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Advances in Medical Informatics to Improve Health Care
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Advances in Medical Informatics to Improve Health Care

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Digital Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2023) | Viewed by 6711

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Julian Varghese

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
Interests: clinical information systems; clinical decision support systems; artificial intelligence in medicine; semantic interoperability

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Digital transformation has reached all branches of industry and society, including health care and biomedical sciences. Buzzwords such as Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI), including Machine and Deep Learning, eHealth, digital health, digital medicine, or medical data science, are used interchangeably to highlight opportunities to promote patients’ health and quality of life by preventing diseases, reducing disease burden, and improving effective diagnostics or treatments. However, in order to fully utilize intelligent information processing for improved decision-making, many key challenges need to be addressed, such as high-quality data capture and integration, interoperability of systems, AI explainability, regulatory requirements regarding data protection, IT security and medical device approval, and last but not least, evidence of improved decision making, patient outcomes, or resource management.

Advances in Medical Informatics are key drivers of digital transformation in medicine, providing a foundation to establish sustainable research infrastructures, algorithms, tools, and standards for health care and medical research—including patient engagement—which will address the aforementioned challenges. Original research papers, software papers, reviews, or letters from different disciplines, including—but not limited to—digital health or biomedical informatics approaches, especially those addressing key challenges, are welcome for this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Julian Varghese
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • medical informatics
  • artificial intelligence in medicine
  • interoperability
  • precision medicine
  • data integration
  • data management

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 9336 KiB  
Article
Reconstructing Clonal Evolution—A Systematic Evaluation of Current Bioinformatics Approaches
by Sarah Sandmann, Silja Richter, Xiaoyi Jiang and Julian Varghese
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(6), 5128; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065128 - 14 Mar 2023
Viewed by 2236
Abstract
The accurate reconstruction of clonal evolution, including the identification of newly developing, highly aggressive subclones, is essential for the application of precision medicine in cancer treatment. Reconstruction, aiming for correct variant clustering and clonal evolution tree reconstruction, is commonly performed by tedious manual [...] Read more.
The accurate reconstruction of clonal evolution, including the identification of newly developing, highly aggressive subclones, is essential for the application of precision medicine in cancer treatment. Reconstruction, aiming for correct variant clustering and clonal evolution tree reconstruction, is commonly performed by tedious manual work. While there is a plethora of tools to automatically generate reconstruction, their reliability, especially reasons for unreliability, are not systematically assessed. We developed clevRsim—an approach to simulate clonal evolution data, including single-nucleotide variants as well as (overlapping) copy number variants. From this, we generated 88 data sets and performed a systematic evaluation of the tools for the reconstruction of clonal evolution. The results indicate a major negative influence of a high number of clones on both clustering and tree reconstruction. Low coverage as well as an extreme number of time points usually leads to poor clustering results. An underlying branched independent evolution hampers correct tree reconstruction. A further major decline in performance could be observed for large deletions and duplications overlapping single-nucleotide variants. In summary, to explore the full potential of reconstructing clonal evolution, improved algorithms that can properly handle the identified limitations are greatly needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Medical Informatics to Improve Health Care)
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14 pages, 1008 KiB  
Article
A Multi-Level Analysis of Individual and Neighborhood Factors Associated with Patient Portal Use among Adult Emergency Department Patients with Multimorbidity
by Hao Wang, Chan Shen, Michael Barbaro, Amy F. Ho, Mona Pathak, Cita Dunn and Usha Sambamoorthi
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(2), 1231; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021231 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1904
Abstract
Background: Patient portals tethered to electronic health records (EHR) have become vital to patient engagement and better disease management, specifically among adults with multimorbidity. We determined individual and neighborhood factors associated with patient portal use (MyChart) among adult patients with multimorbidity seen in [...] Read more.
Background: Patient portals tethered to electronic health records (EHR) have become vital to patient engagement and better disease management, specifically among adults with multimorbidity. We determined individual and neighborhood factors associated with patient portal use (MyChart) among adult patients with multimorbidity seen in an Emergency Department (ED). Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional study design and used a linked database of EHR from a single ED site to patients’ neighborhood characteristics (i.e., zip code level) from the American Community Survey. The study population included all adults (age > 18 years), with at least one visit to an ED and multimorbidity between 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2020 (N = 40,544). Patient and neighborhood characteristics were compared among patients with and without MyChart use. Random-intercept multi-level logistic regressions were used to analyze the associations of patient and neighborhood factors with MyChart use. Results: Only 19% (N = 7757) of adults with multimorbidity used the patient portal. In the fully adjusted multi-level model, at the patient level, having a primary care physician (AOR = 5.55, 95% CI 5.07–6.07, p < 0.001) and health insurance coverage (AOR = 2.41, 95% CI 2.23–2.61, p < 0.001) were associated with MyChart use. At the neighborhood level, 4.73% of the variation in MyChart use was due to differences in neighborhood factors. However, significant heterogeneity existed in patient portal use when neighborhood characteristics were included in the model. Conclusions: Among ED patients with multimorbidity, one in five adults used patient portals. Patient-level factors, such as having primary care physicians and insurance, may promote patient portal use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Medical Informatics to Improve Health Care)
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20 pages, 3395 KiB  
Article
Smartphone Use and Security Challenges in Hospitals: A Survey among Resident Physicians in Germany
by Judith Kraushaar and Sabine Bohnet-Joschko
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(24), 16546; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416546 - 9 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1904
Abstract
Although mobile devices support physicians in a variety of ways in everyday clinical practice, the use of (personal) mobile devices poses potential risks for information security, data protection, and patient safety in hospitals. We used a cross-sectional survey-based study design to assess the [...] Read more.
Although mobile devices support physicians in a variety of ways in everyday clinical practice, the use of (personal) mobile devices poses potential risks for information security, data protection, and patient safety in hospitals. We used a cross-sectional survey-based study design to assess the current state of smartphone use among resident physicians in hospitals and to investigate the relationships between working conditions, current smartphone usage patterns, and security-related behavior. In total, data from 343 participating physicians could be analyzed. A large majority (98.3%) used their smartphones during clinical practice. Of the respondents who used a smartphone during clinical practice, only 4.5% were provided with a smartphone by their employer. Approximately three-quarters of the respondents who used their smartphones for professional communication never/almost never used dedicated GDPR-compliant messenger services. Using a hierarchical regression model, we found a significant effect of the organizational resources Social Support (Supervisor) and Information Security-related Communication on security-related behavior during the selection of medical apps (App Selection). Smartphones are an important part of digital support for physicians in everyday clinical practice. To minimize the risks of use, technical and organizational measures should be taken by the hospital management, resulting, for example, in a Bring-Your-Own-Device (BYOD) initiative. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Medical Informatics to Improve Health Care)
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