Innate Immunity: New Insights into Genetic and Signaling Networks
A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 1218
Special Issue Editor
Interests: immunology; immunology of infectious diseases; laboratory medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The study of innate immunity has identified the complicated networks that every organism possesses to enable protection against invading pathogens. The successful initiation and regulation of the innate immune response is important since it is the first line of defense. The effectiveness of innate immunity relies on recognition of the pathogen, followed by the activation of signaling pathways, which, in turn, lead to the production of a variety of cytokines and chemokines, subsequently engaging adaptive immune responses. The signals, which can be either exogenous (pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)) or endogenous (danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)), are being recognized by a range of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). These receptors mainly belong to the toll-like receptor (TLR), NOD-Like receptor (NLR), RIG-I-Like receptor (RLR), cytosolic DNA sensor (CDS) and C-type lectin receptor (CLR) varieties. The immediate response that is triggered by the PRRs activates a cascade of intracellular signaling, driving the expression of a variety of proinflammatory molecules necessary for the early host response to infection. The soluble mediators of innate immunity, secreted mostly by macrophages, include TNF-α, Type I Interferons (IFN-α, IFN-β), IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, TGF-β and chemokines. All these components participate in phagocytosis, inflammation and the synthesis of acute-phase proteins.
The pathogen recognition and signaling mechanisms involved in the innate immune response have been of a major focus of recent research. Despite the fact that they are highly evolutionarily conserved, the technological development in molecular genetics has advanced this field, bringing forth new information about both genetic and other factors that might contribute. Examples of innovations in innate immunity are the research into developing drugs targeting the innate immune pathway for cancer curation and the research into the management of atherosclerosis. This Special Issue will uncover new findings regarding the genetic and signaling networks of innate immunity.
Dr. Styliani Sarrou
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- innate immunity
- innate immune response
- signaling pathways
- genetic variations
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