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Clinical Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Obstetrics & Gynecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (23 January 2025) | Viewed by 3309

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Guest Editor
Department of General Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Interests: pelvic floor surgery; native tissue repair; basic science in urogynecology; incontinence treatment; objective outcome parameters and success definition in PFDs; risk factors for PFDs; urinary microbiota
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common problem that increases with women's age and can affect the quality of life of concerned women significantly. Treatment options for patients with symptomatic POP include, alongside pessary placement, surgical repair, and around 13% of women undergo surgery at some point in their lives for the management of prolapse. Surgical treatments can be either reconstructive or obliterative, whereas reconstructive procedures for apical defects can be divided into procedures with and without uterine conservation. While vaginal hysterectomy (VH) with apical fixation has long been established as the most commonly performed procedure for POP, uterine-preserving techniques have gained popularity in recent years, with a majority of women preferring these types of techniques.

Personalized approaches to treatment as well as the definition of various risk factors for PFDs such as pelvic organ prolapse or urinary incontinence over the last few decades have led to significant improvements in treatment and preventive strategies in this group of patients. The aim of this Special Issue with the title “Clinical Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse” is to collect and publish original articles as well as reviews demonstrating advances in the therapeutic field of urogynecology.

Dr. Barbara Bodner-Adler
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • pelvic organ prolapse
  • pessary treatment
  • uterus-preserving prolapse surgery
  • clinical management
  • clinical treatment

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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10 pages, 415 KiB  
Article
Preliminary Results of a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial for Laparoscopic Repair of Pelvic Organ Prolapse: Sacropexy vs. Laparoscopic Lateral Suspension
by Isabel Ñíguez-Sevilla, María Luisa Sánchez-Ferrer, Vicente Luis Ruiz-Cotorruelo, Maciej Wilczak, Karolina Chmaj-Wierzchowska, Juan Antonio Solano-Calvo, María Elena Pérez-Muñuzuri, Juan Raúl Salinas-Peña and Julián Jesús Arense-Gonzalo
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(6), 2069; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14062069 - 18 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic sacropexy (SCL) is the gold standard technique for the correction of apical pelvic organ prolapse (POP). However, other easier laparoscopic techniques, such as laparoscopic lateral suspension (LLS), have become popular. Methods: We conducted a multicenter randomized study of patients undergoing laparoscopic [...] Read more.
Background: Laparoscopic sacropexy (SCL) is the gold standard technique for the correction of apical pelvic organ prolapse (POP). However, other easier laparoscopic techniques, such as laparoscopic lateral suspension (LLS), have become popular. Methods: We conducted a multicenter randomized study of patients undergoing laparoscopic repair of apical and anterior prolapse. Patients were randomized into two groups: LLS vs. SCL. A non-inferiority study was proposed, in which the null hypothesis was that the difference in the proportion of therapeutic failures among women who undergo LLS compared to SCL is ≥15%. It was necessary to include 182 participants to detect a risk difference of 15% after one year with a statistical power of 0.80. Results: We recruited 176 women, of whom 106 patients underwent surgery with a follow-up between 1 and 12 months. There were no differences in basal characteristics. Regarding physical examination, there were no differences at stages III-IV in the POP-Q or the symptom scales in both groups. Concerning the post-surgical results, there were no failures detected in the physical examination in any group. There were no differences in the points of the POP-Q, the symptom scales, or the body image scale. We only found significant differences in the operative time, which was shorter for the LLS. Conclusions: Although these are preliminary results, since the sample includes 106 patients and the follow-up time is a limited period at the moment, we did not find any post-surgical differences between the two techniques. However, it will be necessary to complete the trial to draw relevant conclusions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse)
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16 pages, 1797 KiB  
Article
Does Colpocleisis Still Hold Value? The Evolution of Apical Prolapse Surgery: A Comparative National Database Study
by Yaman Degirmenci, Ina Shehaj, Matthias Alexa, Gilbert Georg Klamminger, Mona Wanda Schmidt, Konstantin Hofmann, Annette Hasenburg and Roxana Schwab
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(5), 1414; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14051414 - 20 Feb 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition that significantly affects quality of life. Obliterative surgery, such as colpocleisis, represents an alternative to reconstructive surgery with a historically established background. The trends in apical prolapse surgery have undergone substantial changes following FDA [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition that significantly affects quality of life. Obliterative surgery, such as colpocleisis, represents an alternative to reconstructive surgery with a historically established background. The trends in apical prolapse surgery have undergone substantial changes following FDA warnings. This study aims to analyze the trend of obliterative surgery within the context of apical POP surgery in the German healthcare system, considering global shifts, particularly following FDA warnings. Methods: A comprehensive analysis of in-patient data from the German Federal Statistical Office was carried out for the period between 2005 and 2021. The study included a total of 530,107 procedures, each classified by specific codes. Linear regression analysis was applied to identify and characterize trends in surgical patterns. Results: The trends in obliterative surgery showed a significant decline over the years (p < 0.001), particularly notable in older women. In contrast, a significant increasing trend was observed in the proportion of abdominal surgeries relative to the total number of procedures over time (p < 0.001), especially in the younger age group. Conclusions: Surgical trends over the specified timeframe highlight the notable evolution of POP management. Despite observed global fluctuations, obliterative surgery in Germany appeared to follow a declining trend in the changing mesh era, shaped by varying perspectives on the matter. The shifting global trend should be closely monitored and considered in urogynecological training. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse)
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11 pages, 463 KiB  
Article
Impact on Sexual Function and Wish for Subsequent Pregnancy after Uterus-Preserving Prolapse Surgery in Premenopausal Women
by Greta Lisa Carlin, Julia Hummel Jiménez, Sören Lange, Florian Heinzl, Marianne Koch, Wolfgang Umek and Barbara Bodner-Adler
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(14), 4105; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144105 - 13 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1351
Abstract
(1) Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects millions of women globally, impacting their quality of life and potentially influencing family planning decisions. This study aimed to assess the impact of uterus-preserving prolapse surgery on the sexual function, desire for children, and pregnancy outcomes [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects millions of women globally, impacting their quality of life and potentially influencing family planning decisions. This study aimed to assess the impact of uterus-preserving prolapse surgery on the sexual function, desire for children, and pregnancy outcomes in premenopausal women with symptomatic POP. (2) Methods: A survey study was conducted among patients who underwent sacrospinous hysteropexy at a tertiary hospital between 2001 and 2021. Telephone interviews were performed to gather data on sexual function, desire for children, and satisfaction with surgical outcomes. (3) Results: The study included 33 premenopausal women, revealing diverse factors influencing sexual activity and desire for children following surgery. While most of the participants expressed a desire for children after surgery, sexually inactive individuals were more likely to report an unfulfilled desire for children. Fear of incontinence during sexual activity emerged as a significant concern for the sexually inactive participants. (4) Conclusions: The study highlights the need for comprehensive counselling and tailored interventions to address the multifaceted needs of women with POP. Further research is warranted to highlight the long-term implications of uterus-preserving surgeries on women’s health and well-being. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse)
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9 pages, 9808 KiB  
Case Report
Extreme Uterine and Rectal Prolapse in a 31-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report
by Marcin Jozwik, Maria Derkaczew, Joanna Wojtkiewicz, Burghard Abendstein and Maciej Jozwik
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(5), 1484; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14051484 - 23 Feb 2025
Viewed by 714
Abstract
Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common disorder among postmenopausal women but is rare in very young patients. It can affect various compartments of the pelvic floor. In severe forms, vaginal/uterine and rectal prolapse can occur concurrently. Methods: The aim of this [...] Read more.
Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common disorder among postmenopausal women but is rare in very young patients. It can affect various compartments of the pelvic floor. In severe forms, vaginal/uterine and rectal prolapse can occur concurrently. Methods: The aim of this report is to present a rare case of a young patient with an extreme postpartum uterine and rectal prolapse and our stepwise surgical approach to achieve complete repair while preserving the ability to carry future pregnancies. Results: A 31-year-old patient was admitted with extreme postpartum uterine and rectal prolapse. She underwent three separate surgeries to regain full anatomic reconstruction. Initially, laparoscopic lateral suspension (LLS) according to Dubuisson’s technique was performed in 2017. A combined vaginal-laparoscopic repair followed again in 2017 and included extensive posterior vaginal and perineal repair with absorbable mesh (SeraSynth) attached to the sacrouterine ligaments and laparoscopic hysterosacropexy (HySa) with a non-absorbable PVDF DynaMesh-CESA implant. Finally, in 2019, the DynaMesh-CESA implant was replaced with a T-shaped non-absorbable Albis Posterior Mesh for rectal prolapse, fixed bilaterally to the sacral bone at the S3 level. Additionally, the Dubuisson suspension was adjusted using Noé’s pectopexy for the implant’s reattachment to the pectineal ligaments. Conclusions: Severe uterine and rectal prolapse in young patients is rare and demands a tailored approach. Uterus-preserving surgery should be the priority. In the present case, a resorbable posterior mesh failed in rectal prolapse repair, while a combined rectal prolapse repair and hysteropexy with a non-resorbable posterior mesh proved effective. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse)
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