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Molecular Advances in Dry Eye Syndrome

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 1716

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
GI-2092—Optometry, Department of Applied Physics (Optometry Area), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: dry eye disease; ocular surface; contact lens; tear substitutes

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Guest Editor
Clinical Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: ocular drug delivery; ocular pharmacokinetic; drug development; pharmacogenetics; clinical and translational research
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular surface disease affecting a significant percentage of the population. Caused by tear film homeostasis disruption, DED is characterized by dryness, inflammation, discomfort, and visual disturbances. This condition greatly affects the quality of life of patients, and can potentially lead to permanent vision loss.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to report recent molecular advances in DED to assist in developing a better knowledge of DED-related pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic approaches.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, both immune and adaptive immune responses, ocular surface signs and symptoms, diagnostic methods, new pharmacological treatments, and specialized drug delivery systems.

Dr. Maria Jesus Giráldez-Fernández
Dr. Anxo Fernández Ferreiro
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • dry eye disease
  • tear film osmolarity
  • tear film
  • artificial tear substitutes
  • biological tear substitutes
  • tear fluid biomarkers
  • tear film lipid layer
  • meibomian gland dysfunction
  • evaporative dry eye
  • aqueous deficiency dry eye
  • ocular surface inflammation
  • cytokines
  • histological analysis
  • pharmacological treatment

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1125 KiB  
Article
Clinical Effectiveness, Safety, and Compliance of Two Compounded Formulations of Tacrolimus Eye Drops: An Open-Label, Sequential Prospective Study
by María Puente-Iglesias, Andrea Cuartero-Martínez, Rosario Touriño-Peralba, María Teresa Rodríguez-Ares, María Jesús Giráldez, Eva Yebra-Pimentel, Laura García-Quintanilla, Xurxo García-Otero, Miguel González-Barcia, Irene Zarra-Ferro, Francisco J. Otero-Espinar, Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro and Ana Castro-Balado
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(18), 9847; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189847 - 12 Sep 2024
Viewed by 368
Abstract
Ophthalmic tacrolimus compounded formulations are usually made from the commercial intravenous presentation, which contains ethanol as a solubilizer due to the low solubility of tacrolimus. The use of cyclodextrins is presented as an alternative to ethanol, an ocular irritant excipient, to avoid its [...] Read more.
Ophthalmic tacrolimus compounded formulations are usually made from the commercial intravenous presentation, which contains ethanol as a solubilizer due to the low solubility of tacrolimus. The use of cyclodextrins is presented as an alternative to ethanol, an ocular irritant excipient, to avoid its long-term irritant effects. Open-label, sequential, prospective study to compare effectiveness, safety, and adherence of a new formulation of 0.015% tacrolimus with cyclodextrins (TCD) versus 0.03% tacrolimus with ethanol (TE). The ocular evaluation was assessed by ocular signs, corneal staining, subjective questionnaires as Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of symptoms, lacrimal stability, ocular redness, and intraocular pressure. Compliance was assessed by VAS of adherence and empirically (difference between theoretical and actual consumption). Clinical ocular signs and corneal staining score remained stable for most patients 3 months after switching formulations. The TCD formulation did not modify the tear stability and intraocular pressure of the treated patients compared to the TE formulation. TCD eye drops significantly decreased the subjective pain values on VFQ-25 scale and burning sensation on the VAS symptom scale in comparison to TE formulation after 3 months after the change to TCD formulation. The novel tacrolimus in cyclodextrins formulation is a promising alternative for treating inflammatory ocular pathologies refractory to first-line treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Advances in Dry Eye Syndrome)
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17 pages, 11790 KiB  
Article
Meibum Lipidomic Analysis in Evaporative Dry Eye Subjects
by Jacobo Garcia-Queiruga, Hugo Pena-Verdeal, Belen Sabucedo-Villamarin, Monica Paz-Tarrio, Esteban Guitian-Fernandez, Carlos Garcia-Resua, Eva Yebra-Pimentel and Maria J. Giraldez
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(9), 4782; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094782 - 27 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1040
Abstract
Meibomian Glands (MG) are sebaceous glands responsible for the production of meibum, the main component of the Tear Film Lipid Layer (TFLL). The TFLL facilitates the spread of the tear film over the ocular surface, provides stability and reduces tear evaporation. Alterations in [...] Read more.
Meibomian Glands (MG) are sebaceous glands responsible for the production of meibum, the main component of the Tear Film Lipid Layer (TFLL). The TFLL facilitates the spread of the tear film over the ocular surface, provides stability and reduces tear evaporation. Alterations in meibum composition lead to different ocular alterations like Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) and subsequent Evaporative Dry Eye (EDE). The aim of the present study was to investigate the composition and abundance of meibum lipids and their relationship with eyelid margin abnormalities, lipid layer patterns and MG status. The study utilizes a lipidomic approach to identify and quantify lipids in meibum samples using an Elute UHPLC system. This system considered all four dimensions (mass/charge, retention time, ion mobility and intensity) to provide the accurate identification of lipid species. Samples were categorized as healthy or low/no signs of alteration (group 1) or severe signs of alteration or EDE/MGD (group 2). The current investigation found differences in Variable Importance in Projection lipid abundance between both groups for the MGD signs studied. Changes in meibum composition occur and are related to higher scores in eyelid margin hyperaemia, eyelid margin irregularity, MG orifice plugging, MG loss and lipid layer pattern. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Advances in Dry Eye Syndrome)
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