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Hydrological Responses to Climate Change
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Hydrological Responses to Climate Change

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 8648

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Peng Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Interests: hydrological modeling; permafrost hydrology; climate change

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change is becoming an increasingly rigorous environmental stressor. Recent studies indicate that there has been continuous warming throughout the 21st century, with concurrent changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET), wind, and many other hydrologic components. The overall results of climate changes are complex, and may significantly modify the spatial and temporal distribution of hydrologic processes. For example, the rain to snow ratio will increase and runoff peaks will move the spring in snow-dominated watersheds. A greater percentage of winter precipitation generates more runoff than in summer due to the lower evaporative demand. The remarkable warming and wetting occurring in certain cold regions, such as the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, will alter the thermal and hydrological properties in permafrost regions. Such systematic changes in hydrology will likely affect the interaction between surface and subsurface waters. An altered stream flow may reset the discharge/recharge pattern. Accordingly, the connection between surface and subsurface waters can be either enhanced or reduced in different seasons and at different spatial locations.

Changes in hydrologic processes can potentially alter the ecosystem. However, few attempts have been made to study the integrity of the entire surface–subsurface water system under the pressure of climate change. A holistic picture is still missing for the future water resource distribution in space and time, considering the interaction in the system and the consequent sustainability of local ecosystems.

The focus of this Special Issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) is the current state of knowledge on climate change impacts on hydrology. New research papers, reviews, case reports and conference papers are welcome. Papers with insights into extreme hydroclimatic events under climate change are also encouraged. Other acceptable manuscript types include methodological papers, brief reports, and commentaries.

Dr. Peng Jiang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change
  • hydrological processes
  • floods
  • droughts
  • extreme events
  • water resources

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 5648 KiB  
Article
Application of “Behind the Barriers” Model at Neighbourhood Scale to Improve Water Management under Multi-Risks Scenarios: A Case Study in Lyon, France
by Bruno Barroca, Maria Fabrizia Clemente and Zhuyu Yang
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2587; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032587 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1831
Abstract
In modern urban areas, water management highly depends on the socio-ecological urban water cycle (UWC) that heavily relies on water infrastructures. However, increasing water-related hazards, natural and/or human-based, makes it difficult to balance water resources in the socio-ecological UWC. In the last decade, [...] Read more.
In modern urban areas, water management highly depends on the socio-ecological urban water cycle (UWC) that heavily relies on water infrastructures. However, increasing water-related hazards, natural and/or human-based, makes it difficult to balance water resources in the socio-ecological UWC. In the last decade, urban infrastructure resilience has rapidly become a popular topic in disaster risk management and inspired many studies and operational approaches. Among these theories and methods, the “Behind the Barriers” model (BB model), developed by Barroca and Serre in 2013, is considered a theory that allows effective and comprehensive analysis of urban infrastructure resilience through cognitive, functional, correlative, and organisational dimensions. Moreover, this analysis can be a reference to develop actions that improve infrastructure resilience under critical scenarios. Therefore, this study aims to study resilience design actions based on the BB model to achieve socio-ecological water balance and assess the performance of these actions. The study focuses on water management on a neighbourhood scale, which is considered the essential urban unit to study and improve the resilience of critical infrastructures, such as water services. The Part-Dieu neighbourhood in Lyon, France is selected as a case study, and it highlights the need to develop indicators to assess the performance of implemented actions in a structural and global resilience framework, to understand urban systems as complex and dynamic systems to provide decision support, and to strengthen crisis prevention and management perspectives in a dynamic approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrological Responses to Climate Change)
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15 pages, 5950 KiB  
Article
Hydrological Analysis of Batu Dam, Malaysia in the Urban Area: Flood and Failure Analysis Preparing for Climate Change
by Siti Mariam Allias Omar, Wan Noorul Hafilah Wan Ariffin, Lariyah Mohd Sidek, Hidayah Basri, Mohd Hazri Moh Khambali and Ali Najah Ahmed
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(24), 16530; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416530 - 9 Dec 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2445
Abstract
Extensive hydrological analysis is carried out to estimate floods for the Batu Dam, a hydropower dam located in the urban area upstream of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The study demonstrates the operational state and reliability of the dam structure based on hydrologic assessment of [...] Read more.
Extensive hydrological analysis is carried out to estimate floods for the Batu Dam, a hydropower dam located in the urban area upstream of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The study demonstrates the operational state and reliability of the dam structure based on hydrologic assessment of the dam. The surrounding area is affected by heavy rainfall and climate change every year, which increases the probability of flooding and threatens a dense population downstream of the dam. This study evaluates the adequacy of dam spillways by considering the latest Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) and Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) values of the concerned dams. In this study, the PMP estimations are applied using comparison of both statistical method by Hershfield and National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM) Envelope Curve as input for PMF establishments. Since the PMF is derived from the PMP values, the highest design flood standard can be applied to any dam, ensuring inflow into the reservoirs and limiting the risk of dam structural failure. Hydrologic modeling using HEC-HMS provides PMF values for the Batu dam. Based on the results, Batu Dam is found to have 200.6 m3/s spillway discharge capacities. Under PMF conditions, the Batu dam will not face overtopping since the peak outflow of the reservoir level is still below the crest level of the dam. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrological Responses to Climate Change)
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22 pages, 4995 KiB  
Article
Meteorological Drought Variability and Its Impact on Wheat Yields across South Africa
by Gift Nxumalo, Bashar Bashir, Karam Alsafadi, Hussein Bachir, Endre Harsányi, Sana Arshad and Safwan Mohammed
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(24), 16469; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416469 - 8 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2432
Abstract
Drought is one of the natural hazards that have negatively affected the agricultural sector worldwide. The aims of this study were to track drought characteristics (duration (DD), severity (DS), and frequency (DF)) in South Africa between 2002 and 2021 and to evaluate its [...] Read more.
Drought is one of the natural hazards that have negatively affected the agricultural sector worldwide. The aims of this study were to track drought characteristics (duration (DD), severity (DS), and frequency (DF)) in South Africa between 2002 and 2021 and to evaluate its impact on wheat production. Climate data were collected from the South African Weather Service (SAWS) along with wheat yield data from the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (2002–2021). The standard precipitation index (SPI) was calculated on 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month time scales, and the trend was then tracked using the Mann–Kendall (MK) test. To signify the climatic effects on crop yield, the standardized yield residual series (SYRS) was computed along with the crop-drought resilience factor (CR) on a provincial scale (2002–2021). The output of the SPI analysis for 32 stations covering all of South Africa indicates a drought tendency across the country. On a regional scale, western coastal provinces (WES-C and NR-C) have been more vulnerable to meteorological droughts over the past 20 years. Positive correlation results between SYRS and wheat yield indicate that the WES-C province was highly influenced by drought during all stages of wheat growth (Apr–Nov). Historical drought spells in 2003, 2009, and 2010 with low CR = 0.64 caused the province to be highly impacted by the negative impacts of droughts on yield loss. Overall, drought events have historically impacted the western part of the country and dominated in the coastal area. Thus, mitigation plans should be commenced, and priority should be given to this region. These findings can assist policymakers in budgeting for irrigation demand in rainfed agricultural regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrological Responses to Climate Change)
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19 pages, 4527 KiB  
Article
Vegetation Changing Patterns and Its Sensitivity to Climate Variability across Seven Major Watersheds in China
by Qin Wang, Qin Ju, Yueyang Wang, Quanxi Shao, Rongrong Zhang, Yanli Liu and Zhenchun Hao
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(21), 13916; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113916 - 26 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1383
Abstract
Climate changes have profound impacts on vegetation and further alter hydrological processes through transpiration, interception, and evaporation. This study investigated vegetation’s changing patterns and its sensitivity to climate variability across seven major watersheds in China based on a hybrid regionalization approach and a [...] Read more.
Climate changes have profound impacts on vegetation and further alter hydrological processes through transpiration, interception, and evaporation. This study investigated vegetation’s changing patterns and its sensitivity to climate variability across seven major watersheds in China based on a hybrid regionalization approach and a novel, empirical index—Vegetation Sensitivity Index (VSI). Vegetation showed linearly increasing trends in most of the seven watersheds, while decreases in vegetation were mostly found in the source regions of the Yangtze River Basin (YZRB) and Yellow River Basin (YRB), the forest and grassland areas of the Songhua River Basin (SHRB) and Liao River Basin (LRB), the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta during the growing season. The selected watersheds can be categorized into 11 sub-regions, and the regionalization result was consistent with the topography and vegetation types; the characteristics of vegetation dynamics were more homogeneous among sub-regions. Vegetation types such as forests and shrubland in the central parts of the YZRB were relatively more vulnerable to climate variations than the grasslands and alpine meadows and tundra (AMT) in the source regions of the YZRB and YRB and the Loess Plateau of the YRB. In arid and semi-arid regions, precipitation had a profound impact on vegetation, while, at low latitudes, solar radiation was the main controlling factor. Such comprehensive investigations of the vegetation–climate relationship patterns across various watersheds are expected to provide a foundation for the exploration of future climate change impacts on ecosystems at the watershed scale. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrological Responses to Climate Change)
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