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Innate Immunity Nephropathy: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
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Innate Immunity Nephropathy: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Nephrology & Urology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (13 March 2023) | Viewed by 5480

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xujie Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
Interests: IgA nephropathy; hereditary kidney disease; membranous nephropathy; lupus nephritis; glomerulonephritis; acute kidney injury; chronic kidney disease
Dr. Celine Berthier

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Interests: single-cell RNA sequencing; RNA; pathway; lupus; nephritis
Dr. Youhua Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macao, China
Interests: natural products; diabetic kidney disease; nephrotic syndrome; diabetes; pharmacology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Innate immunity is involved in tissue homeostasis, pathological inflammation, fibrosis, acute kidney injury, and chronic kidney disease progression. Innate immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), and natural killer cells, contribute to pathogenesis and protection in various kidney diseases. Circulating and kidney resident cells such as podocytes and tubular epithelial cells are all equipped with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which can be activated and contribute to inflammatory response in the local kidney. These findings are corroborated by high-throughput multi-omics studies, highlighting the heterogeneity of immune and non-immune cells implicated in immune related kidney disease. Importantly, these research have led to the discovery of novel pathogenic pathways, and some targeted treatments have shown promising efficacy.

Dr. Xujie Zhou
Dr. Celine Berthier
Dr. Youhua Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cellular and molecular mediators
  • heterogeneous
  • immune makeup
  • inflammatory response
  • new technology
  • plastic
  • phenotypes
  • therapeutic strategies

Published Papers (3 papers)

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10 pages, 854 KiB  
Article
Triglyceride–Glucose Index May Predict Renal Survival in Patients with IgA Nephropathy
by Aiya Qin, Jiaxing Tan, Siqing Wang, Lingqiu Dong, Zheng Jiang, Dandan Yang, Huan Zhou, Xiaoyuan Zhou, Yi Tang and Wei Qin
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(17), 5176; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175176 - 1 Sep 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2243
Abstract
Background: The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index is a simple, novel and reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance. However, evidence for the prognostic impact of an elevated TyG index on IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is limited. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between the TyG index and [...] Read more.
Background: The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index is a simple, novel and reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance. However, evidence for the prognostic impact of an elevated TyG index on IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is limited. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between the TyG index and the risk of renal progression in IgAN. Method: This cohort study involved biopsy-proven IgAN between January 2009 and December 2018 in West China Hospital, in which patients were assigned to two groups based on the cut-off value of TyG using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. A 1:1 matched-pair analysis was established to optimize the bias in IgAN by propensity score matching (PSM). The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. The composite endpoint was defined by eGFR decreased ≥50% of the baseline level, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), renal transplantation and/or death. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were applied to confirm the predictive value of the optimal marker. Results: Before PSM, a total of 1210 participants were ultimately included. During a median follow-up period of 55.8 months (range 37.20–79.09 months), 129 participants progressed to the composite endpoint (10.7%). After PSM, 366 patients were enrolled in the matched cohort, of whom 34 (9.3%) patients reached the endpoints. Based on the cut-off value of the TyG index, patients were divided into the low TyG index group (TyG ≤ 8.72, n = 690) and the high TyG index group (TyG > 8.72, n = 520). Further analysis demonstrated that a higher TyG index was significantly associated with a higher risk of reaching composite endpoints in IgAN patients in both the unmatched and matched cohorts (before PSM: HR 2.509, 95% CI 1.396–4.511, p = 0.002; after PSM: HR 2.654, 95% CI 1.299–5.423, p = 0.007). Conclusion: A high TyG index is associated with a higher risk of renal progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innate Immunity Nephropathy: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment)
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6 pages, 436 KiB  
Case Report
Dual Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane and Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies—Positive Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Sjogren’s Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
by Ting Cheng, Huiwen Zhi, Yunxiao Liu, Shengxiao Zhang, Ziyi Song and Yafeng Li
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(22), 6793; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226793 - 16 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1273
Abstract
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a life-threatening disease characterized by rapid progressive deterioration of renal function and extensive formation of crescents. Some antibodies tend to be positive, such as a perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) and anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies, in most [...] Read more.
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a life-threatening disease characterized by rapid progressive deterioration of renal function and extensive formation of crescents. Some antibodies tend to be positive, such as a perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) and anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies, in most patients with the disease. However, cases of double positivity for the above antibodies are considered to be rare. In addition, both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) are deemed to be independent immune disorders that can cause renal impairment. Nevertheless, the association between RPGN and these two diseases has not been elucidated in previous studies. Here, we provide a case of RPGN with the concurrence of RA and SS characterized by double positivity in anti-GBM antibodies and p-ANCA. After aggressive treatment with cyclophosphamide, glucocorticoids, and plasma exchange, the patient improved significantly. Despite the malignant event of arteriovenous fistula rupture and bleeding during treatment, the patient survived with renal function recovery for the rest of the follow-up period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innate Immunity Nephropathy: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment)
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7 pages, 440 KiB  
Brief Report
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation May Represent a Good Approach for Patients with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Brief Report
by Wenqiang Zhi, Xiaoli Yuan, Wenzhu Song, Guorong Jin and Yafeng Li
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(22), 6700; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226700 - 12 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1360
Abstract
This is the first report of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with chronic kidney disease. The patient was subjected to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), with onset in April 2021. The main manifestation featured abnormal renal function and no proteinuria at the level [...] Read more.
This is the first report of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with chronic kidney disease. The patient was subjected to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), with onset in April 2021. The main manifestation featured abnormal renal function and no proteinuria at the level of nephrotic syndrome. In May 2021, she showed biopsy-proven FSGS and was treated with glucocorticoid. However, after glucocorticoid reduction, the patient’s serum creatinine increased again, so she adjusted the dosage and continued use until now. In April 2022, the patient was prescribed the FMT capsules. After FMT, the renal function remained stable, urinary protein decreased, reaching the clinical standard of complete remission, and there was no recurrence after glucocorticoid reduction. Furthermore, the patient showed significantly decreased hyperlipidemia, triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CHO) after FMT. During FMT, the level of cytokines fluctuated slightly, but returned to the pre-transplantation level after three months. From this, we conclude that FMT is a potential adjuvant therapy for FSGS, and patients can benefit from improving renal function and dyslipidemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innate Immunity Nephropathy: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment)
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