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Development and Biomedical Application of Nanofibers

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Nanoscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 5585

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Dr. Jong-Young Kwak

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Guest Editor

Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine & Three-Dimensional Immune System Imaging Core Center, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
Interests: 3D cell culture and tissue engineering; immune microenvironment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The extracellular matrix (ECM) controls the growth of cells under a three-dimensional (3D) environment in living tissues. A 3D cell culture method is biomimetic and can improve cell culture efficiency because two-dimensional (2D) cell culture has an extracellular environment different from that of living tissues. Nanofiber structure mimics the configuration of native ECM in biological tissues. Thus, nanofibers can provide a 3D architecture in cell culture and tissue engineering. However, an ideal nanofibrous scaffold for ECM replacement should provide in-vivo-like ECM–cell interactions. Many biocompatible and biodegradable natural and synthetic polymers are nanofiber composites for tissue engineering applications. The nanofiber structure and composites may influence cellular behaviors, including cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. However, information regarding the mechanisms underlying these effects of the scaffolds on cellular behavior is limited. Recently, many research groups have developed nanofiber-based 3D cell culture and tissue engineering and its biomedical application.

This Special Issue welcomes original research articles and review papers that deal with the functions of various cells in nanofiber-based culture conditions mimicking normal tissue and disease.

Dr. Jong-Young Kwak
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

nanofiber
3D cell culture
coculture
tissue engineering
nanobiology
extracellular environment
artificial tissue
organoids
biomaterials

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 5216 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Producing and Testing Prototype Tissue-Engineered 3D Tri-Leaflet Valved Stents on Biodegradable Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffolds

by Georg Lutter, Nina Sophie Pommert, Xiling Zhang, Jette Seiler, Monireh Saeid Nia, David Meier, Stephanie L. Sellers, Stanislav N. Gorb, Jan-Hinnerk Hansen, Hatim Seoudy, Oliver J. Müller, Mohammed Saad, Assad Haneya, Derk Frank, Thomas Puehler and Janarthanan Sathananthan

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(24), 17357; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417357 - 11 Dec 2023

Viewed by 1141

Abstract

Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement is a minimally-invasive alternative treatment for right ventricular outflow tract dysfunction and has been rapidly evolving over the past years. Heart valve prostheses currently available still have major limitations. Therefore, one of the significant challenges for the future is the roll out of transcatheter tissue engineered pulmonary valve replacement to more patients. In the present study, biodegradable poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) nanofiber scaffolds in the form of a 3D leaflet matrix were successfully seeded with human endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (hMSCs), and porcine MSCs (pMSCs) for three weeks for the generation of 3D tissue-engineered tri-leaflet valved stent grafts. The cell adhesion, proliferation, and distribution of these 3D heart leaflets was analyzed using fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All cell lineages were able to increase the overgrown leaflet area within the three-week timeframe. While hMSCs showed a consistent growth rate over the course of three weeks, ECFSs showed almost no increase between days 7 and 14 until a growth spurt appeared between days 14 and 21. More than 90% of heart valve leaflets were covered with cells after the full three-week culturing cycle in nearly all leaflet areas, regardless of which cell type was used. This study shows that seeded biodegradable PCL nanofiber scaffolds incorporated in nitinol or biodegradable stents will offer a new therapeutic option in the future. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Biomedical Application of Nanofibers)

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23 pages, 13456 KiB

Open AccessArticle

β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Modified Aerogel Containing PVA/Chitosan Hybrid Nanospun Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

by Róbert Boda, István Lázár, Andrea Keczánné-Üveges, József Bakó, Ferenc Tóth, György Trencsényi, Ibolya Kálmán-Szabó, Monika Béresová, Zsófi Sajtos, Etelka D. Tóth, Ádám Deák, Adrienn Tóth, Dóra Horváth, Botond Gaál, Lajos Daróczi, Balázs Dezső, László Ducza and Csaba Hegedűs

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7562; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087562 - 20 Apr 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1927

Abstract

Electrospinning has recently been recognized as a potential method for use in biomedical applications such as nanofiber-based drug delivery or tissue engineering scaffolds. The present study aimed to demonstrate the electrospinning preparation and suitability of β-tricalcium phosphate-modified aerogel containing polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan fibrous meshes (BTCP-AE-FMs) for bone regeneration under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The mesh physicochemical properties included a 147 ± 50 nm fibrous structure, in aqueous media the contact angles were 64.1 ± 1.7°, and it released Ca, P, and Si. The viability of dental pulp stem cells on the BTCP-AE-FM was proven by an alamarBlue assay and with a scanning electron microscope. Critical-size calvarial defects in rats were performed as in vivo experiments to investigate the influence of meshes on bone regeneration. PET imaging using ¹⁸F-sodium fluoride standardized uptake values (SUVs) detected 7.40 ± 1.03 using polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan fibrous meshes (FMs) while 10.72 ± 1.11 with BTCP-AE-FMs after 6 months. New bone formations were confirmed by histological analysis. Despite a slight change in the morphology of the mesh because of cross-linking, the BTCP-AE-FM basically retained its fibrous, porous structure and hydrophilic and biocompatible character. Our experiments proved that hybrid nanospun scaffold composite mesh could be a new experimental bone substitute bioactive material in future medical practice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Biomedical Application of Nanofibers)

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Review

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31 pages, 4228 KiB

Open AccessReview

PVA-Based Electrospun Materials—A Promising Route to Designing Nanofiber Mats with Desired Morphological Shape—A Review

by Gizem Ceylan Türkoğlu, Niloufar Khomarloo, Elham Mohsenzadeh, Dilyana Nikolaeva Gospodinova, Margarita Neznakomova and Fabien Salaün

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1668; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031668 - 30 Jan 2024

Viewed by 2047

Abstract

Poly(vinyl alcohol) is one of the most attractive polymers with a wide range of uses because of its water solubility, biocompatibility, low toxicity, good mechanical properties, and relatively low cost. This review article focuses on recent advances in poly(vinyl alcohol) electrospinning and summarizes parameters of the process (voltage, distance, flow rate, and collector), solution (molecular weight and concentration), and ambient (humidity and temperature) in order to comprehend the influence on the structural, mechanical, and chemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-based electrospun matrices. The importance of poly(vinyl alcohol) electrospinning in biomedical applications is emphasized by exploring a literature review on biomedical applications including wound dressings, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensors. The study also highlights a new promising area of particles formation through the electrospraying of poly(vinyl alcohol). The limitations and advantages of working with different poly(vinyl alcohol) matrices are reviewed, and some recommendations for the future are made to advance this field of study. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Biomedical Application of Nanofibers)

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