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Gene Expression Regulatory Mechanisms in the Adrenal Gland

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 2577

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 6 Street, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
Interests: adrenal gland; gene expression; regulatory mechanisms

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 6 Street, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
Interests: fat; liver; cirrhosis; ulcerative colitis; liver diseases; biliary tract diseases; liver cirrhosis; liver diseases and immunology; liver failure; inflammatory bowel disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Adrenal glands are endocrine organs that are very important for the proper functioning of a living organism. The characteristic structure of the gland influences its functions in the body. It is now known that adrenal glands can differ in structure between different species or individuals of the same species but of different sexes. Adrenals interact with the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the specific axis, controlling the secretion of neuropeptides involved in food intake and energy expenditure, and thus playing a significant role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. In addition, there is cooperation between cells within the gland itself, where a specific microenvironment exists, and the paracrine pathway regulates the synthesis of steroid hormones through neuropeptides secreted by medullary cells. Due to their crucial function, adrenal glands are continuously studied.

The development of molecular techniques allows for a precise understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the involvement of the adrenal glands in the proper functioning of the body and, over the years, many results have emerged that shed light on the role adrenal glands play in homeostatic mechanisms, as well as how various factors influence the growth, differentiation, and functions of adrenal cells, both under physiological and pathological conditions. Particularly, techniques that investigate the mechanisms of gene expression regulation are of great importance. However, not everything has been fully understood yet; therefore, we invite scientists interested in clarifying this topic to submit their findings for the next Special Issue.

Dr. Marianna Tyczewska
Dr. Małgorzata Blatkiewicz
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • adrenal gland
  • gene expression
  • molecular analysis
  • regulation of transcription
  • regulation of translation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 9106 KiB  
Article
Transcriptome Profile of the Rat Adrenal Gland: Parenchymal and Interstitial Cells
by Marianna Tyczewska, Patrycja Sujka-Kordowska, Marta Szyszka, Karol Jopek, Małgorzata Blatkiewicz, Ludwik K. Malendowicz and Marcin Rucinski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(11), 9159; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119159 - 23 May 2023
Viewed by 2362
Abstract
The homeostasis of the adrenal gland plays a decisive role in its proper functioning, both in non-stressful conditions and under the influence of various types of stress. This consists of interactions between all types of cells that make up the organ, including parenchymal [...] Read more.
The homeostasis of the adrenal gland plays a decisive role in its proper functioning, both in non-stressful conditions and under the influence of various types of stress. This consists of interactions between all types of cells that make up the organ, including parenchymal and interstitial cells. The amount of available information on this subject in the rat adrenal glands under non-stressful conditions is insufficient; the aim of the research was to determine the expression of marker genes for rat adrenal cells depending on their location. The material for the study consisted of adrenal glands taken from intact adult male rats that were separated into appropriate zones. Transcriptome analysis by means of Affymetrix® Rat Gene 2.1 ST Array was used in the study, followed by real-time PCR validation. Expression analysis of interstitial cell marker genes revealed both the amount of expression of these genes and the zone in which they were expressed. The expression of marker genes for fibroblasts was particularly high in the cells of the ZG zone, while the highest expression of specific macrophage genes was observed in the adrenal medulla. The results of this study, especially with regard to interstitial cells, provide a so far undescribed model of marker gene expression of various cells, both in the cortex and medulla of the sexually mature rat adrenal gland. The interdependence between parenchymal and interstitial cells creates a specific microenvironment that is highly heterogeneous within the gland with respect to some of the interstitial cells. This phenomenon most likely depends on the interaction with the differentiated parenchymal cells of the cortex, as well as the medulla of the gland. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Expression Regulatory Mechanisms in the Adrenal Gland)
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