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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vulnerability to Stress-Related Disorders

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 845

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Psychobiology, Psychology Faculty, Campus of Blasco Ibáñez, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
2. Interuniversity Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Valencia, Spain
Interests: cognitive neuroscience; dopamine; dopamine transporter; stress; addiction; nanoparticles; neurodegeneration
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is considerable interest in understanding what makes an individual vulnerable or resilient to the deleterious effects of stress. Chronic stress-related psychiatric conditions such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and drug abuse, among others, are an enormous public health concern. The etiology of these pathologies is complex, with psychosocial stressors being among the most frequently discussed risk factors. The transition probability to the disease is increased under stress in vulnerable people for genetic or non-genetic reasons. Not everyone with high levels of stress exposure will develop psychiatric disorders. The underlying pathophysiology of stress-related disorders remains ambiguous.

The present Special Issue brings an excellent opportunity to converge the most updated state of current research studies related to vulnerability to stress. We call for molecular and genetic studies as well as behavioral and pharmaceutical approaches to help better understand the underlying mechanisms related to response to stress in search of new treatment approaches for the devastating impact of stress-related diseases worldwide.

We welcome manuscripts that include, but are not limited to, the following potential topics:

  • Influences of different types of stressors in pathology and their underlying mechanisms;
  • Innovative pharmacological targets for the treatment of stress-related disorders;
  • New models to study biological mechanisms regulating stress-related disorders;
  • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of stress;
  • The behavioral impact of stress and its underlying mechanisms;
  • Molecular mechanisms of post-traumatic stress disorder;
  • Future perspectives on genetic and biochemical markers for stress-related disorders;
  • Genetic approaches to stress and its effects on behavior.

We welcome several types of research articles, including reviews, case reports, and original research articles. We also encourage young researchers to participate in this Special Issue.

Dr. Marta Pardo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • stress-related disorders
  • post-traumatic stress disorder
  • molecular mechanisms
  • pharmacological targets

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 2099 KiB  
Case Report
Stress-Related Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Case Report with a Positive Response to Alpha-Methyl-P-Tyrosine (AMPT) Treatment
by Maria Ljungström, Elisa Oltra and Marta Pardo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(14), 7778; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147778 - 16 Jul 2024
Viewed by 715
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a heterogeneous disorder with a genetically associated vulnerability of the catecholamine metabolism (e.g., catechol O-methyltransferase polymorphisms), in which environmental factors have an important impact. Alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT; also referred to as metyrosine) is an approved medication for the treatment [...] Read more.
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a heterogeneous disorder with a genetically associated vulnerability of the catecholamine metabolism (e.g., catechol O-methyltransferase polymorphisms), in which environmental factors have an important impact. Alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT; also referred to as metyrosine) is an approved medication for the treatment of pheochromocytoma. As a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, AMPT may be a potential candidate for the treatment of diseases involving catecholamine alterations. However, only small-scale clinical trials have tested AMPT repurposing in a few other illnesses. The current case report compiles genetic and longitudinal biochemical data for over a year of follow-up of a male patient sequentially diagnosed with sustained overstress, neurasthenia, CFS (diagnosed in 2012 as per the Center for Disease Control (CDC/Fukuda)), and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) over a 10-year period and reports the patient’s symptom improvement in response to low–medium doses of AMPT. This case was recognized as a stress-related CFS case. Data are reported from medical records provided by the patient to allow a detailed response to treatment targeting the hyperadrenergic state presented by the patient. We highlight the lack of a positive response to classical approaches to treating CFS, reflecting the limitations of CFS diagnosis and available treatments to alleviate patients’ symptoms. The current pathomechanism hypothesis emphasizes monoamine alterations (hyperadrenergic state) in the DA/adrenergic system and a dysfunctional autonomic nervous system resulting from sympathetic overactivity. The response of the patient to AMPT treatment highlights the relevance of pacing with regard to stressful situations and increased activity. Importantly, the results do not indicate causality between AMPT and its action on the monoamine system, and future studies should evaluate the implications of other targets. Full article
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