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Advances in the Field of Cutaneous Malignancies: Background and Clinical Management

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Dermatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2026) | Viewed by 4286

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: melanoma; dermatooncology; quality of life; systemic treatment; immunotherapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: dermatology; basal cell carcinoma; dermatosurgery; teledermatology; artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, University of Pécs, H-7632 Pécs, Hungary
Interests: dermatology; melanoma; oncodermatology; circadian clocks; dermoscopy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to publish your manuscripts in our Special Issue entitled “Advances in the Field of Cutaneous Malignancies: Background and Clinical Management” in the Journal of Clinical Medicine, which is now open for submissions.

In the last few decades, the overall incidence and prevalence of cutaneous malignancies have shown a significant increase worldwide. While melanoma accounts for the majority of all skin-cancer-related deaths, non-melanoma skin cancers are the most common malignancies in fair-skinned populations, contributing to a significant burden for patients and healthcare systems.

Our present Special Issue will focus on the latest advances in the management of cutaneous malignancies, including the use of various biomarkers, diagnostic devices, imaging techniques (dermoscopy, optical coherence tomography, high-frequency ultrasound, reflectance confocal microscopy, etc.), and novel treatment options. New concepts on early detection, genomic and molecular testing, approaches guiding treatment decisions, and the monitoring of the therapy of cutaneous malignancies are also within the scope. Novel findings on the use of artificial intelligence to enhance the diagnostics of cutaneous malignancies are also welcome. Teledermatology, alone or in combination with artificial intelligence, is also a rapidly developing technology that has a key role in the management of cutaneous malignancies; therefore, it is also included. New data on the background and factors contributing to the development of cutaneous malignancies are of special interest.

Basic, translational, and clinical research are equally highly welcome to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Péter Holló
Dr. Norbert Kiss
Dr. András Bánvölgyi
Dr. Zsuzsanna Lengyel
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dermatology
  • skin cancer
  • diagnosis
  • melanoma
  • basal cell carcinoma
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • imaging
  • artificial intelligence
  • dermoscopy
  • treatment

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 556 KB  
Article
Sentinel Node Biopsy for Head and Neck Melanoma: A 12-Year Experience from a Medium-Volume Regional Center
by Péter Lázár, Kristóf Boa, Noémi Mezőlaki, Zoltán Varga, Zsuzsanna Besenyi, Erika Varga, István Balázs Németh, Eszter Baltás, Judit Oláh, Erika Gabriella Kis, József Piffkó and Róbert Paczona
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(2), 763; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15020763 - 17 Jan 2026
Viewed by 463
Abstract
Background: Head and neck (H&N) cutaneous melanomas have poorer outcomes than melanomas at other sites, yet sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB)—a key prognostic tool in clinically node-negative disease—is less frequently performed, particularly outside tertiary centers. We evaluated the feasibility and prognostic relevance [...] Read more.
Background: Head and neck (H&N) cutaneous melanomas have poorer outcomes than melanomas at other sites, yet sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB)—a key prognostic tool in clinically node-negative disease—is less frequently performed, particularly outside tertiary centers. We evaluated the feasibility and prognostic relevance of SLNB in a medium-volume regional institution. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with primary H&N cutaneous melanoma who underwent SLNB at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Szeged, between 2010 and 2022. Clinicopathological features, nodal outcomes, recurrence patterns, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier methods and univariate Cox regression. Results: Thirty-eight patients underwent SLNB, with a 100% sentinel lymph node identification rate and no major complications. Positive sentinel lymph nodes were identified in 8 patients (21.1%). Two false-negative events occurred, resulting in a false-omission rate of 6.7% and a negative predictive value of 93.3%. SLN-negative patients demonstrated longer RFS and OS, although differences were not statistically significant. Among patients with intermediate-risk melanoma (pT1b–pT3a), 18.5% had a positive SLN. Conclusions: SLNB is a safe and clinically meaningful staging procedure for H&N melanoma in a medium-volume regional center. Sentinel node status provides important prognostic information and supports appropriate patient selection for contemporary adjuvant therapy. Full article
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14 pages, 1820 KB  
Article
Efficacy of 4% 5-Fluorouracil Cream in the Treatment of Actinic Keratoses: A Single-Center Experience
by Carmen Cantisani, Antonio Di Guardo, Giovanni Paolino, Natasa Balázs, Mehdi Boostani, Norbert Kiss, Claudio Conforti, Francesca Feresin, Andrea Carugno, Luca Gargano, Luigi Losco, Steven Paul Nisticò and Giovanni Pellacani
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(2), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15020612 - 12 Jan 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Actinic keratoses (AKs), also known as solar keratoses, are considered premalignant skin lesions that can evolve into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Among the available options, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) remains a cornerstone. Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis of our database of the [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Actinic keratoses (AKs), also known as solar keratoses, are considered premalignant skin lesions that can evolve into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Among the available options, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) remains a cornerstone. Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis of our database of the non-melanoma skin cancer outpatient clinic. The main objective was to evaluate patients treated with 4% 5-FU cream for AK lesions. The efficacy of 4% 5-FU was evaluated retrospectively by measuring the percentage of patients who achieved complete clearance. A secondary efficacy measure was the percentage of partial clearance, defined as at least a 75% reduction in lesion count. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the safety of 4% 5-FU cream. Results: We included 150 patients clinically diagnosed with AK, treated with 4% 5-FU cream and evaluated 432 lesions. Complete clearance of lesions was observed in 138 patients (92%) with partial clearance in 12 patients (8%). At 12 months, the recurrence rate was 11%. Conclusions: Based on our analysis, 4% 5-FU cream is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for AKs, particularly in patients with extensive field cancerization. While local skin reactions are a natural part of its mechanism, they are manageable and do not outweigh clinical benefits. Full article
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14 pages, 672 KB  
Article
Impact of a Teledermatology-Based Referral Model on Melanoma Diagnostic Pathways and Clinicopathologic Features: A Retrospective Comparative Study Between Face-to-Face Consultation (2019) and Teledermatology (2022) in a Tertiary Hospital
by Marta Cebolla-Verdugo, Husein Husein El-Ahmed, Francisco Manuel Ramos-Pleguezuelos and Ricardo Ruiz-Villaverde
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(1), 267; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15010267 - 29 Dec 2025
Viewed by 325
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Teledermatology has transformed access to dermatologic care, yet its association with melanoma prognostic parameters and diagnostic pathways in tertiary settings remains incompletely characterized. To compare the clinicopathologic profile of melanomas diagnosed under face-to-face consultation (2019) versus teledermatology-based referral (teleconsultation) (2022). Methods: A [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Teledermatology has transformed access to dermatologic care, yet its association with melanoma prognostic parameters and diagnostic pathways in tertiary settings remains incompletely characterized. To compare the clinicopathologic profile of melanomas diagnosed under face-to-face consultation (2019) versus teledermatology-based referral (teleconsultation) (2022). Methods: A retrospective observational study comparing two patient cohorts: those diagnosed with melanoma via in-person consultation in 2019, and those diagnosed through teleconsultation in 2022. These years were selected to reflect the structural shift in care delivery models before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, during which teledermatology was formally implemented. Sociodemographic, clinical, and histopathological variables were collected. A multivariable logistic regression model assessed variables associated with being diagnosed in the 2022 teledermatology cohort versus the 2019 face-to-face cohort. Statistical analyses were performed using R (v. 4.4.3). Results: A total of 151 patients were included (89 in-person in 2019, 62 via teleconsultation in 2022). Multivariable analysis identified three variables independently associated with being diagnosed via teleconsultation. Increasing Breslow thickness was inversely associated with teleconsultation diagnosis (OR 0.60 per 1 mm increase; 95% CI 0.40–0.91; p= 0.017). Similarly, the presence of histologic regression (OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.09–0.90; p = 0.032) and immunosuppression (OR 0.08; 95% CI 0.008–0.86; p = 0.037) were inversely associated with teleconsultation diagnosis. No significant associations were found for sex, age, tumor location, ulceration, mitosis, or clinical stage. Conclusions: In this retrospective single-center comparison of two care models, melanomas diagnosed through teleconsultation in 2022 were associated with a more favorable clinicopathologic profile at diagnosis than those diagnosed via face-to-face consultation in 2019. These findings support the role of teledermatology-based referral pathways in facilitating timely melanoma assessment, although causal inference is limited by the observational design. Full article
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Review

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11 pages, 1434 KB  
Review
In Vivo Non-Invasive High-Resolution Imaging for the Evaluation of the Periocular Skin Area: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
by Camilla Chello, Giuseppe Paolo Antonio Gemma, Riccardo Sadun, Luca Ambrosio, Elisabetta Angela Campanale, Simone Cappilli and Giovanni Pellacani
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(4), 1571; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15041571 - 17 Feb 2026
Viewed by 376
Abstract
The periocular region represents a highly sensitive anatomical area due to its functional relevance and aesthetic importance. It is frequently affected by a broad spectrum of cutaneous tumors, due to chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation, hence an accurate diagnosis and lesion margin assessment [...] Read more.
The periocular region represents a highly sensitive anatomical area due to its functional relevance and aesthetic importance. It is frequently affected by a broad spectrum of cutaneous tumors, due to chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation, hence an accurate diagnosis and lesion margin assessment is essential to guide appropriate treatment. Herein we summarize the current evidence on the use of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) for the assessment of periocular skin tumors. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the main databases following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies published between 2015 and 2025 evaluating the application of RCM, OCT, and LC-OCT in skin tumors of this area were included. RCM was the most extensively studied modality, demonstrating utility in the characterization of pigmented and non-pigmented periocular lesions and in the identification of basal cell carcinoma-specific features. OCT provided complementary information by enabling visualization of deeper tissue structures, particularly in non-melanoma skin cancers; LC-OCT showed high concordance with histopathology providing practical advantages in this area. As a conclusion, non-invasive imaging techniques represent valuable tools in the evaluation of periocular skin tumors, as they may enhance diagnostic confidence and support clinical decision-making. Full article
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Other

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9 pages, 3302 KB  
Case Report
Primary Cutaneous CD8+ Aggressive Epidermotropic Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphoma: A Rare and Aggressive Case Report with Clinical and Pathological Insights
by Janyna Jaramillo, Katty Méndez-Flores, Nataly Lascano, Santiago Palacios-Álvarez, Marlon Arias-Intriago and Juan S. Izquierdo-Condoy
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(21), 7842; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14217842 - 5 Nov 2025
Viewed by 962
Abstract
Introduction: Primary cutaneous CD8+ aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma (PCAETL) is a rare and highly aggressive subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), accounting for less than 1% of CTCL cases. It is defined by CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell proliferation with marked epidermotropism, necrosis, and [...] Read more.
Introduction: Primary cutaneous CD8+ aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma (PCAETL) is a rare and highly aggressive subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), accounting for less than 1% of CTCL cases. It is defined by CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell proliferation with marked epidermotropism, necrosis, and a high proliferative index. Clinically, it presents as ulcerated or necrotic lesions with rapid progression and poor response to conventional therapies. Aims: To describe a fatal case of PCAETL in a young adult female, emphasizing the diagnostic challenges, clinical progression, histopathological features, and treatment limitations. Case Presentation: A 41-year-old Venezuelan woman presented with a 10-month history of disseminated papules and nodules initially misdiagnosed as Hansen’s disease. After her arrival in Ecuador, she was re-evaluated and found to have generalized dermatosis with ulcerated nodules and tumors. Histopathological examination revealed atypical epidermotropic CD8+ T-cell infiltration with extensive necrosis. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated strong positivity for CD3, CD5, and CD8, and a Ki-67 index of 80%, confirming the diagnosis of PCAETL. The patient received methotrexate with partial response but experienced disease relapse during second-line etoposide therapy. She developed febrile neutropenia and died five months after diagnosis. Conclusions: This case highlights the rarity, diagnostic complexity, and aggressive nature of PCAETL. Early recognition and clinico-pathological correlation are essential for timely diagnosis. However, therapeutic options remain limited, and outcomes are poor despite systemic chemotherapy. Further research into targeted and personalized therapies is urgently needed to improve survival in this devastating disease. Full article
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