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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyrazole Derivatives

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2024) | Viewed by 2414

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
Interests: medicinal chemistry; antiproliferative agents; antiviral agents; molecular docking; antioxidant compounds; protein kinase inhibitors; antibacterial agents
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
Interests: medicinal chemistry; antiproliferative agents; neuroprotective agents; phosphodiesterase inhibitors; antioxidant compounds; protein kinase inhibitors; antibacterial agents
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Blockbuster drugs (e.g., Acomplia®, Celebrex®), as well as a number of promising compounds endowed with various biological activities, are characterized by the pyrazole substructure. Pyrazole-containing molecules display a broad range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and selective enzyme inhibition properties.

The pharmacological properties of this heterocycle are related to its particular chemical behavior. In fact, the two pyrazole nitrogen atoms (namely, “pyrrole-like” and “pyridine-like” nitrogen) are characterized by different electronic properties, allowing reactivity with both acids and basis. Furthermore, pyrazole is endowed with prototrophic tautomerism that can be relevant in interactions with several pharmacological targets.

This Special Issue highlights the interest of the scientific community in this heterocycle and will focus on medicinal chemistry studies oriented towards the design, synthesis, and biological characterization of novel, differently decorated pyrazole derivatives. The results reported in the Special Issue will further support medicinal chemists interested in exploiting the pharmaceutical potential of pyrazole-containing derivatives.

Dr. Andrea Spallarossa
Dr. Chiara Brullo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pyrazole compounds
  • medicinal chemistry
  • drug design
  • drug synthesis
  • biological properties
  • drug discovery
  • structure–activity relationships
  • organic synthesis

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

8 pages, 1196 KiB  
Article
Upscaling and Risk Evaluation of the Synthesis of the 3,5-Diamino-1H-Pyrazole, Disperazol
by Charlotte Uldahl Jansen, Katja Egeskov Grier, Jens Bo Andersen, Louise Dahl Hultqvist, Martin Nilsson, Claus Moser, Michael Graz, Tim Tolker-Nielsen, Michael Givskov and Katrine Qvortrup
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(12), 6737; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126737 - 19 Jun 2024
Viewed by 774
Abstract
This paper presents the work performed to transition a lab-scale synthesis (1 g) to a large-scale (400 g) synthesis of the 3-5-diamino-1H-Pyrazole Disperazol, a new pharmaceutical for treatment of antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm infections. The potentially hazardous diazotisation step in the lab-scale synthesis [...] Read more.
This paper presents the work performed to transition a lab-scale synthesis (1 g) to a large-scale (400 g) synthesis of the 3-5-diamino-1H-Pyrazole Disperazol, a new pharmaceutical for treatment of antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm infections. The potentially hazardous diazotisation step in the lab-scale synthesis was transformed to a safe and easy-to-handle flow chemistry step. Additionally, the paper presents an OSHA-recommended safety assessment of active compound E, as performed by Fauske and Associates, LLC, Burr Ridge, IL, USA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyrazole Derivatives)
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8 pages, 1956 KiB  
Communication
Anticancer Effects of the Novel Pyrazolyl-Urea GeGe-3
by Ashleigh Williams, Emma Cooper, Bethany Clark, Laura Perry, Marco Ponassi, Erika Iervasi, Chiara Brullo, Alexander Greenhough and Michael Ladomery
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5380; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105380 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 1124
Abstract
In a screen of over 200 novel pyrazole compounds, ethyl 1-(2-hydroxypentyl)-5-(3-(3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl)ureido)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (named GeGe-3) has emerged as a potential anticancer compound. GeGe-3 displays potent anti-angiogenic properties through the presumptive targeting of the protein kinase DMPK1 and the Ca2+-binding protein [...] Read more.
In a screen of over 200 novel pyrazole compounds, ethyl 1-(2-hydroxypentyl)-5-(3-(3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl)ureido)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (named GeGe-3) has emerged as a potential anticancer compound. GeGe-3 displays potent anti-angiogenic properties through the presumptive targeting of the protein kinase DMPK1 and the Ca2+-binding protein calreticulin. We further explored the anticancer potential of GeGe-3 on a range of established cancer cell lines, including PC3 (prostate adenocarcinoma), SKMEL-28 (cutaneous melanoma), SKOV-3 (ovarian adenocarcinoma), Hep-G2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), MDA-MB231, SKBR3, MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma), A549 (lung carcinoma), and HeLa (cervix epithelioid carcinoma). At concentrations in the range of 10 μM, GeGe-3 significantly restricted cell proliferation and metabolism. GeGe-3 also reduced PC3 cell migration in a standard wound closure and trans-well assay. Together, these results confirm the anticancer potential of GeGe-3 and underline the need for more detailed pre-clinical investigations into its molecular targets and mechanisms of action. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyrazole Derivatives)
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