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Molecular Study of Bacterial Pneumonia and Pathogens

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 4750

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
iMed.ULisboa–Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649004 Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: tuberculosis and gram-negative genomic epidemiology and drug resistance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) have been estimated to affect 489 million people worldwide and were also responsible for in excess of 2.49 million deaths in 2019, as revealed by the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. The same study estimated that, in the same year, LRTIs were responsible for 97.2 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Moreover, it is important to note that as a clinical entity, pneumonia can be classified as community-acquired pneumonia or hostpital-acquired pneumonia, each also differing regarding its etiology and pathology. Additionally, a diverse range of microorganisms can be the causative agents of pneumonia, including bacteria, viruses and fungi. This Special Issue will focus on bacterial pneumonia, encompassing either of its clinical forms with a focus on molecular aspects characterizing the disease presentation, transmission and epidemiology. The fact that a diverse set of bacterial species can act as causative agents of this disease, with varying geographical distributions and distinct resistance patterns and mechanisms, prompts the implementation of research on molecular mechanisms underlying the disease presentation, pathogen transmission and acquisition of resistance.   

The main objective of this Special Issue is to publish high-quality research on these topics, and either original or review articles are welcomed.

Dr. João Perdigão
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • community-acquired pneumonia
  • hospital-acquired pneumonia
  • lower respiratory tract infections
  • resistance
  • epidemiology

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 368 KiB  
Review
The Global Burden of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults, Encompassing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and the Prevalence of Its Associated Cardiovascular Events, with a Focus on Pneumolysin and Macrolide Antibiotics in Pathogenesis and Therapy
by Ronald Anderson and Charles Feldman
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(13), 11038; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311038 - 3 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4468
Abstract
Despite innovative advances in anti-infective therapies and vaccine development technologies, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains the most persistent cause of infection-related mortality globally. Confronting the ongoing threat posed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus), the most common bacterial cause of CAP, particularly to the non-immune [...] Read more.
Despite innovative advances in anti-infective therapies and vaccine development technologies, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains the most persistent cause of infection-related mortality globally. Confronting the ongoing threat posed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus), the most common bacterial cause of CAP, particularly to the non-immune elderly, remains challenging due to the propensity of the elderly to develop invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), together with the predilection of the pathogen for the heart. The resultant development of often fatal cardiovascular events (CVEs), particularly during the first seven days of acute infection, is now recognized as a relatively common complication of IPD. The current review represents an update on the prevalence and types of CVEs associated with acute bacterial CAP, particularly IPD. In addition, it is focused on recent insights into the involvement of the pneumococcal pore-forming toxin, pneumolysin (Ply), in subverting host immune defenses, particularly the protective functions of the alveolar macrophage during early-stage disease. This, in turn, enables extra-pulmonary dissemination of the pathogen, leading to cardiac invasion, cardiotoxicity and myocardial dysfunction. The review concludes with an overview of the current status of macrolide antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial CAP in general, as well as severe pneumococcal CAP, including a consideration of the mechanisms by which these agents inhibit the production of Ply by macrolide-resistant strains of the pathogen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Study of Bacterial Pneumonia and Pathogens)
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