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Molecular Mechanism of Diabetic Kidney Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2024 | Viewed by 3696

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
2. Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
3. Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (Neuropsy-Cog), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
4. Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
5. County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: chronic kidney disease; diabetic kidney disease; epigenetics; proteomics; lipidomics; metabolomics; mitochondrial dysfunction
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), as a major microvascular complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), accounts for over 40% of patients who reach end-stage renal disease and are referred to renal replacement therapies.

The tubulocentric concept with regard to DKD has emphasized the pivotal role of the proximal tubule and of the tubulointerstitial compartment in the development of DKD. The glomerular theory raises a similar interest, with a special focus on the contribution of podocyte injury in the course of DKD.

Chronic systemic inflammation and the role of inflammatory response in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease DKD have been highly recognized.

An inflammatory response which involves the innate immune system, as well as epigenetic mechanisms, plays an important role in the development of albuminuria in the course of type 2 DM. Particular molecular signatures and epigenetic profiles have emerged to support the complexity of DKD.

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays many specific roles in the pathogenesis of DKD. The importance of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of DKD resides in both the tubulocentric view and the mitochondria-centric view. Mitochondrial injury to glomerular endothelial cells and podocytes is also important for the development of DKD.

We are particularly taking interest in original papers and reviews that report the relevance of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of DKD.

Prof. Dr. Ligia Petrica
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • genetics
  • epigenetics
  • inflammation
  • mitochondrial dysfunction
  • proteomics
  • lipidomics
  • metabolomics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 5103 KiB  
Article
Mannan-Binding Lectin Is Associated with Inflammation and Kidney Damage in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes
by Gry H. Dørflinger, Charlotte B. Holt, Steffen Thiel, Jesper N. Bech, Jakob A. Østergaard and Mette Bjerre
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7204; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137204 - 29 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Autoreactivity of the complement system may escalate the development of diabetic nephropathy. We used the BTBR OB mouse model of type 2 diabetes to investigate the role of the complement factor mannan-binding lectin (MBL) in diabetic nephropathy. Female BTBR OB mice (n [...] Read more.
Autoreactivity of the complement system may escalate the development of diabetic nephropathy. We used the BTBR OB mouse model of type 2 diabetes to investigate the role of the complement factor mannan-binding lectin (MBL) in diabetic nephropathy. Female BTBR OB mice (n = 30) and BTBR non-diabetic WT mice (n = 30) were included. Plasma samples (weeks 12 and 21) and urine samples (week 19) were analyzed for MBL, C3, C3-fragments, SAA3, and markers for renal function. Renal tissue sections were analyzed for fibrosis, inflammation, and complement deposition. The renal cortex was analyzed for gene expression (complement, inflammation, and fibrosis), and isolated glomerular cells were investigated for MBL protein. Human vascular endothelial cells cultured under normo- and hyperglycemic conditions were analyzed by flow cytometry. We found that the OB mice had elevated plasma and urine concentrations of MBL-C (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.001, respectively) and higher plasma C3 levels (p < 0.001) compared to WT mice. Renal cryosections from OB mice showed increased MBL-C and C4 deposition in the glomeruli and increased macrophage infiltration (p = 0.002). Isolated glomeruli revealed significantly higher MBL protein levels (p < 0.001) compared to the OB and WT mice, and no renal MBL expression was detected. We report that chronic inflammation plays an important role in the development of DN through the binding of MBL to hyperglycemia-exposed renal cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism of Diabetic Kidney Disease)
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Review

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17 pages, 932 KiB  
Review
Molecular Targets of Novel Therapeutics for Diabetic Kidney Disease: A New Era of Nephroprotection
by Alessio Mazzieri, Francesca Porcellati, Francesca Timio and Gianpaolo Reboldi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(7), 3969; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073969 - 3 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2608
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a chronic microvascular complication in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Although glomerulosclerosis, tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis are typical damages of DKD, the interplay of different processes (metabolic factors, [...] Read more.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a chronic microvascular complication in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Although glomerulosclerosis, tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis are typical damages of DKD, the interplay of different processes (metabolic factors, oxidative stress, inflammatory pathway, fibrotic signaling, and hemodynamic mechanisms) appears to drive the onset and progression of DKD. A growing understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms, and the development of new therapeutics, is opening the way for a new era of nephroprotection based on precision-medicine approaches. This review summarizes the therapeutic options linked to specific molecular mechanisms of DKD, including renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers, SGLT2 inhibitors, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, endothelin receptor antagonists, and aldosterone synthase inhibitors. In a new era of nephroprotection, these drugs, as pillars of personalized medicine, can improve renal outcomes and enhance the quality of life for individuals with DKD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism of Diabetic Kidney Disease)
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