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JCM
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New Perspectives and Innovations in Critical Illness
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New Perspectives and Innovations in Critical Illness

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Intensive Care".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2026 | Viewed by 662

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francesco Alessandri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy
Interests: mechanical ventilation; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R); trauma; ARDS; postoperative delirium; sepsis and multidrug resistance infections in ICU
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giovanni Giordano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy
Interests: critical care; intensive care medicine; anesthesiology; ECMO; extracorporeal
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Journal of Clinical Medicine is pleased to launch a Special Issue entitled “New Perspectives and Innovations in Critical Illness.” This Special Issue showcases emerging concepts, technological advances, and evolving clinical strategies that are reshaping modern intensive care. Topics of interest include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Novel organ support platforms (e.g., ECMO, CRRT, hemoadsorption, ECCO2R) and their translational pathways;
  • Innovative mechanical ventilation and respiratory monitoring approaches;
  • Advances in hemodynamic management, shock physiology, and cardiovascular support;
  • Immunomodulatory therapies, inflammation profiling, and precision medicine in the ICU;
  • Decision-making tools, AI-assisted monitoring, human factors, and ICU organization models.

We invite original research, narrative or systematic reviews, experimental insights, and interdisciplinary contributions for improving patient outcomes and shaping the future landscape of critical care medicine.

Thank you again for your support. I look forward to continuing our collaboration and taking to the next steps for the Special Issue.

Dr. Francesco Alessandri
Dr. Giovanni Giordano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • critical illness
  • intensive care
  • ECMO
  • hemodynamic management
  • shock physiology
  • cardiovascular support

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 506 KB  
Article
Significance of Peripheral Perfusion Changes During Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Critically Ill Patients
by Mantas Jaras, Edvinas Chaleckas, Zivile Pranskuniene, Tomas Tamosuitis and Andrius Pranskunas
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(4), 1624; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15041624 - 20 Feb 2026
Viewed by 440
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate whether changes in perfusion index (PI) after the first deflation of the blood pressure cuff during remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) are associated with passive leg raising (PLR)-induced changes in stroke volume. In addition, we compared PI [...] Read more.
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate whether changes in perfusion index (PI) after the first deflation of the blood pressure cuff during remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) are associated with passive leg raising (PLR)-induced changes in stroke volume. In addition, we compared PI changes after cuff deflation during RIC between critically ill patients and healthy controls. Methods: This prospective, single-center study was conducted in a mixed ICU at a tertiary teaching hospital. Patients aged >18 years admitted to the ICU, monitored using calibrated pulse contour analysis, and scheduled for a PLR test as decided by the attending physicians were included. The PI was measured after blood pressure cuff deflations during RIC (3 cycles of brachial cuff inflation to 200 mmHg for 5 min, followed by instantaneous deflation to 0 mmHg for another 5 min) in the supine position after PLR. Preload responsiveness was defined as a ≥10% increase in the stroke volume index (SVI) during PLR. Data were compared with a healthy control group. Results: Thirty-three patients were included (median age 62; 45% in shock; 55% mechanically ventilated). When comparing critically ill patients with healthy volunteers, the maximum PI change (dPImax) and the time to reach it were higher in critically ill patients after the first and second cuff deflations (p < 0.05). However, after the third deflation, the difference was no longer significant. Following the first deflation, dPImax was significantly correlated with SVI changes during PLR (r = 0.63, p < 0.001). After the cuff was first deflated, we detected a PI cutoff with a positive SVI response (≥10%) during PLR, with a sensitivity of 64% and a specificity of 94% (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.752; 95% CI, 0.564–0.940; p = 0.008). Conclusions: The maximum change in perfusion index following brachial blood pressure cuff deflation after five minutes of inflation may serve as a promising noninvasive bedside indicator of preload responsiveness in critically ill patients. Additionally, the observed normalization of PI kinetics during RIC suggests possible acute modulation of vascular reactivity, though further research is needed to confirm an association between PI changes and endothelial function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Perspectives and Innovations in Critical Illness)
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