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Modelling Human Development and Disease Using Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Organoids
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Modelling Human Development and Disease Using Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Organoids

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 26354

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sally Martin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Stem Cell Engineering Group, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
Interests: molecular biology; cell biology; lipids; energy metabolism; adipocytes; endocytosis; endosomes; exocytosis; DNA methylation; epigenetic mechanism; proteomic analyses; neurons; stem cells

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Organoids, three-dimensional (3D) multicellular structures formed by the self-aggregation and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells, present unique opportunities to study and understand complex biology within a physiologically relevant and tractable context. Their 3D nature better represents the in vivo environment than more traditional 2D cell models, and by manipulating growth conditions and signalling factors, organoids can be generated to typify an ever-increasing variety of human organs.

This Special Issue will focus on recent advances in the generation of organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells and the application of these organoids to the investigation of developmental biology and disease modelling. Original articles and reviews are invited from basic research studies on all aspects of human PSC-derived organoid development, and the application of organoid technology to the development of novel model systems and the interrogation of complex disease phenotypes.

Dr. Sally Martin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Organoids
  • Pluripotent stem cells
  • Disease Modelling
  • Developmental Biology
  • Organogenesis

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 7017 KiB  
Article
Derivation and Characterization of Endothelial Cells from Porcine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
by Yang Yu, Xuechun Li, Yimei Li, Renyue Wei, Hai Li, Zhonghua Liu and Yu Zhang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(13), 7029; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137029 - 24 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1813
Abstract
Although the study on the regulatory mechanism of endothelial differentiation from the perspective of development provides references for endothelial cell (EC) derivation from pluripotent stem cells, incomplete reprogramming and donor-specific epigenetic memory are still thought to be the obstacles of iPSCs for clinical [...] Read more.
Although the study on the regulatory mechanism of endothelial differentiation from the perspective of development provides references for endothelial cell (EC) derivation from pluripotent stem cells, incomplete reprogramming and donor-specific epigenetic memory are still thought to be the obstacles of iPSCs for clinical application. Thus, it is necessary to establish a stable iPSC-EC induction system and investigate the regulatory mechanism of endothelial differentiation. Based on a single-layer culture system, we successfully obtained ECs from porcine iPSCs (piPSCs). In vitro, the derived piPSC-ECs formed microvessel-like structures along 3D gelatin scaffolds. Under pathological conditions, the piPSC-ECs functioned on hindlimb ischemia repair by promoting blood vessel formation. To elucidate the molecular events essential for endothelial differentiation in our model, genome-wide transcriptional profile analysis was conducted, and we found that during piPSC-EC derivation, the synthesis and secretion level of TGF-β as well as the phosphorylation level of Smad2/3 changed dynamically. TGF-β-Smad2/3 signaling activation promoted mesoderm formation and prevented endothelial differentiation. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of iPSC-EC derivation not only paves the way for further optimization, but also provides reference for establishing a cardiovascular drug screening platform and revealing the molecular mechanism of endothelial dysfunction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling Human Development and Disease Using Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Organoids)
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Review

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39 pages, 1461 KiB  
Review
The Use of Stem Cell-Derived Organoids in Disease Modeling: An Update
by Joseph Azar, Hisham F. Bahmad, Darine Daher, Maya M. Moubarak, Ola Hadadeh, Alissar Monzer, Samar Al Bitar, Mohamed Jamal, Mohamed Al-Sayegh and Wassim Abou-Kheir
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(14), 7667; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147667 - 17 Jul 2021
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 23864
Abstract
Organoids represent one of the most important advancements in the field of stem cells during the past decade. They are three-dimensional in vitro culturing models that originate from self-organizing stem cells and can mimic the in vivo structural and functional specificities of body [...] Read more.
Organoids represent one of the most important advancements in the field of stem cells during the past decade. They are three-dimensional in vitro culturing models that originate from self-organizing stem cells and can mimic the in vivo structural and functional specificities of body organs. Organoids have been established from multiple adult tissues as well as pluripotent stem cells and have recently become a powerful tool for studying development and diseases in vitro, drug screening, and host–microbe interaction. The use of stem cells—that have self-renewal capacity to proliferate and differentiate into specialized cell types—for organoids culturing represents a major advancement in biomedical research. Indeed, this new technology has a great potential to be used in a multitude of fields, including cancer research, hereditary and infectious diseases. Nevertheless, organoid culturing is still rife with many challenges, not limited to being costly and time consuming, having variable rates of efficiency in generation and maintenance, genetic stability, and clinical applications. In this review, we aim to provide a synopsis of pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids and their use for disease modeling and other clinical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling Human Development and Disease Using Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Organoids)
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