 2024) | Viewed by 11377

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yuehua Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
Interests: fuel cell water management; multiscale simulation; nonlinear control and health diagnosis
Dr. Keliang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: hydrogen- and metal- air fuel cell
Dr. Lu Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical-Electronic and Vehicle Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China
Interests: PEM fuel cell diagnosis; hydrogen production and purification

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is seeing wide application in transportation vehicles, stationary power plants, and some special uses such as in aircraft and underwater vehicles, etc., due to its potential for clean energy production, efficiency, and even silence. With the aim of obtaining lower costs, longer lifetimes, better reliability, and higher performance, the PEM fuel cell and its system are experiencing advancements in ordered membrane electrode assemblies, metal bipolar plates, consistent and high-power density stacks, key devices of BoP, robust and efficient control, hydrogen safety, and hybrid power vehicles. We invite our colleagues to submit papers concerning the research and development of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

Dr. Yuehua Li
Dr. Keliang Wang
Dr. Lu Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • proton exchange membrane fuel cell
  • higher performance and lower cost fuel cells
  • durability and lifetime prediction
  • hydrogen safety
  • robust, efficient, and artificial intelligent control.

Published Papers (7 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

17 pages, 8518 KiB  
Article
A Data-Driven Prediction Method for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Degradation
by Dan Wang, Haitao Min, Honghui Zhao, Weiyi Sun, Bin Zeng and Qun Ma
Energies 2024, 17(4), 968; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17040968 - 19 Feb 2024
Viewed by 779
Abstract
This paper proposes a long short-term memory (LSTM) network to predict the power degradation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and in order to promote the performance of the LSTM network, the ant colony algorithm (ACO) is introduced to optimize the hyperparameters [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a long short-term memory (LSTM) network to predict the power degradation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and in order to promote the performance of the LSTM network, the ant colony algorithm (ACO) is introduced to optimize the hyperparameters of the LSTM network. First, the degradation mechanism of PEMFCs is analyzed. Second, the ACO algorithm is used to set the learning rate and dropout probability of the LSTM network combined with partial aging data, which can show the characteristics of the dataset. After that, the aging prediction model is built by using the LSTM and ACO (ACO-LSTM) method. Moreover, the convergence of the method is verified with previous studies. Finally, the fuel cell aging data provided by the Xiangyang Da’an Automotive Testing Center are used for verification. The results show that, compared with the traditional LSTM network, ACO-LSTM can predict the aging process of PEMFCs more accurately, and its prediction accuracy is improved by about 35%, especially when the training data are less. At the same time, the performance of the model trained by ACO-LSTM is also excellent under other operating conditions of the same fuel cell, and it has strong versatility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 4402 KiB  
Article
Empirical Degradation Models of the Different Indexes of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on the Component Degradation
by Lei Fan, Jianhua Gao, Yanda Lu, Wei Shen and Su Zhou
Energies 2023, 16(24), 8012; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16248012 - 11 Dec 2023
Viewed by 798
Abstract
To describe the degradation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), empirical degradation models of different indexes of PEMFCs are established. Firstly, the simulation process and assumptions of PEMFC degradation are proposed. Secondly, the degradation simulation results including the performance and distribution indexes [...] Read more.
To describe the degradation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), empirical degradation models of different indexes of PEMFCs are established. Firstly, the simulation process and assumptions of PEMFC degradation are proposed. Secondly, the degradation simulation results including the performance and distribution indexes under the different degradation levels are conducted by AVL FIRE M. Finally, the empirical degradation models of performance and distribution indexes are established based on the above simulation results and experimental data. The results show that the relationship between the experimental and simulation results is established by the index of current density. The empirical degradation models of current density, average equilibrium potential on the cathode catalyst layer (CL), average membrane water content, average oxygen molar concentration on the cathode CL, and average hydrogen crossover flux are the linear function. The empirical degradation models of average exchange current density on the anode CL, average hydrogen molar concentration on the anode CL, and average oxygen crossover flux are the quadratic function. The empirical degradation model of average activation overpotential on the cathode CL is the quintic function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 979 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Influence of Component Degradation on Different Degradation Indexes of PEMFC
by Lei Fan, Jianhua Gao, Yanda Lu, Wei Shen and Su Zhou
Energies 2023, 16(23), 7806; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237806 - 27 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 868
Abstract
To study the effect of component degradation on different degradation indexes of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a novel model of the PEMFC based on component properties was established. Firstly, the four main components, namely the proton exchange membrane (PEM), catalyst [...] Read more.
To study the effect of component degradation on different degradation indexes of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a novel model of the PEMFC based on component properties was established. Firstly, the four main components, namely the proton exchange membrane (PEM), catalyst layer (CL), gas diffusion layer (GDL), and bipolar plate (BP), were selected. Moreover, a model of each component reflecting their properties was established and verified. Secondly, calculations of the component properties at the initial state and 5% changed were conducted. The results showed that the effects of the different components’ degradation on the different performance and distribution indexes were different. Considering the nine indexes comprehensively, the influence of component degradation on performance degradation was as follows: GDL > PEM = CL > BP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 2681 KiB  
Article
Durability Study of Frequent Dry–Wet Cycle on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
by Dan Wang, Haitao Min, Weiyi Sun, Bin Zeng and Haiwen Wu
Energies 2023, 16(11), 4284; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16114284 - 24 May 2023
Viewed by 1370
Abstract
Durability is the key issue for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell application and its commercialization. Current research usually uses the accelerated stress test to decrease the experiment time, whereas the performance evolution—especially the internal state evolution—under real use may be different from [...] Read more.
Durability is the key issue for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell application and its commercialization. Current research usually uses the accelerated stress test to decrease the experiment time, whereas the performance evolution—especially the internal state evolution—under real use may be different from that under the accelerated stress test. In addition, studies rarely report this kind of durability in real decay scenarios. This paper investigates the seldom-reported impact of dry–wet cycles on durability in terms of open circuit voltage (OCV), inner resistance, and hydrogen crossover current at the condition of 20,000 cycles or the equivalent 400 h, while simultaneously running the test for the same time interval in the control experiment. The mechanical and chemical test is independent. Frequent dry–wet cycles make the OCV decay over 14% compared to 6.9% under the normal decay. Meanwhile, the dry–wet cycle helps to alleviate deterioration in terms of the inner resistance decline (61% vs. 37%) and in terms of the hydrogen crossover current increase (−64% vs. 15%). The inner state evolution is irregular and against common sense. The relationship between the crack, platinum transfer, and the moisture which heals the crack is the potential reason for the above-mentioned phenomena. These findings are beneficial to navigating fuel cell storage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 6862 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Different Topologies of Thermal Management Subsystems in Multi-Stack Fuel Cell Systems
by Wei Shen, Lei Fan, Zhirong Pan, Chunguang Chen, Ning Wang and Su Zhou
Energies 2022, 15(14), 5030; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145030 - 10 Jul 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1519
Abstract
The performance of a fuel cell stack is affected by the operating temperature of the stack. The thermal management subsystem of a multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) is particularly significant for the operating temperature control of each stack in the MFCS. To study [...] Read more.
The performance of a fuel cell stack is affected by the operating temperature of the stack. The thermal management subsystem of a multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) is particularly significant for the operating temperature control of each stack in the MFCS. To study the influence of different topologies of a MFCS thermal management subsystem, this paper proposes and establishes two different topologies. Firstly, the integrated topology is proposed. Secondly, seven component models, namely the mixer, thermostat, radiator, tank, pump, bypass value, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack temperature models, are described in detail. Finally, the performance of the two topologies of the MFCS thermal management subsystem under two working conditions, steady (200 A) and variable (China heavy-duty commercial test cycle, C-WTVC), is compared. Furthermore, there are two evaluating indicators, including the stability duration and deviation of the operating temperatures of the single stack in the MFCS. Results show that when the MFCS operates under steady working conditions, the integrated topology is superior in operating temperature control accuracy (ΔT<0.5 K), while the distributed topology is superior in the adjustment process (t ≤ 100 s). Moreover, when the MFCS operates under variable working conditions, the distributed topology is superior in operating temperature control accuracy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

24 pages, 5640 KiB  
Review
A Review on Mass Transfer in Multiscale Porous Media in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Mechanism, Modeling, and Parameter Identification
by Fan Yang, Xiaoming Xu, Yuehua Li, Dongfang Chen, Song Hu, Ziwen He and Yi Du
Energies 2023, 16(8), 3547; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16083547 - 19 Apr 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2675
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are a promising clean power source that can be used in a variety of applications such as automobiles, stationary power plants, and portable power devices. The application problem of PEM fuel cells is a multiscale application process [...] Read more.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are a promising clean power source that can be used in a variety of applications such as automobiles, stationary power plants, and portable power devices. The application problem of PEM fuel cells is a multiscale application process involving porous media, consisting of a series of mass, momentum, and energy transfers through gas channels, current transfers through membrane electrode assemblies, and electrochemical reactions at three-phase boundaries. In this paper, the recent research progress of PEMFC in multiscale porous-media mass transfer processes is reviewed, the research progress of fuel cell parameter identification is reviewed, and the future development direction is summarized and analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of proton exchange membrane fuel cell mass transfer and parameter identification to reference researchers and engineers in the field of fuel cell systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 1118 KiB  
Review
Review on the Hydrogen Dispersion and the Burning Behavior of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
by Hao Lan, Guiyun Wang, Kun Zhao, Yuntang He and Tianlei Zheng
Energies 2022, 15(19), 7295; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15197295 - 4 Oct 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2311
Abstract
The development of a hydrogen energy-based society is becoming the solution for more and more countries. Fuel cell electric vehicles are the best carriers for developing a hydrogen energy-based society. The current research on hydrogen leakage and the diffusion of fuel cell electric [...] Read more.
The development of a hydrogen energy-based society is becoming the solution for more and more countries. Fuel cell electric vehicles are the best carriers for developing a hydrogen energy-based society. The current research on hydrogen leakage and the diffusion of fuel cell electric vehicles has been sufficient. However, the study of hydrogen safety has not reduced the safety concerns for society and government management departments, concerning the large-scale promotion of fuel cell electric vehicles. Hydrogen safety is both a technical and psychological issue. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of fuel cell electric vehicles’ hydrogen dispersion and the burning behavior and introduce the relevant work of international standardization and global technical regulations. The CFD simulations in tunnels, underground car parks, and multistory car parks show that the hydrogen escape performance is excellent. At the same time, the research verifies that the flow, the direction of leakage, and the vehicle itself are the most critical factors affecting hydrogen distribution. The impact of the leakage location and leakage pore size is much smaller. The relevant studies also show that the risk is still controllable even if the hydrogen leakage rate is increased ten times the limit of GTR 13 to 1000 NL/min and then ignited. Multi-vehicle combustion tests of fuel cell electric vehicles showed that adjacent vehicles were not ignited by the hydrogen. This shows that as long as the appropriate measures are taken, the risk of a hydrogen leak or the combustion of fuel cell electric vehicles is controllable. The introduction of relevant standards and regulations also indirectly proves this point. This paper will provide product design guidelines for R&D personnel, offer the latest knowledge and guidance to the regulatory agencies, and increase the public’s acceptance of fuel cell electric vehicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-7
Back to TopTop