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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy of Autoimmune Diseases
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy of Autoimmune Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2020) | Viewed by 8880

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Sang-Bae Han

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 194-21, Osongsaemgmyeong-1, Heungdeok, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
Interests: mesenchymal stem cells; natural killer cells; dendritic cells; cytokine-induced killer cells; cell therapy; immunopharmacology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that have broad immunomodulatory properties: inhibition of B cells, CD4+ Th1/Th17/CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils and stimulation of the clonal expansion of Bregs and Tregs. MSCs exert their effects via soluble factors and cell–cell contact.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that MSCs increase survival rates and reduce the severity and incidence of diverse autoimmune diseases, including Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis), systemic sclerosis, Sjogren’s syndrome, type I diabetes mellitus, uveitis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, autoimmune neurologic disorders (multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, neuromyelitis optica), ankylosing spondylitis, and so on.

This Special Issue welcome submissions of research, commentary, and review articles that address the following: (1) preclinical studies testing the efficacy of MSCs in autoimmune animal models; (2) molecular application of MSCs for autoimmune diseases; and (3) the mechanisms of their efficacy.

Prof. Sang-Bae Han
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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26 pages, 4542 KiB  
Article
Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Neural Substructure Development during Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Treatment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
by Jerome Fajardo, Bruce K. Milthorpe and Jerran Santos
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(14), 4867; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21144867 - 9 Jul 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2981
Abstract
Stem cells are highly important in biology due to their unique innate ability to self-renew and differentiate into other specialised cells. In a neurological context, treating major injuries such as traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and stroke is a strong basis for [...] Read more.
Stem cells are highly important in biology due to their unique innate ability to self-renew and differentiate into other specialised cells. In a neurological context, treating major injuries such as traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and stroke is a strong basis for research in this area. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a strong candidate because of their accessibility, compatibility if autologous, high yield and multipotency with a potential to generate neural cells. With the use of small-molecule chemicals, the neural induction of stem cells may occur within minutes or hours. Isobutylmethyl xanthine (IBMX) has been widely used in cocktails to induce neural differentiation. However, the key molecular mechanisms it instigates in the process are largely unknown. In this study we showed that IBMX-treated mesenchymal stem cells induced differentiation within 24 h with the unique expression of several key proteins such as Adapter protein crk, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, DNA topoisomerase 2-beta and Cell division protein kinase 5 (CDK5), vital in linking signalling pathways. Furthermore, the increased expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in treated cells promotes phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades and GTPase–Hras interactions. Bioinformatic and pathway analyses revealed upregulation in expression and an increase in the number of proteins with biological ontologies related to neural development and substructure formation. These findings enhance the understanding of the utility of IBMX in MSC neural differentiation and its involvement in neurite substructure development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy of Autoimmune Diseases)
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Review

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18 pages, 596 KiB  
Review
Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Aplastic Anemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes: The “Seed and Soil” Crosstalk
by Bruno Fattizzo, Juri A. Giannotta and Wilma Barcellini
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(15), 5438; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155438 - 30 Jul 2020
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 5495
Abstract
There is growing interest in the contribution of the marrow niche to the pathogenesis of bone marrow failure syndromes, i.e., aplastic anemia (AA) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs). In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that contribute to the organization and function [...] Read more.
There is growing interest in the contribution of the marrow niche to the pathogenesis of bone marrow failure syndromes, i.e., aplastic anemia (AA) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs). In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that contribute to the organization and function of the hematopoietic niche through their repopulating and supporting abilities, as well as immunomodulatory properties. The latter are of great interest in MDSs and, particularly, AA, where an immune attack against hematopoietic stem cells is the key pathogenic player. We, therefore, conducted Medline research, including all available evidence from the last 10 years concerning the role of MSCs in these two diseases. The data presented show that MSCs display morphologic, functional, and genetic alterations in AA and MDSs and contribute to immune imbalance, ineffective hematopoiesis, and leukemic evolution. Importantly, adoptive MSC infusion from healthy donors can be exploited to heal the “sick” niche, with even better outcomes if cotransplanted with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells. Finally, future studies on MSCs and the whole microenvironment will further elucidate AA and MDS pathogenesis and possibly improve treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy of Autoimmune Diseases)
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