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Flower Plants Response to Multiple Abiotic Stresses

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 January 2022) | Viewed by 5470

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Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’alimentation et l’Environnement, INRAE, Montpellier, France
Interests: Iron; zinc; copper and manganese transport; storage; distribution; redox regulation; ascorbate metabolism
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Dear Colleagues,

In their natural environment, plants have to face daily fluctuations in light and temperature. In addition, in the context of climate change, plants are now prone to face increasing extreme episodes regarding temperature (both high or low) and water availability (drought and flooding). Moreover, the availability of nutrients in soils is heterogeneous and potentially also impacted by global changes and increasing atmospheric CO2. In consequence, plants have to cope with complex multiple stresses. Many studies have uncovered that responses to combined stress do not correspond to the addition of responses to individual stress. Therefore, there is a crucial need to characterize the responses to multiple stress, from the phenotype down to the gene expression levels, to be able to identify key response modules, gene regulatory networks, favorable allele combinations for the next generation cultivars that will be best adapted to the future environmental conditions. The scope of this special issue is to highlight new findings to enlarge the knowledge on the original responses of plants to multiple, combined, stress.

Therefore, authors are invited to submit original research, together with enlightening reviews, addressing this subject.

Dr. Stephane Mari
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Angiospermae
  • Flower Plants
  • Multiple Stresses
  • Abiotic stress
  • plant signal transduction
  • plant defense
  • plant defenses
  • against multiple
  • Plant response
  • Signature transduction

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 33321 KiB  
Article
Identification and Characterization of Salt- and Drought-Responsive AQP Family Genes in Medicagosativa L.
by Yijing Luo, Lin Ma, Wenxuan Du, Su Yan, Zengyu Wang and Yongzhen Pang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(6), 3342; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063342 - 19 Mar 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2522
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQP) are distributed ubiquitously in plants, and they play important roles in multiple aspects of plant growth and development, as well as in plant resistance to various environmental stresses. In this study, 43 MsAQP genes were identified in the forage crop Medicago [...] Read more.
Aquaporins (AQP) are distributed ubiquitously in plants, and they play important roles in multiple aspects of plant growth and development, as well as in plant resistance to various environmental stresses. In this study, 43 MsAQP genes were identified in the forage crop Medicago sativa. All the MsAQP proteins were clustered into four subfamilies based on sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationship, including 17 TIPs, 14 NIPs, 9 PIPs and 3 SIPs. Analyses of gene structure and conserved domains indicated that the majority of the deduced MsAQP proteins contained the signature transmembrane domains and the NPA motifs. Analyses on cis-acting elements in the promoter region of MsAQP genes revealed the presence of multiple and diverse stress-responsive and hormone-responsive cis-acting elements. In addition, by analyzing the available and comprehensive gene expression data of M. truncatula, we screened ten representative MtAQP genes that were responsive to NaCl or drought stress. By analyzing the sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationship, we finally identified the corresponding ten salt- or drought-responsive AQP genes in M. sativa, including three MsTIPs, three MsPIPs and four MsNIPs. The qPCRs showed that the relative expression levels of these ten selected MsAQP genes responded differently to NaCl or drought treatment in M. sativa. Gene expression patterns showed that most MsAQP genes were preferentially expressed in roots or in leaves, which may reflect their tissue-specific functions associated with development. Our results lay an important foundation for the future characterization of the functions of MsAQP genes, and provide candidate genes for stress resistance improvement through genetic breeding in M. sativa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flower Plants Response to Multiple Abiotic Stresses)
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15 pages, 1449 KiB  
Article
Root GS and NADH-GDH Play Important Roles in Enhancing the Ammonium Tolerance in Three Bedding Plants
by Jinnan Song, Jingli Yang and Byoung Ryong Jeong
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(3), 1061; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031061 - 19 Jan 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2162
Abstract
Ammonium is a paradoxical nutrient because it is more metabolically efficient than nitrate, but also causes plant stresses in excess, i.e., ammonium toxicity. Current knowledge indicates that ammonium tolerance is species-specific and related to the ammonium assimilation enzyme activities. However, the mechanisms underlying [...] Read more.
Ammonium is a paradoxical nutrient because it is more metabolically efficient than nitrate, but also causes plant stresses in excess, i.e., ammonium toxicity. Current knowledge indicates that ammonium tolerance is species-specific and related to the ammonium assimilation enzyme activities. However, the mechanisms underlying the ammonium tolerance in bedding plants remain to be elucidated. The study described herein explores the primary traits contributing to the ammonium tolerance in three bedding plants. Three NH4+:NO3 ratios (0:100, 50:50, 100:0) were supplied to salvia, petunia, and ageratum. We determined that they possessed distinct ammonium tolerances: salvia and petunia were, respectively, extremely sensitive and moderately sensitive to high NH4+ concentrations, whereas ageratum was tolerant to NH4+, as characterized by the responses of the shoot and root growth, photosynthetic capacity, and nitrogen (amino acid and soluble protein)-carbohydrate (starch) distributions. An analysis of the major nitrogen assimilation enzymes showed that the root GS (glutamine synthetase) and NADH-GDH (glutamate dehydrogenase) activities in ageratum exhibited a dose-response relationship (reinforced by 25.24% and 6.64%, respectively) as the NH4+ level was raised from 50% to 100%; but both enzyme activities were significantly diminished in salvia. Besides, negligible changes of GS activities monitored in leaves revealed that only the root GS and NADH-GDH underpin the ammonium tolerances of the three bedding plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flower Plants Response to Multiple Abiotic Stresses)
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