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Cardiovascular Diseases: Aging and Other Risk Factors

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 1585

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
2. Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewiczova 1, 81371 Bratislava, Slovakia
Interests: experimental hypertension; endothelial dysfunction; vascular tone regulation; inflammation; aging
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advances in cardiovascular research and medicine have led to a decrease in morbidity and the mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and have partially shifted cardiovascular complications to the older population. However, there is not enough attention paid to the relationship between CVD and aging. Hypertension still represents the silent killer among CVDs and remains underdiagnosed in more than one third of the population. Sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy dietary habits lead to the development of atherosclerosis in the older population, thus further worsening CVD. This Special Issue focuses on the mechanisms underlying the development of CVD during aging, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, stress and other risk factors, as well as the factors implicated in improving patients’ quality of life. This Special Issue welcomes the submission of articles that present experimental studies and clinical trials, as well as case reports that disclose molecular pathophysiological mechanisms, novel molecular factors, drug interactions or possible adverse drug reactions to CVD therapy.

Dr. Silvia Liskova
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • aging
  • hypertension
  • endothelium
  • vascular smooth muscle cells
  • pulmonary hypertension
  • atherosclerosis
  • hyperlipidemia

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 870 KiB  
Review
Ca2+-Dependent Cl Channels in Vascular Tone Regulation during Aging
by Miriam Petrova, Monika Lassanova, Jana Tisonova and Silvia Liskova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5093; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105093 - 7 May 2024
Viewed by 1107
Abstract
Identifying alterations caused by aging could be an important tool for improving the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Changes in vascular tone regulation involve various mechanisms, like NO synthase activity, activity of the sympathetic nervous system, production of prostaglandin, endothelium-dependent relaxing, and contracting factors, [...] Read more.
Identifying alterations caused by aging could be an important tool for improving the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Changes in vascular tone regulation involve various mechanisms, like NO synthase activity, activity of the sympathetic nervous system, production of prostaglandin, endothelium-dependent relaxing, and contracting factors, etc. Surprisingly, Ca2+-dependent Cl channels (CaCCs) are involved in all alterations of the vascular tone regulation mentioned above. Furthermore, we discuss these mechanisms in the context of ontogenetic development and aging. The molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms of CaCCs activation on the cell membrane of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and endothelium are explained, as well as the age-dependent changes that imply the activation or inhibition of CaCCs. In conclusion, due to the diverse intracellular concentration of chloride in VSMC and endothelial cells, the activation of CaCCs depends, in part, on intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and, in part, on voltage, leading to fine adjustments of vascular tone. The activation of CaCCs declines during ontogenetic development and aging. This decline in the activation of CaCCs involves a decrease in protein level, the impairment of Ca2+ influx, and probably other alterations in vascular tone regulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Diseases: Aging and Other Risk Factors)
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