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Dietary Supplements for Metabolic Syndrome
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Dietary Supplements for Metabolic Syndrome

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 May 2023) | Viewed by 11633

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dake Qi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
Interests: metabolic dysfunction
Dr. Haibin Tong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
Interests: pathogenesis of metabolic diseases (insulin resistance, NAFLD, diabetes, etc.); discovery of new drug targets and lead compounds

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by the WHO as a pathologic condition characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, and is strongly associated with an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The growing prevalence of MetS worldwide is becoming a serious health problem and economic burden. To prevent the progression of MetS, we have to understand how MetS occurs and how it progresses, in order to uncover potential pathogenic mechanisms and screen potential therapeutic targets.

Dietary supplements include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, or other ingestible preparations that are added to the diet to benefit health. The occurrence of MetS is closely related to nutritional imbalance; growing evidence indicates that dietary supplements are a potential strategy for the intervention of MetS. However, many dietary supplements with putative bioactivities and therapeutic properties against MetS remain untapped despite the intense efforts of the scientific community. It is necessary to undertake a systematic investigation of dietary supplements using advanced technology, such as high-throughput screening and high-content screening in vivo or in vitro for the rapid screening and discovery of novel bioactive compounds; mining promising dietary supplements using multi-omics techniques, such as metagenomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics with post-translational modifications; and novel structural modifications and the structure–activity relationship to reveal novel targets and novel mechanisms of dietary supplements.

This Special Issue on “Dietary Supplements for Metabolic Syndrome” welcomes original research and reviews in this field, with a focus on traditional or novel dietary supplements for the intervention of metabolic syndrome, using new technologies and methods to reveal the underlying mechanism, hoping to provide new strategies for the amelioration of metabolic syndrome with dietary supplements.

Dr. Dake Qi
Dr. Haibin Tong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

  • dietary supplements
  • vitamins
  • minerals
  • polysaccharide
  • metabolic syndrome
  • obesity
  • insulin resistance
  • diabetes
  • NAFLD

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4782 KiB  
Article
Inhibitory Potential of α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, and Pancreatic Lipase by a Formulation of Five Plant Extracts: TOTUM-63
by Quentin Haguet, Florian Le Joubioux, Vivien Chavanelle, Hugo Groult, Nathan Schoonjans, Cédric Langhi, Arnaud Michaux, Yolanda F. Otero, Nathalie Boisseau, Sébastien L. Peltier, Pascal Sirvent and Thierry Maugard
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 3652; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043652 - 11 Feb 2023
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3628
Abstract
Controlling post-prandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, particularly by regulating the activity of digestive enzymes, allows managing type 2 diabetes and obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of TOTUM-63, a formulation of five plant extracts (Olea europaea L., Cynara [...] Read more.
Controlling post-prandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, particularly by regulating the activity of digestive enzymes, allows managing type 2 diabetes and obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of TOTUM-63, a formulation of five plant extracts (Olea europaea L., Cynara scolymus L., Chrysanthellum indicum subsp. afroamericanum B.L.Turner, Vaccinium myrtillus L., and Piper nigrum L.), on enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid absorption. First, in vitro inhibition assays were performed by targeting three enzymes: α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and lipase. Then, kinetic studies and binding affinity determinations by fluorescence spectrum changes and microscale thermophoresis were performed. The in vitro assays showed that TOTUM-63 inhibited all three digestive enzymes, particularly α-glucosidase (IC50 of 13.1 µg/mL). Mechanistic studies on α-glucosidase inhibition by TOTUM-63 and molecular interaction experiments indicated a mixed (full) inhibition mechanism, and higher affinity for α-glucosidase than acarbose, the reference α-glucosidase inhibitor. Lastly, in vivo data using leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice, a model of obesity and type 2 diabetes, indicated that TOTUM-63 might prevent the increase in fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels over time, compared with the untreated group. These results show that TOTUM-63 is a promising new approach for type 2 diabetes management via α-glucosidase inhibition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Supplements for Metabolic Syndrome)
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11 pages, 623 KiB  
Article
Dietary Strawberries Improve Serum Metabolites of Cardiometabolic Risks in Adults with Features of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial
by Arpita Basu, Kenneth Izuora, Andrew Hooyman, Hal R. Scofield and Jeffrey L. Ebersole
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 2051; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032051 - 20 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2412
Abstract
Dietary strawberries have been shown to improve cardiometabolic risks in multiple clinical trials. However, no studies have reported effects on serum metabolomic profiles that may identify the target pathways affected by strawberries as underlying mechanisms. We conducted a 14-week randomized, controlled crossover study [...] Read more.
Dietary strawberries have been shown to improve cardiometabolic risks in multiple clinical trials. However, no studies have reported effects on serum metabolomic profiles that may identify the target pathways affected by strawberries as underlying mechanisms. We conducted a 14-week randomized, controlled crossover study in which participants with features of metabolic syndrome were assigned to one of the three arms for four weeks separated by a one-week washout period: control powder, 1 serving (low dose: 13 g strawberry powder/day), or 2.5 servings (high dose: 32 g strawberry powder/day). Blood samples, anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and dietary and physical activity data were collected at baseline and at the end of each four-week phase of intervention. Serum samples were analyzed for primary metabolites and complex lipids using different mass spectrometry methods. Mixed-model ANOVA was used to examine differences in the targeted metabolites between treatment phases, and LASSO logistic regression was used to examine differences in the untargeted metabolites at end of the strawberry intervention vs. the baseline. The findings revealed significant differences in the serum branched-chain amino acids valine and leucine following strawberry intervention (high dose) compared with the low-dose and control phases. Untargeted metabolomic profiles revealed several metabolites, including serum phosphate, benzoic acid, and hydroxyphenyl propionic acid, that represented improved energy-metabolism pathways, compliance measures, and microbial metabolism of strawberry polyphenols, respectively. Thus, dietary supplementation of strawberries significantly improves the serum metabolic profiles of cardiometabolic risks in adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Supplements for Metabolic Syndrome)
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18 pages, 6614 KiB  
Article
Extraction, Characterization, and Platelet Inhibitory Effects of Two Polysaccharides from the Cs-4 Fungus
by Yu-Heng Mao, Feng-Lin Song, Yi-Xuan Xu, Ang-Xin Song, Zhao-Mei Wang, Ming-Zhu Zhao, Fang He, Ze-Zhong Tian and Yan Yang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(20), 12608; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012608 - 20 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2075
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are associated with platelet hyperactivity, and downregulating platelet activation is one of the promising antithrombotic strategies. This study newly extracted two polysaccharides (purified exopolysaccharides, EPSp and purified intercellular exopolysaccharides, IPSp) from Cordyceps sinensis Cs-4 mycelial fermentation powder, and investigated the effects [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular diseases are associated with platelet hyperactivity, and downregulating platelet activation is one of the promising antithrombotic strategies. This study newly extracted two polysaccharides (purified exopolysaccharides, EPSp and purified intercellular exopolysaccharides, IPSp) from Cordyceps sinensis Cs-4 mycelial fermentation powder, and investigated the effects of the two polysaccharides and their gut bacterial metabolites on platelet functions and thrombus formation. EPSp and IPSp are majorly composed of galactose, mannose, glucose, and arabinose. Both EPSp and IPSp mainly contain 4-Galp and 4-Glcp glycosidic linkages. EPSp and IPSp significantly inhibited human platelet activation and aggregation with a dose-dependent manner, and attenuated thrombus formation in mice without increasing bleeding risk. Furthermore, the EPSp and IPSp after fecal fermentation showed enhanced platelet inhibitory effects. The results have demonstrated the potential value of Cs-4 polysaccharides as novel protective ingredients for cardiovascular diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Supplements for Metabolic Syndrome)
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Review

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20 pages, 2547 KiB  
Review
Research Progress on the Protective Effect of Brown Algae-Derived Polysaccharides on Metabolic Diseases and Intestinal Barrier Injury
by Ying Yang, Meina Liang, Dan Ouyang, Haibin Tong, Mingjiang Wu and Laijin Su
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(18), 10784; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810784 - 15 Sep 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2798
Abstract
In the human body, the intestine is the largest digestive and immune organ, where nutrients are digested and absorbed, and this organ plays a key role in host immunity. In recent years, intestinal health issues have gained attention and many studies have shown [...] Read more.
In the human body, the intestine is the largest digestive and immune organ, where nutrients are digested and absorbed, and this organ plays a key role in host immunity. In recent years, intestinal health issues have gained attention and many studies have shown that oxidative stress, inflammation, intestinal barrier damage, and an imbalance of intestinal microbiota may cause a range of intestinal diseases, as well as other problems. Brown algae polysaccharides, mainly including alginate, fucoidan, and laminaran, are food-derived natural products that have received wide attention from scholars owing to their good biological activity and low toxic side effects. It has been found that brown algae polysaccharides can repair intestinal physical, chemical, immune and biological barrier damage. Principally, this review describes the protective effects and mechanisms of brown algae-derived polysaccharides on intestinal health, as indicated by the ability of polysaccharides to maintain intestinal barrier integrity, inhibit lipid peroxidation-associated damage, and suppress inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, our review aims to provide new ideas on the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases and act as a reference for the development of fucoidan as a functional product for intestinal protection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Supplements for Metabolic Syndrome)
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