Bicuspid Aortic Valve Management for Cardiologists and Cardiac Surgeons

Dear Colleagues,

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a relatively common congenital cardiac pathology, with a prevalence of 1–2%. This condition may present as critical aortic stenosis in newborns, where initial management may consist of balloon valvuloplasty or a surgical valvotomy, according to the institutional preference. Most children remain asymptomatic throughout childhood and adolescence, although some of them may show an evolution towards aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation. It has been associated with a higher incidence of adverse outcomes, particularly aortic stenosis (AS) and mitral regurgitation (MR). Additionally, there seems to be a gender disparity, with a three-fold higher prevalence in males compared to females. It has been reported that bicuspid aortopathy may be present in up to 50% of patients with BAV. This condition is characterized by enlargement of the aorta, which can begin at the aortic root and extend to the aortic arch. It is thought that this process may be influenced by fluctuations in blood flow, with power vectors directed against the aortic root and the convexity of the vessel. In recent years, micro-RNA (miRNA) has been the focus of much research regarding post-transcriptional regulation in the context of aortopathy. This Special Issue aims to build on existing knowledge by examining a range of aspects related to BAV disease, including anatomical, pathophysiological, genetic, ultrasound, and radiological considerations. In achieving this, it seeks to shed light on BAV classification and its relationship to imaging patterns and flux models involved in the onset and progression of aortic dilatation.

Dr. Francesco Nappi
Guest Editor

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• bicuspid aortic valve
• aortopathy
• classification
• diagnosis
• treatment
• newborns
• children
• balloon valvuloplasty
• surgical valvotomy