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Role of Natural Compounds in Neurological Diseases 2.0
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Role of Natural Compounds in Neurological Diseases 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 5775

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jessica Maiuolo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: blood brain barrier; neurodegenerative diseases; cellular biology and pharmacology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Vincenzo Mollace

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: neurological diseases; neurodegeneration; natural compounds; poliphenols; reactive oxygen species; apoptosis; autophagy; mitochondria; endoplasmic reticulum; blood brain barrier; endothelium involvement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Rosaria Arcone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Interests: skeletal muscle metabolism; exercise biochemistry; myokines; dietary polyphenols; inflammtion; interleukin-6
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Stefania Bulotta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: neurological diseases; neurodegeneration; natural compounds; poliphenols; reactive oxygen species; apoptosis; autophagy; mitochondria; endoplasmic reticulum; blood brain barrier; endothelium involvement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurological disorders are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system that can impair the functioning of brain, spinal cord, cranial and peripheral nerves, autonomous nervous system, nerve roots, and neuromuscular plaque. The main causes can be many: a) diseases due to gene alteration; b) degenerative diseases characterized by the progressive loss of populations of selectively vulnerable neurons; c) diseases of blood vessels which may cause brain bleeding; d) diseases due to problems in the development of the nervous system; e) disorders due to injury to the spinal cord or brain; f) convulsive disorders; g) brain tumors; and h) more or less severe infections. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested that good control of nutritional balance (with particular regard to the supply of micronutrients and nutraceuticals) in patients with neurological diseases leads to a significant improvement in the symptoms and consequences of these pathologies. In addition, many studies have examined the interaction between nutrients and their synergistic effects on the brain. The Mediterranean diet has been a “winning strategy” for maintaining health, and much experimental evidence has shown a close correlation between the Mediterranean diet and the best overall cognition and episodic memory, lower risk of cognitive impairment, and neurodegenerative diseases. The articles included in this Special Issue should specifically discuss these topics highlighting the close connection between neurological disorders and the use of natural compounds. In this respect, it would be desirable that authors also describe biochemical and biomolecular mechanisms.

Dr. Jessica Maiuolo
Prof. Dr. Vincenzo Mollace
Dr. Rosaria Arcone
Dr. Stefania Bulotta
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • neurological diseases
  • neurodegeneration
  • natural compounds
  • polyphenols
  • reactive oxygen species
  • apoptosis
  • autophagy
  • mitochondria
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • blood–brain barrier
  • endothelium involvement
  • inflammation
  • cytokine storm
  • chemokine
  • leukocytes
  • leukocyte infiltration
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • multiple sclerosis
  • Huntington’s disease
  • amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • neurodegenerative diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 10946 KiB  
Article
Differential Effects of the Processed and Unprocessed Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Ethanol Extracts on Neuritogenesis and Synaptogenesis in Rat Primary Hippocampal Neurons
by Yeasmin Akter Munni, Raju Dash, Ho Jin Choi, Sarmistha Mitra, Md. Abdul Hannan, Kishor Mazumder, Binod Timalsina and Il Soo Moon
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(17), 13386; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713386 - 29 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2535
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an aromatic herb known for its culinary and medicinal uses for centuries. Both unprocessed (white) and processed (black) garlic are known to protect against the pathobiology of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease [...] Read more.
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an aromatic herb known for its culinary and medicinal uses for centuries. Both unprocessed (white) and processed (black) garlic are known to protect against the pathobiology of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), which has been attributed to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The information on the effects of processed and unprocessed garlic on neuronal process outgrowth, maturation, and synaptic development is limited. This study aimed at investigating and comparing the effects of the ethanol extracts of unprocessed (white garlic extract, WGE) and processed (black garlic extract, BGE) garlic on the maturation of primary hippocampal neurons. Neurite outgrowth was stimulated in a dose-dependent manner by both WGE and BGE and the most effective doses were 15 μg/mL and 60 μg/mL, respectively, without showing cytotoxicity. At this optimal concentration, both extracts promoted axonal and dendritic growth and maturation. Furthermore, both extracts substantially increased the formation of functional synapses. However, the effect of WGE was more robust at every developmental stage of neurons. In addition, the gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed a chemical profile of various bioactives in both BGE and WGE. Linalool, a compound that was found in both extracts, has shown neurite outgrowth-promoting activity in neuronal cultures, suggesting that the neurotrophic activity of garlic extracts is attributed, at least in part, to this compound. By using network pharmacology, linalool’s role in neuronal development can also be observed through its modulatory effect on the signaling molecules of neurotrophic signaling pathways such as glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3β), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (Erk1/2), which was further verified by immunocytochemistry. Overall, these findings provide information on the molecular mechanism of processed and unprocessed garlic for neuronal growth, survival, and memory function which may have the potential for the prevention of several neurological disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Natural Compounds in Neurological Diseases 2.0)
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13 pages, 3210 KiB  
Article
Nordalbergin Exerts Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects by Attenuating MAPK Signaling Pathway, NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and ROS Production in LPS-Stimulated BV2 Microglia
by Jung Lo, Hsin-En Wu, Ching-Chih Liu, Kun-Che Chang, Po-Yen Lee, Po-Len Liu, Shu-Pin Huang, Pei-Chang Wu, Tzu-Chieh Lin, Yu-Hung Lai, Yo-Chen Chang, Yuan-Ru Chen, Sheng-I Lee, Yu-Kai Huang, Shu-Chi Wang and Chia-Yang Li
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7300; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087300 - 14 Apr 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2675
Abstract
Microglia-associated neuroinflammation is recognized as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases; however, there is no effective treatment for the blockage of neurodegenerative disease progression. In this study, the effect of nordalbergin, a coumarin isolated from the wood bark of Dalbergia [...] Read more.
Microglia-associated neuroinflammation is recognized as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases; however, there is no effective treatment for the blockage of neurodegenerative disease progression. In this study, the effect of nordalbergin, a coumarin isolated from the wood bark of Dalbergia sissoo, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses was investigated using murine microglial BV2 cells. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, whereas nitric oxide (NO) production was analyzed using the Griess reagent. Secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was detected by the ELISA. The expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins was assessed by Western blot. The production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular ROS was detected using flow cytometry. Our experimental results indicated that nordalbergin ≤20 µM suppressed NO, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β production; decreased iNOS and COX-2 expression; inhibited MAPKs activation; attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation; and reduced both intracellular and mitochondrial ROS production by LPS-stimulated BV2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that nordalbergin exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities through inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ROS production, suggesting that nordalbergin might have the potential to inhibit neurodegenerative disease progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Natural Compounds in Neurological Diseases 2.0)
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