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Low-Carbon Valorization of Biomass and Organic Waste
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Low-Carbon Valorization of Biomass and Organic Waste

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemoenvironment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (7 April 2023) | Viewed by 5650

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chao Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Interests: thermal conversion of biomass and organic waste; preparation and application of renewable synthetic fuels; electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide
Dr. Xing Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Liaoning Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
Interests: biomass conversion; lignin valorization; bio-based composites; lignin-based materials; carbon materials
Dr. Ming Lei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Interests: organic active intermediates; clean thermal deconstruction of organic waste; energy comprehensive utilization; biomass volarization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The reasonable disposal and valuable utilization of biomass and organic waste have always been the focus of attention in the fields of environment, circular economy, and energy. As a renewable resource, biomass valorization has always attracted much attention. Meanwhile, organic waste, a kind of dislocation resource, can be used as feedstock to produce many high-value-added products. Thus far, many technologies have been developed for the conversion and utilization of biomass and organic waste; however, most of these methods only focus on whether the conversion can be achieved. These processes produce additional wastes and hazardous substances, such as wastewater, waste acid, waste alkali, etc., and do not meet the concept of low-carbon and green technologies. 

This Special Issue on “Low-Carbon Valorization of Biomass and Organic Waste” mainly covers studies in the fundamental and applied sciences of biomass and organic waste conversion and utilization with low-carbon technologies for the production of valuable products, such as liquid and gaseous fuels, commodity chemicals, high-performance materials, etc. The scope of this collection includes but is not limited to the following topics: (1) pretreatment of biomass and organic waste for subsequent utilization, (2) conversion of biomass and organic waste to valuable products, (3) further upgrading and application of products, (4) low-carbon technologies involved in biomass and organic waste utilization and product upgrading, and (5) the catalytic processes involved in biomass and organic waste utilization and product upgrading.

Dr. Chao Liu
Dr. Xing Wang
Dr. Ming Lei
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomass
  • organic waste
  • valorization
  • low-carbon technologies
  • thermal conversion
  • electrochemical conversion
  • photochemical conversion
  • biochemical conversion
  • pretreatment
  • catalysis

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1188 KiB  
Article
Conversion of Polyethylene to High-Yield Fuel Oil at Low Temperatures and Atmospheric Initial Pressure
by Yuanjia Zhang, Xueru Chen, Leilei Cheng, Jing Gu and Yulin Xu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(5), 4048; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054048 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1319
Abstract
The transformation of waste plastics into fuels via energy-efficient and low-cost pyrolysis could incentivize better waste plastic management. Here, we report pressure-induced phase transitions in polyethylene, which continue to heat up without additional heat sources, prompting the thermal cracking of plastics into premium [...] Read more.
The transformation of waste plastics into fuels via energy-efficient and low-cost pyrolysis could incentivize better waste plastic management. Here, we report pressure-induced phase transitions in polyethylene, which continue to heat up without additional heat sources, prompting the thermal cracking of plastics into premium fuel products. When the nitrogen initial pressure is increased from 2 to 21 bar, a monotonically increasing peak temperature is observed (from 428.1 °C to 476.7 °C). At 21 bar pressure under different atmosphere conditions, the temperature change driven by high-pressure helium is lower than that driven by nitrogen or argon, indicating that phase transition is related to the interaction between long-chain hydrocarbons and intercalated high-pressure medium layers. In view of the high cost of high-pressure inert gases, the promotion or inhibition effect of low-boiling hydrocarbons (transitioning into the gaseous state with increasing temperature) on phase transition is explored, and a series of light components are used as phase transition initiators to replace high-pressure inert gases to experiment. The reason that the quantitative conversion of polyethylene to high-quality fuel products is realized through the addition of 1-hexene at a set temperature of 340 °C and the initial atmospheric pressure. This discovery provides a method for recycling plastics by low energy pyrolysis. In addition, we envisage recovering some of the light components after plastic pyrolysis as phase change initiators for the next batch of the process. This method is able to reduce the cost of light hydrocarbons or high-pressure gas insertion, reduce heat input, and improve material and energy utilization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Low-Carbon Valorization of Biomass and Organic Waste)
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10 pages, 2377 KiB  
Article
Exploiting the Waste Biomass of Durian Shell as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production at Room Temperature
by Che Zhao, Hongyuan Chen, Xiao Wu and Rui Shan
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 1760; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031760 - 18 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1650
Abstract
Durian shell, a biomass waste, was simply burned and then could serve as a heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification reaction of palm oil with methanol at room temperature. The chemical composition, structure, and morphology of the catalyst were well-characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, [...] Read more.
Durian shell, a biomass waste, was simply burned and then could serve as a heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification reaction of palm oil with methanol at room temperature. The chemical composition, structure, and morphology of the catalyst were well-characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XPS measurement. With the preparation temperature rising to 350 °C, the maximum yield of the biodiesel could reach 94.1% at room temperature, and the optimum reaction conditions were 8 wt.% catalyst, 8:1 methanol/oil molar ratio, ad 2.5 h reaction time. The characterizations results indicated that K2O and K2CO3 existed on the surface of catalyst, and a moderate amount of carbon, which acts as a carrier, attributed to the activity of the catalyst. After repeating five times, the catalyst prepared at 350 °C showed better stability than other catalysts. This might be because the incomplete combustion of the remaining carbon slowed down the loss of K to some extent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Low-Carbon Valorization of Biomass and Organic Waste)
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11 pages, 5600 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation of an Improved Updraft Biomass Gasifier Based on Aspen Plus
by Fugang Zhu, Laihong Shen, Pengcheng Xu, Haoran Yuan, Ming Hu, Jingwei Qi and Yong Chen
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(24), 17089; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192417089 - 19 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2050
Abstract
In this paper, numerical investigation and optimization is conducted upon an improved updraft gasifier which is expected to overcome the weakness of conventional updraft gasifier. The comprehensive Aspen Plus model of the improved updraft gasifier is based on the RYield and RCSTR reactor. [...] Read more.
In this paper, numerical investigation and optimization is conducted upon an improved updraft gasifier which is expected to overcome the weakness of conventional updraft gasifier. The comprehensive Aspen Plus model of the improved updraft gasifier is based on the RYield and RCSTR reactor. The tar prediction model is constructed, and the yield of tar is determined by the volatile of biomass and gasification temperature. The Aspen Plus simulation results agree very well with experiment results for the product yields and gasification efficiency, which shows the accuracy of the Aspen Plus model. The tar content in syngas of the improved gasifier is proved to be much lower than that of the conventional one by this model. The inflection point of the gasification efficiency occurs when air ratio is 0.25, and the optimum steam proportion in the air is 7.5%. Such a comprehensive investigation could provide necessary information for the optimal design and operation of the improved updraft gasifier. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Low-Carbon Valorization of Biomass and Organic Waste)
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