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Innovative Aspects in Dental Implantology and Related Clinical Research

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A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2024) | Viewed by 4078

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vittorio Checchi

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Guest Editor

Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
Interests: restorative dentistry; adhesive dentistry; dental materials; implant dentistry; biomaterials; periodontology; dental hygiene
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Carlo Barausse

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1. Researcher, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
2. Postgraduate School of Oral Surgery, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
Interests: dental implants; reconstructive surgery; short dental implants; zygomatic implants; interpositional block bone graft technique; clinical trials; randomised controlled clinical trials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Modern dentistry is characterized by an impressive development of new technologies and techniques, especially in the subjects of implantology, bone regeneration, and implant-supported prosthesis. At the same time, however, patients are often asking for less-invasive procedures and less complex rehabilitation treatments. Moreover, the development of digital technologies has drastically changed dentistry, and in particular the fields of prosthodontics and implantology.

The goal of this Special Issue is to provide an update of the current knowledge in implant dentistry and in implant-supported prosthesis. It aims to show the most recent achievements in the field of implant-prosthetic rehabilitation, in order to obtain a complete view of the state of the art of new trends in this area.

This Special Issue calls for high-quality research articles, clinical studies, and review articles focused on implantology and implant-supported prosthesis.

Prof. Dr. Vittorio Checchi
Dr. Carlo Barausse
Guest Editors

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Keywords

dental implants
implantology
bone regeneration
implant-supported prosthesis
zygomatic implants
reconstructive surgery
pre-implant surgery
short implants

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10 pages, 4551 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Ethyl-Cyanoacrylate and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Fresh Sockets of Rabbits Subjected to Anticoagulant Therapy

by Eduardo Rosas, Fernando José Dias, Dimitrius Pitol, Sergio Olate, João Paulo Mardegan Issa and Eduardo Borie

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(21), 6389; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13216389 - 25 Oct 2024

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Abstract

Objectives: There are no studies related to the use of PRF associated with cyanoacrylates in fresh post-extraction sockets. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of ethyl-cyanoacrylate combined with PRF in fresh sockets of rabbits subjected to anticoagulant therapy. Methods: Twelve adults rabbits were selected and premedicated with heparin 1 week before surgery to induce and simulate anticoagulant therapy. Upper and lower first premolars on the right side were extracted and then were divided into four groups of three animals each, with the groups distributed according to the type of intervention in the sockets (n = 6): (1) clot and suture (control); (2) PRF and suture; (3) clot and ethyl-cyanoacrylate; (4) PRF and ethyl-cyanoacrylate. At 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the sockets were analyzed histologically and quantitatively. Total bone area, inflammation infiltrate, and adhesive remnants were assessed. Results: No remnants of adhesive were found in the samples. Groups 1 and 2 showed the highest bone area (G1 = 37.87% ± 17.86; G2 = 30.31 ± 9.36) with significant differences to those treated with ethyl-cyanoacrylate adhesive (G3 = 26.6% ± 11.82; G4 = 24.29% ± 6.25). Conclusions: The groups that used ethyl-cyanoacrylate as a closure method in sockets exhibited less bone area than the groups that used sutures. Both groups that used PRF as therapy did not show a significant improvement in bone healing at 12 weeks compared with the clot groups. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Aspects in Dental Implantology and Related Clinical Research)

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14 pages, 500 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Prosthetic Material and Restoration Type on Peri-Implant Bone Resorption: A Retrospective Analysis in a Romanian Sample

by Denisa Tabita Sabău, Raluca Iulia Juncar, Abel Emanuel Moca, Teofana Bota, Rahela Tabita Moca and Mihai Juncar

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(6), 1794; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061794 - 20 Mar 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1141

Abstract

Background/Objectives: This research investigates the nuanced factors influencing peri-implant bone resorption in implant-supported fixed prostheses, with a focus on age, gender, implant location, time since prosthetic loading, and material characteristics. Methods: Records from a dental clinic in Oradea, Romania, between 1 January 2017 and 1 January 2023, were scrutinized and were selected by means of purposive sampling. All records were analyzed between 1 May 2023 and 15 June 2023. A total of 160 implants were included, and the prosthetic restorations were either metal-ceramic or zirconia. Implants from a single manufacturer were used, and a standardized loading protocol was followed. The study examined variables such as age, gender, implant location, prosthetic material, and time since prosthetic loading. Results: A total of 160 implants were included, with 78 applied to female patients (48.8%) and 82 to male patients (51.2%). The age range of the patients undergoing dental implant procedures was 30 to 79 years. Implants were distributed between the mandible (51.2%) and maxilla (48.8%), with 49.4% placed in the posterior dental arches and 50.6% in the anterior dental arches. The majority of patients received metal-ceramic prosthetic reconstructions (76.9%). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in resorption patterns between zirconia and metal-ceramic restorations (p < 0.001), with zirconia restorations exhibiting higher resorption in the mesial-vertical and distal-vertical planes compared to metal-ceramic restorations. Age-related factors showed a significant association with distal-vertical resorption (p = 0.017), with patients aged 60–69 years exhibiting higher resorption values compared to those aged 40–49 years. Gender differences were observed in mesial-horizontal resorption (p = 0.036), with male patients displaying higher resorption values compared to female patients. Implant location and time elapsed since implant loading did not show significant associations with resorption patterns. Conclusions: The study provides insights into the multifactorial nature of peri-implant resorption. Age, gender, and material characteristics contribute to variations, informing personalized treatment approaches. The findings facilitate a comprehensive understanding for clinicians, enhancing treatment planning and post-operative care. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Aspects in Dental Implantology and Related Clinical Research)

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17 pages, 2968 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Comparative Clinical Behavior of Zirconia versus Titanium Dental Implants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

by Danilo Morena, Bruno Leitão-Almeida, Miguel Pereira, Rodrigo Resende, Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes and Tiago Borges

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(15), 4488; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13154488 - 31 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1534

Abstract

Objective: The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess whether there were clinically relevant differences in the treatment of edentulous areas comparing zirconia (Zr) and titanium (Ti) dental implants. The null hypothesis is that no differences can be observed in terms of the clinical parameters; the positive hypothesis I is that Zr implants have generally better results compared to Ti implants; and the positive hypothesis II is that Ti implants have a generally superior result than Zr implants. Methods: This review work was registered on the PROSPERO platform, and its development was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. The electronic search process was conducted on three databases (PubMed/Scopus/Web of Science), including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the past 10 years (up to April 2024). Identified articles were analyzed and included/excluded based on pre-defined selection and exclusion criteria. The quality assessment and risk of bias were evaluated using a Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool specifically designed for randomized trials (RoB2). A meta-analysis was conducted to correlate different treatment options based on the described outcomes; a random-effects model was used in the analysis of the variables. The analysis of heterogeneity was conducted by means of Cochran’s Q-test and Higgins’ I² statistic. Results: Six RCTs were enrolled; 152 patients (90 males and 62 females) and 448 implants (267 Zr and 181 Ti) were included. Dental implant placement involved both the maxillary and mandibular arches. The implant sites showed heterogeneity in receiving Zr and Ti dental implants; in particular, 22 dental implants were placed in the mid-palatal region and 426 dental implants in the alveolar region (255 were in Zr and 171 in Ti). Regarding the success rate, it was better for Zr but with no statistical difference (p > 0.05); bleeding on probing had slight differences between Ti with 0.34% ± 0.42 and Zr with 0.26% ± 0.36 (p > 0.05); plaque score showed 0.46 ± 0.47 for Ti compared to 0.44 ± 0.49 for Zr (p > 0.05); no statistically significant difference was observed for pink esthetic score (PES). Statistically significant results were found for survival rate, which favored Ti implants (77.6%) compared to Zr (70.3%) (p < 0.05), and for marginal bone loss, which showed less loss in Ti implants (0.18 mm ± 0.47) compared to 0.42 mm ± 0.40 in Zr at 12 months (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The present systematic review and meta-analysis identified the positive hypothesis I and rejected the null and positive hypothesis II; it was possible to conclude that Ti dental implants have a better survival rate and less marginal bone loss than Zr dental implants after 1-year follow-up. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Aspects in Dental Implantology and Related Clinical Research)

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