Immunoregulatory Receptor Signaling Networks 2.0
A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2021) | Viewed by 9613
Special Issue Editor
Interests: comparative immunology; immunoregulatory receptor-types; innate immunity; inflammation; intracellular signaling; macrophages; phagocytosis; teleost
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Innate immune cells (e.g., neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and natural killer cells) elicit potent effector responses capable of destroying a diverse range of invading pathogens. In general, these responses are controlled by immunoregulatory receptor-types that translate extracellular stimuli to complex, yet highly conserved, intracellular signaling networks. Depending on the immune cell-type and specific receptor activated, immunoregulatory signaling cascades trigger degranulation, phagocytosis, cell-mediated cytotoxicity, as well as the production of bioactive molecules. Prototypical immunoregulatory receptors are located in the plasma membrane, and structurally, they contain extracellular domains providing the interface for target recognition as well as transmembrane and cytoplasmic tail regions that can facilitate transmission of target binding into innate effector responses. Characteristically, these occur through a series of tyrosine-based and/or other intracellular biochemical signaling events. Generally, the broad classifications of immunoregulatory receptors as inhibitory or stimulatory have depended primarily on whether or not they contain key signaling motifs within their cytoplasmic regions (e.g., ITIMs and ITAMs). However, the functional outcome of immunoregulatory receptor engagement does not always precisely coincide with these canonical motifs, as alternative mechanisms of motif-dependent signaling events provide functional versatility among previously defined signaling networks. The magnitude and duration of receptor activation by natural ligands may also play a key role in the type of functional outcomes that occur following immunoregulatory receptor activation. In addition, the inherent modularity of signaling motifs within the transduction machinery allows for complex and novel regulatory behaviors to arise from relatively simple genetic events, such as recombination, deletion, or insertion. The heterogeneity observed within the intermolecular interactions between immunoregulatory receptor families (e.g., receptor crosstalk) also facilitates intricate tuning of responses through selective signaling dynamics. Finally, the presence of diverse immunoregulatory receptor families throughout immune cell lineages further compounds the apparent complexity required for the integrated control of innate immunity. In this Special Issue, we welcome reviews or data papers focused on understanding the dynamics of immunoregulatory receptor signaling networks using various vertebrate model systems. We also encourage the submission of papers describing new signaling pathways that further explore the versatility of immunoregulatory receptor signaling networks during inflammation.
Dr. James L. Stafford
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- innate immunity
- inflammation
- tyrosine-based signaling motifs
- phosphorylation
- kinases
- phosphatases
- intracellular signaling cascades
- immunoregulatory receptors
- cytoplasmic tail regions
- immunoregulatory receptor crosstalk
