Recent Scientific Developments in Forest Pathology

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Forest Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2658

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Nature Research Centre, Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Akademijos St. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
Interests: phytoplasma disease; molecular identification; classification; phylogeny; marker genes; forest plants; small fruit crops; insect vectors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Forest plant ecosystems are economically important for the timber industry, food industry (wild berries), pharmacy (medicine plants), etc. Plant–pathogenic fungi, phytophthoras, bacteria (including phytoplasmas) and viruses can cause serious plant diseases, affecting natural ecosystems and plant biodiversity. These pathogenic microorganisms can be spread from wild forest plants to agricultural plants and vice versa via various mechanisms, including insect vectors and vegetative reproductions and propagations. Furthermore, global warming introduces insects and diseases to new geographic locations. Pathogenic microbes are identified via isolation in vitro and molecular tools (PGR, phylogenetic analysis, ELISA, etc.). Recent scientific developments include metagenomic microbiome investigations via next-generation throughput sequencing and bioinformatics. Furthermore, new environmentally friendly sustainable disease control methods are being developed, including biological control agents (BCAs). The most investigated pathogens are causing symptomatic diseases in agricultural and other economically important plants. However, many pathogens remain understudied, including uncultivable in vitro the Candidatus species in wild forests.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Forest pathology: diseases of forest plants, including trees, shrubs, wild pome, stone, small fruit, nuts, medicine plants and other wild forest herbal plants;
  • Urban forests and diseases;
  • Forest entomology: insect vectors;
  • Diseases and forest ecology, management and restoration;
  • Diseases and climate change impacts, adaptation and mitigation in forests.

Dr. Deividas Valiunas
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • identification of forest plant diseases and causing microbes
  • phylogenetic analysis of forest pathogens
  • plant microbiome and microbiota
  • forest trees, shrubs and fruit plants
  • forest medicine, herbal plants
  • insect vectors, biocontrol and disease management
  • climate change and diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4078 KiB  
Article
Detection and Multigene Characterization of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ Strains Infecting Ulmus spp. in Southern Italy
by Carmine Marcone, Carmine Palmieri and Aniello Cuomo
Forests 2024, 15(12), 2067; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15122067 - 22 Nov 2024
Viewed by 408
Abstract
Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ (16SrV-A) is the causal agent of elm yellows (EY), a lethal and/or decline disease of several Ulmus (elm) species and hybrids in North America and Europe. In this study, field observations and PCR assays were used to detect phytoplasma [...] Read more.
Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ (16SrV-A) is the causal agent of elm yellows (EY), a lethal and/or decline disease of several Ulmus (elm) species and hybrids in North America and Europe. In this study, field observations and PCR assays were used to detect phytoplasma infections in diseased U. minor, U. pumila and U. glabra trees in southern Italy. Also, a multigene sequence analysis employing various less conserved genes was carried out to explore the genetic variation in detected strains. All the symptomatic elm trees tested were infected with ‘Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi’. No other phytoplasmas or variants could be detected. Although ‘Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi’ was already known to occur in southern Italy on European field elm, the current work expands the information on the presence, disease incidence and severity, plant host range and molecular aspects of EY phytoplasma strains occurring in southern Italy. In addition, this is the first report from Italy on the molecular characterization of EY phytoplasma strains through map, imp and groEL gene sequence and phylogenetic analyses. Among the newly detected EY phytoplasma strains, some proved distantly related to each other and to other previously characterized EY phytoplasma strains within the genes examined. This implies the presence of distinct taxonomic entities within the material examined. The occurrence of different strains was not linked to the biological traits and geographical distribution. However, the data obtained may provide a basis for further studies aimed at elucidating several other unknown aspects of the EY agent, knowledge of which is essential for effective disease management and control strategies. The results of the current work also show that the EY phytoplasma is particularly widespread in southern Italy and is of considerable economic and ecological relevance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Scientific Developments in Forest Pathology)
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13 pages, 7091 KiB  
Article
Molecular Detection of Phytophthora cinnamomi by RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-Mediated Isothermal Amplification
by Xiaoqiao Xu, Tingting Dai, Qin Xiong, Jing Yang, Jiahui Zang and Tingli Liu
Forests 2024, 15(5), 772; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15050772 - 28 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1745
Abstract
Background: Phytophthora cinnamomi is one of the soil-borne pathogens that causes root rot and stem rot in many plants globally. P. cinnamomi has serious economic, social, and environmental impacts, threatening natural ecosystems and biodiversity. Methods: In this study, a molecular detection method based [...] Read more.
Background: Phytophthora cinnamomi is one of the soil-borne pathogens that causes root rot and stem rot in many plants globally. P. cinnamomi has serious economic, social, and environmental impacts, threatening natural ecosystems and biodiversity. Methods: In this study, a molecular detection method based on Recombinant polymorphic amplification (RPA) combined using the CRISPR/Cas12a system was developed for P. cinnamomi. The method was found to be highly specific for P. cinnamomi. Results: The results showed that 10 P. cinnamomi isolates were positive; however, 21 Phytophthora species, 4 Phytopythium species, 18 fungal species, and 2 Bursaphelenchus species were negative. In total, 10 pg·µL−1 of P. cinnamomi genomic DNA can be detected. The detection process is performed within 20 min at 37 °C, which makes it fast and convenient for use. Discussion: In conclusion, the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a system in this study is a promising tool for the rapid and sensitive detection of P. cinnamomi in plant samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Scientific Developments in Forest Pathology)
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