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Study on Targeting Cancer Stem Cell Pathways for Cancer Therapy

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 2855

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
Interests: gastric/glioma/sarcoma cancer stem cell; tumor organoid; cell signaling; chemoresistance; metastaisis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The cancer stem cell (CSC) theory postulates that cancers harbor a subset of cells that share characteristics of normal stem cells, with a capacity for self-renewal and an ability to differentiate into many cell types. CSCs have evolved and are highly heterogeneous. The heterogeneity of CSCs is so complex that more effective biomarkers are needed to identify CSCs or distinguish the heterogeneity of CSCs. Furthermore, numerous studies have demonstrated that purported CSCs are more resistant to chemotherapy than non-CSCs. So, understanding the mechanism of CSC drug resistance is vital for cancer treatment and preventing recurrence. To understand the nature of CSCs, this special issue intends to investigate their characteristics, methods for identification and isolation, regulation and current research on targeting CSCs for cancer therapy both in basic research and clinical studies.

Dr. Changhwan Yoon
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 4078 KiB  
Article
Physalin A, 13,14-Seco-16, 24-Cyclo-Steroid, Inhibits Stemness of Breast Cancer Cells by Regulation of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway and Yes-Associated Protein 1 (YAP1)
by Yu-Chan Ko, Hack Sun Choi, Ren Liu and Dong-Sun Lee
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(16), 8718; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168718 - 13 Aug 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2305
Abstract
The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays an important role in embryonic development and adult organ homeostasis. Aberrant activity of the Hedgehog signaling pathway induces many developmental disorders and cancers. Recent studies have investigated the relationship of this pathway with various cancers. GPCR-like protein [...] Read more.
The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays an important role in embryonic development and adult organ homeostasis. Aberrant activity of the Hedgehog signaling pathway induces many developmental disorders and cancers. Recent studies have investigated the relationship of this pathway with various cancers. GPCR-like protein Smoothened (SMO) and the glioma-associated oncogene (GLI1) are the main effectors of Hedgehog signaling. Physalin A, a bioactive substance derived from Physalis alkekengi, inhibits proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and mammospheres formation. Physalin A-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition of mammospheres, and reduced transcripts of cancer stem cell (CSC) marker genes. Physalin A reduced protein expressions of SMO and GLI1/2. Down-regulation of SMO and GLI1 using siRNA inhibited mammosphere formation. Physalin A reduced mammosphere formation by reducing GLI1 gene expression. Down-regulation of GLI1 reduced CSC marker genes. Physalin A reduced protein level of YAP1. Down-regulation of YAP1 using siRNA inhibited mammosphere formation. Physalin A reduced mammosphere formation through reduction of YAP1 gene expression. Down-regulation of YAP1 reduced CSC marker genes. We showed that treatment of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with GLI1 siRNA induced inhibition of mammosphere formation and down-regulation of YAP1, a Hippo pathway effector. These results show that Hippo signaling is regulated by the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Physalin A also inhibits the canonical Hedgehog and Hippo signaling pathways, CSC-specific genes, and the formation of mammospheres. These findings suggest that physalin A is a potential therapeutic agent for targeting CSCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Targeting Cancer Stem Cell Pathways for Cancer Therapy)
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