Last Trends in Food Contact Materials Safety Evaluation: New Advances in Chemical Food Analysis

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Packaging and Preservation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 July 2021) | Viewed by 29665

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Campus Vida s/n, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
Interests: food contact materials; food safety; migration; risk assessment; food packaging materials; coatings; analytical chemistry; active food packaging; bioactive compounds; food analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: active packaging; food safety; food contact materials; food packaging; food preservation; analytical chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

One of the major concerns associated with the safety of food contact materials is the migration of harmful substances to the food, since they can cause adverse effects on the consumers’ health through dietary exposure.

The potential migrants can be well-defined and known substances such as monomers, additives, etc. but also complex mixtures or even unknown substances. Moreover, some of them can be non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) that comprise substances that have not been added for a technical reason during the manufacture of the material and include impurities, degradation products, reaction products, etc. 

Recently, the identification of NIAS has attracted the interest of scientists, and new analytical strategies that involve the use of advanced techniques are being applied to address this issue.

On the other hand, in past years, the development of novel materials including nanomaterials for food contact has grown for many applications, such as the improvement of material properties, to encapsulate the active ingredient for active food packaging, etc., while guaranteeing the safety of these new systems introduces new challenges.

The objective of this Special Issue is to compile the latest research on the safety evaluation of food contact materials; original contributions and review articles are welcome.

The topics of the Special Issue include but are not limited to:

  • Safety of food contact materials;
  • Migration to foods and food simulants;
  • Analytical methodologies for NIAS identification;
  • Risk assessment of migrants;
  • Exposure estimation;
  • Nanoparticles migration;
  • Safety of novel materials;
  • New emerging contaminants: micro and nanoplastics.

Prof. Dr. Ana Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós
Dr. Raquel Sendón
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • food contact materials
  • safety
  • migration
  • risk assessment
  • nanomaterials
  • contaminants

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2703 KiB  
Article
Establishment of an Indirect Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Method for the Detection of Heavy Metal Cadmium in Food Packaging Materials
by Xianshu Fu, Erjing Chen, Biao Ma, Ying Xu, Peiying Hao, Mingzhou Zhang, Zihong Ye, Xiaoping Yu, Chaofeng Li and Qingge Ji
Foods 2021, 10(2), 413; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10020413 - 13 Feb 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2800
Abstract
Heavy metals in food packaging materials have been indicated to release into the environment at slow rates. Heavy metal contamination, especially that of cadmium (Cd), is widely acknowledged as a global environment threat that leads to continuous growing pollution levels in the environment. [...] Read more.
Heavy metals in food packaging materials have been indicated to release into the environment at slow rates. Heavy metal contamination, especially that of cadmium (Cd), is widely acknowledged as a global environment threat that leads to continuous growing pollution levels in the environment. Traditionally, the detection of the concentration of Cd relies on expensive precision instruments, such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). In this study, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) based on a specific monoclonal antibody was proposed to rapidly detect Cd. The half-inhibitory concentration and detection sensitivity of the anti-cadmium monoclonal antibody of the ic-ELISA were 5.53 ng mL−1 and 0.35 ng mL−1, respectively. The anti-Cd monoclonal antibody possessed high specificity while diagnosising other heavy metal ions, including Al (III), Ca (II), Cu (II), Fe (III), Hg (II), Mg (II), Mn (II), Pb (II), Zn (II), Cr (III) and Ni (II). The average recovery rates of Cd ranged from 89.03–95.81% in the spiked samples of packing materials, with intra- and inter-board variation coefficients of 7.20% and 6.74%, respectively. The ic-ELISA for Cd detection was applied on 72 food packaging samples that consisted of three material categories—ceramic, glass and paper. Comparison of the detection results with ICP-AES verified the accuracy of the ic-ELISA. The correlation coefficient between the ic-ELISA and the ICP-AES methods was 0.9634, demonstrating that the proposed ic-ELISA approach could be a useful and effective tool for the rapid detection of Cd in food packaging materials. Full article
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22 pages, 1138 KiB  
Article
Dietary Exposure Estimation to Chemicals Transferred from Milk and Dairy Products Packaging Materials in Spanish Child and Adolescent Population
by Antía Lestido-Cardama, Raquel Sendón, Juana Bustos, Mª Luisa Lomo, Perfecto Paseiro Losada and Ana Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós
Foods 2020, 9(11), 1554; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9111554 - 27 Oct 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3288
Abstract
Packaging materials are subject to risk assessment since they can transfer their components to the food, and they may constitute a risk for the consumers’ health. Therefore, estimating the exposure to chemicals migrating from packaging is required. In this study, a novel approach [...] Read more.
Packaging materials are subject to risk assessment since they can transfer their components to the food, and they may constitute a risk for the consumers’ health. Therefore, estimating the exposure to chemicals migrating from packaging is required. In this study, a novel approach based on a total diet study (TDS)-like investigation to evaluate the exposure to chemicals transferred from the packaging was presented. The proposed methodology involved a non-targeted gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method to identify potential migrants and the determination of the migrants in composite food samples. The method was applied to evaluate the dietary exposure to chemicals from food packaging materials used for milk and dairy products in the Spanish child and adolescent populations. Several migrants identified in packaging materials were selected to determine their concentration in composite food samples. These chemicals included diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), bis(2ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), benzophenone (BP), 1,3-diphenylpropane (1,3-DPP), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT). The method exhibited a good sensitivity (limit of detection, LOD ≤ 0.05 µg/g) and a satisfactory recovery (78.4-124%). Finally, the exposure was estimated using the Spanish national dietary survey ENALIA. Phthalates DBP and DEHP showed the highest mean exposure, ranging from 2.42 (10–17 years)–4.40 (12–35 months) and 1.35 (10–17 years)–4.07 (12–35 months) µg/kg bw/day for DBP and DEHP, respectively. Full article
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19 pages, 871 KiB  
Article
Estimation of Dietary Exposure to Contaminants Transferred from the Packaging in Fatty Dry Foods Based on Cereals
by Antía Lestido-Cardama, Ana Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Juana Bustos, M. Luisa Lomo, Perfecto Paseiro Losada and Raquel Sendón
Foods 2020, 9(8), 1038; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9081038 - 1 Aug 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3610
Abstract
Food packaging has received special attention from the food safety standpoint since it could be a potential source of contamination through the migration of chemical substances from the packaging material into food. The assessment of the exposure through the diet to these contaminants [...] Read more.
Food packaging has received special attention from the food safety standpoint since it could be a potential source of contamination through the migration of chemical substances from the packaging material into food. The assessment of the exposure through the diet to these contaminants from food packaging is necessary. In this work, an estimation of dietary exposure of the young Spanish population (1–17 years) to target chemicals from packaging for fatty dried foods based on cereals was assessed. For this purpose, a gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method was developed for screening of volatile and semivolatile compounds, potential migrants from the packaging. Then, this technique was used to quantify 8 target analytes, which were previously identified in the packaging (including phthalates, acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and octocrylene), in composite food samples of fatty cereals prepared according to the consumption data for different age groups. Among the phthalates, exposure to diethyl phthalate (DEP) was the highest for the three groups considered (0.0761–0.545 µg/kg body weight/day), followed by bis(2-ethylhxyl)phathalate (DEHP), while the lowest mean intake was found for di-n-octyl phathalate (DNOP; 0.00463–0.0209 µg/kg body weight/day). The estimated dietary exposures did not exceed for any of the analytes the corresponding established tolerable daily intakes. Full article
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Review

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16 pages, 628 KiB  
Review
Presence of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Food Contact Materials (FCM) and Its Migration to Food
by Arabela Ramírez Carnero, Antía Lestido-Cardama, Patricia Vazquez Loureiro, Letricia Barbosa-Pereira, Ana Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós and Raquel Sendón
Foods 2021, 10(7), 1443; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10071443 - 22 Jun 2021
Cited by 64 | Viewed by 18736
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemical compounds widely used in different industry fields including food contact materials (FCM), providing resistance to fat and humidity, and non-stick properties. PFAS enter into the food chain directly from the intake of contaminated food or [...] Read more.
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemical compounds widely used in different industry fields including food contact materials (FCM), providing resistance to fat and humidity, and non-stick properties. PFAS enter into the food chain directly from the intake of contaminated food or indirectly from the migration of the FCM into the food. This exposure published in different research highlights a public health concern. Therefore, it is necessary to perform analysis of the content of different FCM and evaluate the migration from the FCM under normal conditions of use and storage. This bibliographical review proves that different perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl compounds are detected in fast food packaging, microwave popcorn bags, and frying pans, among others. Furthermore, it shows the conditions or factors that favor the migration of the PFAS from the FCM into the food. Full article
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