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Materials for Energy Applications

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 January 2019) | Viewed by 29367

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sun-Jae Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
Interests: photocatalyst; secondary battery; hydrogen storage materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Materials for energy applications are used to facilitate the transition to a sustainable energy system, which can make notable contributions to the field of energy applications using functional materials. Materials for energy harvesting can convert solar energy into electricity or chemical fuels, such as hydrogen or methanol. Materials for energy transport and storage can deal with storage of both electric energy in batteries and supercapacitors, and of chemical fuels, such as hydrogen. Fuel cells and thermoelectric materials can be used for energy conversion.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Science will, thus, aim at presenting the most recent findings in the field of materials for energy applications. We invite the contribution of reviews papers and/or original research papers, which focus more on "molecular" or "applications" aspects of materials in this field.

Prof. Sun-Jae Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Energy material
  • Photocatalyst
  • Secondary battery
  • Hydrogen storage materials
  • Sustainable materials
  • Renewable resources

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2337 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Carbon Nanotube with Nitrogen and Iron Using Liquid Phase Plasma Process for Supercapacitor Applications
by Heon Lee, Byung-Joo Kim, Sun-Jae Kim, Young-Kwon Park and Sang-Chul Jung
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(12), 3830; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123830 - 30 Nov 2018
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3577
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) and iron oxide particles precipitated on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (IONCNTs) were fabricated by a liquid phase plasma (LPP) process for applications to anode materials in supercapacitors. The nitrogen element and amorphous iron oxide nanoparticles were evenly disseminated on the [...] Read more.
Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) and iron oxide particles precipitated on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (IONCNTs) were fabricated by a liquid phase plasma (LPP) process for applications to anode materials in supercapacitors. The nitrogen element and amorphous iron oxide nanoparticles were evenly disseminated on the pristine multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The electrochemical performance of the NCNTs and IONCNTs were investigated and compared with those of pristine MWCNTs. The IONCNTs exhibited superior electrochemical performance to pristine MWCNTs and NCNTs. The specific capacitance of the as-fabricated composites increased as the content of nitrogen and iron oxide particles increased. In addition, the charge transfer resistance of the composites was reduced with introducing nitrogen and iron oxide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Energy Applications)
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15 pages, 8184 KiB  
Article
Cost-Effective Biochar Produced from Agricultural Residues and Its Application for Preparation of High Performance Form-Stable Phase Change Material via Simple Method
by Yan Chen, Zhixing Cui, Han Ding, Yechao Wan, Zhibo Tang and Junkai Gao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(10), 3055; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103055 - 7 Oct 2018
Cited by 76 | Viewed by 4050
Abstract
A new form-stable composite phase change material (PEG/ASB) composed of almond shell biochar (ASB) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was produced via a simple and easy vacuum impregnation method. The supporting material ASB, which was cost effective, environmentally friendly, renewable and rich in appropriate [...] Read more.
A new form-stable composite phase change material (PEG/ASB) composed of almond shell biochar (ASB) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was produced via a simple and easy vacuum impregnation method. The supporting material ASB, which was cost effective, environmentally friendly, renewable and rich in appropriate pore structures, was produced from agricultural residues of almond shells by a simple pyrolysis method, and it was firstly used as the matrix of PEG. Different analysis techniques were applied to investigate the characteristics of PEG/ASB, including structural and thermal properties, and the interaction mechanism between ASB and PEG was studied. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermal cycle tests demonstrated that PEG/ASB possessed favorable thermal stability. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves demonstrated that the capacities for latent heat storage of PEG/ASB were enhanced with increasing PEG weight percentage. Additionally, PEG/ASB had an excellent thermal conductivity of 0.402 W/mK, which was approximately 1.6 times higher than that of the pure PEG due to the addition of ASB. All the study results indicated that PEG/ASB had favorable phase change properties, which could be used for thermal energy storage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Energy Applications)
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Review

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42 pages, 8169 KiB  
Review
Materials for Photovoltaics: State of Art and Recent Developments
by José Antonio Luceño-Sánchez, Ana María Díez-Pascual and Rafael Peña Capilla
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(4), 976; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040976 - 23 Feb 2019
Cited by 188 | Viewed by 15298
Abstract
In recent years, photovoltaic cell technology has grown extraordinarily as a sustainable source of energy, as a consequence of the increasing concern over the impact of fossil fuel-based energy on global warming and climate change. The different photovoltaic cells developed up to date [...] Read more.
In recent years, photovoltaic cell technology has grown extraordinarily as a sustainable source of energy, as a consequence of the increasing concern over the impact of fossil fuel-based energy on global warming and climate change. The different photovoltaic cells developed up to date can be classified into four main categories called generations (GEN), and the current market is mainly covered by the first two GEN. The 1GEN (mono or polycrystalline silicon cells and gallium arsenide) comprises well-known medium/low cost technologies that lead to moderate yields. The 2GEN (thin-film technologies) includes devices that have lower efficiency albeit are cheaper to manufacture. The 3GEN presents the use of novel materials, as well as a great variability of designs, and comprises expensive but very efficient cells. The 4GEN, also known as “inorganics-in-organics”, combines the low cost/flexibility of polymer thin films with the stability of novel inorganic nanostructures (i.e., metal nanoparticles and metal oxides) with organic-based nanomaterials (i.e., carbon nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives), and are currently under investigation. The main goal of this review is to show the current state of art on photovoltaic cell technology in terms of the materials used for the manufacture, efficiency and production costs. A comprehensive comparative analysis of the four generations is performed, including the device architectures, their advantages and limitations. Special emphasis is placed on the 4GEN, where the diverse roles of the organic and nano-components are discussed. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives are summarized. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Energy Applications)
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22 pages, 5180 KiB  
Review
Performance of Li4SiO4 Material for CO2 Capture: A Review
by Xianyao Yan, Yingjie Li, Xiaotong Ma, Jianli Zhao and Zeyan Wang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(4), 928; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040928 - 20 Feb 2019
Cited by 62 | Viewed by 5828
Abstract
Lithium silicate (Li4SiO4) material can be applied for CO2 capture in energy production processes, such as hydrogen plants, based on sorption-enhanced reforming and fossil fuel-fired power plants, which has attracted research interests of many researchers. However, CO2 [...] Read more.
Lithium silicate (Li4SiO4) material can be applied for CO2 capture in energy production processes, such as hydrogen plants, based on sorption-enhanced reforming and fossil fuel-fired power plants, which has attracted research interests of many researchers. However, CO2 absorption performance of Li4SiO4 material prepared by the traditional solid-state reaction method is unsatisfactory during the absorption/regeneration cycles. Improving CO2 absorption capacity and cyclic stability of Li4SiO4 material is a research highlight during the energy production processes. The state-of-the-art kinetic and quantum mechanical studies on the preparation and CO2 absorption process of Li4SiO4 material are summarized, and the recent studies on the effects of preparation methods, dopants, and operating conditions on CO2 absorption performance of Li4SiO4 material are reviewed. Additionally, potential research thoughts and trends are also suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Energy Applications)
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