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Cancer Incidence and Risk Factors: Preventing Cancer across the Life Course

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Public Health Statistics and Risk Assessment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 9834

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kelly A. Hirko

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Interests: cancer prevention; lifestyle risk factors; cancer disparities; etiology of breast cancer
Prof. Dr. Dorothy R. Pathak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Interests: cancer etiology; cancer prevention; breast cancer risks; cancer incidence

Special Issue Information

Cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide. Environmental and/or potentially modifiable risk factors are important to investigate to reduce the overall burden of cancer. Indeed, more than 40% of cancers are attributable to modifiable lifestyle risk factors and could be preventable. Characterizing the constellation of exposures and risk factors over the life course is key in cancer prevention. While specific etiologically relevant windows of susceptibility to cancer risk factors have been proposed, more research is needed to characterize the interplay of environmental and lifestyle factors with timing of exposures in the life course. In this Special Issue, we welcome manuscript submissions focused on understanding how exposures to known cancer risk or protective factors may vary based on the timing of exposure across the life course. The requested manuscripts can focus on multiple cancer sites and risk factors, including alcohol, tobacco and secondhand smoke, traffic-related air pollution and chemicals, as well as protective behaviors, such as consuming a healthy diet, being physically active, maintaining a healthy weight, and using sun protection. Studies examining etiologically relevant time periods for exposure to cancer risk factors, and those using innovative methodologies to characterize exposures across the life course are of particular interest.

Dr. Kelly A. Hirko
Prof. Dr. Dorothy R. Pathak
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • cancer
  • prevention
  • life course
  • risk factors
  • modifiable
  • lifestyle
  • environmental
  • early-life exposures

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 504 KiB  
Article
Cabbage and Sauerkraut Consumption in Adolescence and Adulthood and Breast Cancer Risk among US-Resident Polish Migrant Women
by Dorothy Rybaczyk Pathak, Aryeh D. Stein, Jian-Ping He, Mary M. Noel, Larry Hembroff, Dorothy A. Nelson, Fawn Vigneau, Tiefu Shen, Laura J. Scott, Jadwiga Charzewska, Bożena Wajszczyk, Karen Clark, Leszek A. Rybaczyk, Bogdan A. Pathak, Dorota Błaszczyk, Ann Bankowski and Walter C. Willett
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(20), 10795; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010795 - 14 Oct 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4169
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality are lower in Poland than in the United States (US). However, Polish-born migrant women to US approach the higher BC mortality rates of US women. We evaluated the association between consumption of cabbage/sauerkraut foods and BC [...] Read more.
Background: Breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality are lower in Poland than in the United States (US). However, Polish-born migrant women to US approach the higher BC mortality rates of US women. We evaluated the association between consumption of cabbage/sauerkraut foods and BC risk in Polish-born migrants to US. Methods: We conducted a case–control study of BC among Polish-born migrants in Cook County and the Detroit Metropolitan Area. Cases (n = 131) were 20–79 years old with histological/cytological confirmation of invasive BC. Population-based controls (n = 284) were frequency matched to cases on age and residence. Food frequency questionnaires assessed diet during adulthood and age 12–13 years. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated with conditional logistic regression. Consumption of total, raw/short-cooked, and long-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods was categorized as low, medium, or high (frequency of servings/week). Results: Higher consumption of total and raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods, during both adolescence and adulthood, was associated with a significantly lower BC risk. Consumption of long-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods was low and not significantly associated with risk. The multivariate OR for total cabbage/sauerkraut consumption, high vs. low (>4 vs. ≤2 servings/week) during adolescence was 0.36 (95% CI = 0.18–0.71, ptrend < 0.01) and 0.50 (95% CI = 0.23–1.06, ptrend = 0.08) during adulthood. For raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut (>3 vs. ≤1.5 servings/week), the ORs were 0.35 (95% CI = 0.16–0.72, ptrend < 0.01) during adolescence and 0.37 (95% CI = 0.17–0.78, ptrend < 0.01) during adulthood. For joint adolescent/adult consumption of raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods, (high, high) vs. (low, low), the OR was 0.23 (95% CI = 0.07–0.65). The significant association for high adolescent consumption of raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods and reduced BC risk was consistent across all levels of consumption in adulthood. Conclusion: Greater consumption of total and raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods either during adolescence or adulthood was associated with significantly reduced BC risk among Polish migrant women. These findings contribute to the growing literature suggesting a protective effect of a potentially modifiable factor, cruciferous vegetable intake, on breast cancer risk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Incidence and Risk Factors: Preventing Cancer across the Life Course)
10 pages, 587 KiB  
Article
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study
by En-Bo Wu, Fung-Chang Sung, Cheng-Li Lin, Kuen-Lin Wu and Kuen-Bao Chen
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(16), 8655; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168655 - 16 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4704
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common disease and one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the risk of developing CRC in people with hemorrhoids. Using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, we established three sets of [...] Read more.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common disease and one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the risk of developing CRC in people with hemorrhoids. Using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, we established three sets of retrospective study cohorts with and without hemorrhoids. The first set of cohorts were matched by sex and age, the second set of cohorts were matched by propensity score without including colonoscopies, and the third set of cohorts were matched by propensity score with colonoscopies, colorectal adenomas, and appendectomies included. In the second set of cohorts, 36,864 persons with hemorrhoids that were diagnosed from 2000 to 2010 and a comparison cohort, with the same size and matched by propensity score, were established and followed up to the end of 2011 to assess the incidence and Cox proportional regression-measured hazard ratio (HR) of CRC. The overall incidence rate of CRC was 2.39 times greater in the hemorrhoid cohort than it was in the comparison cohort (1.29 vs. 0.54 per 1000 person-years), with a multivariable model measured adjusted HR of 2.18 (95% CI = 1.78–2.67) after controlling for sex, age, and comorbidity. Further analysis on the CRC incidence rates among colorectal sites revealed higher incidence rates at the rectum and sigmoid than at other sites, with adjusted HRs 2.20 (95% CI = 1.48–3.28) and 1.79 (95% CI = 1.06–3.02), respectively. The overall incidence rates of both cohorts were similar in the first and second sets of cohorts, whereas the rate was lower in the third set of hemorrhoid cohorts than in the respective comparison cohorts, probably because of overmatching. Our findings suggest that patients with hemorrhoids were at an elevated risk of developing CRC. Colonoscopy may be strongly suggested for identifying CRC among those with hemorrhoids, especially if they have received a positive fecal occult blood test result. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Incidence and Risk Factors: Preventing Cancer across the Life Course)
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